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Erschienen in: Der Gynäkologe 9/2015

01.09.2015 | Leitthema

Kardiovaskuläres Risiko hormoneller Kontrazeptiva – ein Update

verfasst von: Dr. J. Dinger

Erschienen in: Die Gynäkologie | Ausgabe 9/2015

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Seit den frühen 1960er-Jahren ist bekannt, dass die Anwendung hormoneller Kontrazeptiva mit einem erhöhten kardiovaskulären Risiko verbunden ist. Studienergebnisse aus den letzten 8 Jahren haben zu Diskussionen über die Nutzen-Risiko-Bewertung einzelner Präparate geführt.

Fragestellung

Übersicht über die Inzidenz kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse bei Nutzern und Nichtnutzern hormoneller Kontrazeptiva, Differenzierung der Risiken nach Produktgruppen und anschließende Nutzen-Risiko-Bewertung.

Material und Methode

Zusammenfassende Auswertung von eigenen und anderen Studien, Analyse und Diskussion methodologischer Schwächen der relevanten Studien, Empfehlungen auf der Basis der Ergebnisse.

Ergebnisse

Studienergebnisse der letzten Jahre führen zu keiner grundsätzlich neuen Nutzen-Risiko-Bewertung hormoneller Kontrazeptiva. Allerdings gibt es neue Erkenntnisse zum zeitlichen Verlauf des kardiovaskulären Risikos, zu Risiken bei wiederholtem Starten und Absetzen hormoneller Kontrazeptiva und zur überadditiven Risikosteigerung bei gleichzeitigem Vorliegen mehrerer kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren.

Schlussfolgerungen

Das Nutzen-Risiko-Verhältnis hormoneller Kontrazeptiva – einschließlich kombinierter oraler Kontrazeptiva – ist bei jungen Frauen ohne kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren, die eine zuverlässige und reversible Verhütungsmethode wünschen, fast immer positiv. Bei Vorliegen mehrerer kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren sollten nur östrogenfreie hormonelle Kontrazeptiva oder nichthormonelle Methoden zum Einsatz kommen. Wiederholtes Absetzen und kurzfristige Wiedereinnahmen kombinierter hormoneller Kontrazeptiva sollten vermieden werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Kardiovaskuläres Risiko hormoneller Kontrazeptiva – ein Update
verfasst von
Dr. J. Dinger
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Gynäkologie / Ausgabe 9/2015
Print ISSN: 2731-7102
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7110
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-015-3739-3

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