Background
Methods
Study population
Measurement
Outcome measurement
Statistical analysis
Results
Demographics and prevalence of UEMDs in municipal waste collectors
n(%) | |
---|---|
Gender | |
Male | 525(85.2) |
Female | 91(14.8) |
Age (years) | |
≦35 | 94(15.3) |
36–55 | 367(59.9) |
≧56 | 152(24.8) |
Education | |
≦Junior high | 175(28.3) |
Senior high | 254(41.1) |
≧College | 189(30.6) |
Job title | |
Collectors | 467(75.3) |
Driver | 81(13.1) |
Other | 72(11.6) |
Work duration (months) | |
≦24 | 54(14.9) |
25–239 | 208(57.5) |
≧240 | 100(27.6) |
Work schedule | |
Fixed | 581(94.3) |
Non-fixed | 35(5.7) |
Marital status | |
Single | 124(20.2) |
Married | 422(68.8) |
Other | 67(10.9) |
Income (NTD/month) | |
≦50,000 | 573(95.0) |
> 50,000 | 30(5.0) |
Male (N = 499) | Female (N = 90) | Total (N = 589) | p-value | |
Elbow | 138(27.7) | 25(27.8) | 163 (27.6) | 0.981 |
Shoulder | 265(53.1) | 65(72.2) | 330(56.0) | < 0.001 |
Upper back | 115(23.0) | 27(30.0) | 142(24.1) | 0.156 |
Hand/wrist | 166(33.3) | 29(32.2) | 195(33.1) | 0.846 |
Determinants of UEMDs
Low JS (N = 166) n(%) | High JS (N = 428) n% | AOR | 95%LCL | 95%UCL | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Elbow | 54(32.5) | 111(25.9) | 0.63 | 0.37 | 1.08 |
Shoulder | 106(63.9) | 226(52.8) | 0.63 | 0.38 | 1.03 |
Upper back | 58(34.9) | 85(19.9) | 0.45** | 0.26 | 0.79 |
Hand/wrist | 59(41.6) | 127(29.7) | 0.48** | 0.29 | 0.79 |
ERI < 1 (N = 400) n(%) | ERI≧1 (N = 194) n% | AOR | 95%L | 95%U | |
Elbow | 95(23.8) | 70(36.1) | 2.38** | 1.42 | 4.01 |
Shoulder | 209(52.2) | 123(63.4) | 1.70* | 1.06 | 2.74 |
Upper back | 78(19.5) | 65(33.5) | 2.27** | 1.3 | 3.95 |
Hand/wrist | 116(29.0) | 80(41.2) | 2.4** | 1.45 | 3.95 |
Moderation effects of social support and ERI on UEMDs
Elbow | Shoulder | Upper back | Hand/wrist | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ERI | Social support | OR(95%CI) | OR(95%CI) | OR(95%CI) | OR(95%CI) |
Low | High | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Low | Low | 0.88 (0.38–2.04) | 0.95 (0.49–1.87) | 2.37* (1.05–5.35) | 1.39 (0.65–2.98) |
High | High | 1.76 (0.89–3.45) | 1.14 (0.63–2.08) | 2.38* (1.13–5.01) | 1.77 (0.91–3.43) |
High | Low | 3.11** (1.58–6.13) | 2.79** (1.39–5.56) | 3.39** (1.64–7.00) | 3.83** (1.98–7.41) |
Synergy index | 3.32 | 18.24 | 0.87 | 2.45 |
UEMDs | Direct effect of ERI on UEMDs | Indirect effect of JS on ERI and UEMDs | Percentage of indirect effect |
---|---|---|---|
ß (SE) | ß (SE) | ||
Elbow | 0.869**(0.343) | 0.133(0.194) | 13.3% |
Shoulder | 1.776**(0.400) | 0.325(0.181) | 15.5% |
Upper back | 1.195**(0.374) | 0.203(0.208) | 14.5% |
Hand/wrist | 1.249**(0.354) | 0.077(0.182) | 5.8% |