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Erschienen in: Der Anaesthesist 8/2006

01.08.2006 | Leitthema

Sepsis

Aktuelle Aspekte zu Pathophysiologie, Diagnostik und Therapie

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. M. Bauer, F. Brunkhorst, T. Welte, H. Gerlach, K. Reinhart

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 8/2006

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Zusammenfassung

Sepsis ist als Resultante aus Infektion und Wirtsantwort definiert. Die Fehlfunktion von Abwehr- und Reparatursystemen, wie Immunsystem und Gerinnung, ist für die Prognose bestimmend; hierbei ist die Letalitätsrate der schweren Sepsis mit 54% inakzeptabel hoch. Aufgrund verbesserter pathophysiologischer Kenntnisse versucht man daher, modulierend in die Wirtsantwort einzugreifen. Eine Vielzahl Erfolg versprechender präklinischer Studienergebnisse konnte in großen multizentrischen Interventionsstudien nicht bestätigt werden. Deshalb beinhalten viele der evidenzbasierten Empfehlungen den Verzicht auf häufig teure adjunktive Therapiestrategien. Dennoch hat die Etablierung neuer supportiver und adjunktiver Strategien, insbesondere die frühe zielgerichtete Kreislauftherapie, die niedrig dosierte Hydrokortisonsubstitution sowie die Anwendung von aktiviertem Protein C, nach Jahren der Stagnation zu Fortschritten geführt. Parallel belegen Ergebnisse zur Versorgungsforschung des deutschen Kompetenznetzwerks Sepsis („SepNet“) eindrucksvoll, dass einer guten Kenntnis der aktuellen Studienlage und dem erklärten Willen, diese zu implementieren, eine mangelhafte Umsetzung in die Routine gegenübersteht. Hier ist durch „change management“ (wie Einführung von „sepsis bundles“) ein erhebliches Potenzial für Verbesserungen im Hinblick auf die durch die „surviving sepsis campaign“ angestrebte Verringerung der Sterblichkeitsrate um 25% innerhalb der nächsten 5 Jahre zu erwarten.
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Metadaten
Titel
Sepsis
Aktuelle Aspekte zu Pathophysiologie, Diagnostik und Therapie
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. M. Bauer
F. Brunkhorst
T. Welte
H. Gerlach
K. Reinhart
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2006
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 8/2006
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-006-1034-3

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