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06.11.2021 | Original Contribution

Fine-grained investigation of the relationship between human nutrition and global DNA methylation patterns

verfasst von: Fabrizia Noro, Annalisa Marotta, Marialaura Bonaccio, Simona Costanzo, Federica Santonastaso, Sabatino Orlandi, Alfonsina Tirozzi, Roberta Parisi, Amalia De Curtis, Mariarosaria Persichillo, Francesco Gianfagna, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Maria Benedetta Donati, Chiara Cerletti, Giovanni de Gaetano, Licia Iacoviello, Alessandro Gialluisi, Benedetta Izzi, Moli-sani Study Investigators

Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition | Ausgabe 3/2022

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Abstract

Purpose

Nutrition is an important, modifiable, environmental factor affecting human health by modulating epigenetic processes, including DNA methylation (5mC). Numerous studies investigated the association of nutrition with global and gene-specific DNA methylation and evidences on animal models highlighted a role in DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) regulation. However, a more comprehensive analysis of different layers of nutrition in association with global levels of 5mC and 5hmC is lacking. We investigated the association between global levels of 5mC and 5hmC and human nutrition, through the stratification and analysis of dietary patterns into different nutritional layers: adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD), main food groups, macronutrients and micronutrients intake.

Methods

ELISA technique was used to measure global 5mC and 5hmC levels in 1080 subjects from the Moli-sani cohort. Food intake during the 12 months before enrolment was assessed using the semi-quantitative EPIC food frequency questionnaire. Complementary approaches involving both classical statistics and supervised machine learning analyses were used to investigate the associations between global 5mC and 5hmC levels and adherence to Mediterranean diet, main food groups, macronutrients and micronutrients intake.

Results

We found that global DNA methylation, but not hydroxymethylation, was associated with daily intake of zinc and vitamin B3. Random Forests algorithms predicting 5mC and 5hmC through intakes of food groups, macronutrients and micronutrients revealed a significant contribution of zinc, while vitamin B3 was reported among the most influential features.

Conclusion

We found that nutrition may affect global DNA methylation, suggesting a contribution of micronutrients previously implicated as cofactors in methylation pathways.

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Titel: Fine-grained investigation of the relationship between human nutrition and global DNA methylation patterns
verfasst von: Fabrizia Noro
Annalisa Marotta
Marialaura Bonaccio
Simona Costanzo
Federica Santonastaso
Sabatino Orlandi
Alfonsina Tirozzi
Roberta Parisi
Amalia De Curtis
Mariarosaria Persichillo
Francesco Gianfagna
Augusto Di Castelnuovo
Maria Benedetta Donati
Chiara Cerletti
Giovanni de Gaetano
Licia Iacoviello
Alessandro Gialluisi
Benedetta Izzi
Moli-sani Study Investigators
Publikationsdatum: 06.11.2021
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition / Ausgabe 3/2022
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02716-8

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Fine-grained investigation of the relationship between human nutrition and global DNA methylation patterns