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American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
Erschienen in: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology 6/2021

20.07.2021 | Review Article

Ceramides in Skin Health and Disease: An Update

verfasst von: Yoshikazu Uchida, Kyungho Park

Erschienen in: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology | Ausgabe 6/2021

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Abstract

Ceramides are a class of sphingolipid that is the backbone structure for all sphingolipids, such as glycosphingolipids and phosphosphingolipids. While being a minor constituent of cellular membranes, ceramides are the major lipid component (along with cholesterol, free fatty acid, and other minor components) of the intercellular spaces of stratum corneum that forms the epidermal permeability barrier. These stratum corneum ceramides consist of unique heterogenous molecular species that have only been identified in terrestrial mammals. Alterations of ceramide molecular profiles are characterized in skin diseases associated with compromised permeability barrier functions, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and xerosis. In addition, hereditary abnormalities of some ichthyoses are associated with an epidermal unique ceramide species, omega-O-acylceramide. Ceramides also serve as lipid modulators to regulate cellular functions, including cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis, and it has been demonstrated that changes in ceramide metabolism also cause certain diseases. In addition, ceramide metabolites, sphingoid bases, sphingoid base-1-phosphate and ceramide-1-phosphate are also lipid mediators that regulate cellular functions. In this review article, we describe diverse physiological and pathological roles of ceramides and their metabolites in epidermal permeability barrier function, epidermal cell proliferation and differentiation, immunity, and cutaneous diseases. Finally, we summarize the utilization of ceramides as therapy to treat cutaneous disease.
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Metadaten
Titel
Ceramides in Skin Health and Disease: An Update
verfasst von
Yoshikazu Uchida
Kyungho Park
Publikationsdatum
20.07.2021
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology / Ausgabe 6/2021
Print ISSN: 1175-0561
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1888
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-021-00619-2

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