Background
Organism | Specific | References |
---|---|---|
Viruses | Herpes simplex virus | [2] |
Human herpesvirus | [3] | |
Influenza A virus | [4] | |
Influenza A(H5N1) virus | ||
Influenza B virus | ||
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) | [6] | |
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) | [7] | |
Chikungunya virus | [8] | |
Cytomegalovirus | [9] | |
Dengue virus | [10] | |
Rift valley fever virus | [11] | |
Varicella zoster virus | [3] | |
SARS-CoV | [12] | |
Protozoa | Toxoplasma gondii | [13] |
Trypanosoma cruzi | [14] | |
Cryptococcus neoformans | [15] | |
Cryptococcus gattii | [15] | |
Plasmodium falciparum | [16] | |
Plasmodium vivax | ||
Bacteria | Klebsiella pneumoniae | [19] |
Chlamydia pneumoniae | [20] | |
Chlamydia psittaci | [20] | |
Leptospira spp. | [21] | |
Listeria monocytogenes | [22] | |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis | [23] | |
Mycoplasma pneumoniae | [24] | |
Streptococcus pyogenes (group A) | [25] | |
Streptococcus (group B) | [26] |
Neuroinflammation
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy
Definition and diagnosis
Pathophysiology and biological alterations
Therapeutic tools
Disease | Clinical treatment |
---|---|
Sepsis | Antibiotics for bacterial sepsis: piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftriaxone, cefepime, meropenem, imipenem/cilastatin |
Antiviral drugs for viral sepsis: baloxavir, oseltamivir, peramivir and zanamivir for influenza-associated sepsis; cidofovir for adenoviral infections in immunocompromised patients | |
A combination of both antivirals and antibiotics is recommended for viral sepsis | |
Malaria | Quinine, chloroquine, arthemether-lumefantrine, artesunate, artemisinin |
Influenza | Oseltamivir, peramivir, baloxavir, zanamivir |
COVID-19 | Dexamethasone (mechanically ventilated patients), tocilizumab (non-ventilated patients) |