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11.01.2022 | Original Contribution

Glycemic response, satiety, gastric secretions and emptying after bread consumption with water, tea or lemon juice: a randomized crossover intervention using MRI

verfasst von: Daniela Freitas, François Boué, Mourad Benallaoua, Gheorghe Airinei, Robert Benamouzig, Evelyne Lutton, Laurène Jourdain, Rose-Marie Dubuisson, Xavier Maître, Luc Darrasse, Steven Le Feunteun

Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition | Ausgabe 3/2022

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Abstract

Purpose

Numerous studies, including our previous work with lemon juice, have reported that low-pH meals reduce the glycemic response to starchy foods. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet understood. Tea, for its polyphenol content, has also been investigated. The main objective of this research was to concurrently study gastric emptying, appetite perceptions and glycemic responses to bread consumed with water, tea, or lemon juice.

Methods

In this randomized, crossover intervention, ten participants consumed equal portions of bread (100 g) with 250 mL of water, water-diluted lemon juice, or black tea at breakfast. Gastric volumes, blood glucose concentrations and appetite perceptions were alternately assessed over 180 min using magnetic resonance imaging, the finger-prick method and visual analogue scales, respectively.

Results

Compared to water, lemon juice led to a 1.5 fold increase of the volume of gastric contents, 30 min after the meal (454.0 ± 18.6 vs. 298.4 ± 19.5 mL, \(\overline{x}\) ± SEM P < 0.00001). Gastric emptying was also 1.5 times faster (P < 0.01). Conversely, lemon juice elicited a lower glycemic response than water (blood glucose concentrations at t = 55 min were 35% lower, P = 0.039). Tea had no effect. Changes in appetite perceptions and gastric volumes correlated well, but with no significant differences between the meals.

Conclusions

Lemon juice lowered the glycemic response and increased both gastric secretions and emptying rate. The results are compatible with the hypothesis that the reduction of the glycemic response is mainly due to the interruption of starch hydrolysis via the acid-inhibition of salivary α-amylase.

Trial registration number

NCT03265392, August 29, 2017.

Graphical abstract

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Titel: Glycemic response, satiety, gastric secretions and emptying after bread consumption with water, tea or lemon juice: a randomized crossover intervention using MRI
verfasst von: Daniela Freitas
François Boué
Mourad Benallaoua
Gheorghe Airinei
Robert Benamouzig
Evelyne Lutton
Laurène Jourdain
Rose-Marie Dubuisson
Xavier Maître
Luc Darrasse
Steven Le Feunteun
Publikationsdatum: 11.01.2022
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition / Ausgabe 3/2022
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02762-2

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Glycemic response, satiety, gastric secretions and emptying after bread consumption with water, tea or lemon juice: a randomized crossover intervention using MRI