nach oben

memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology

Erschienen in:

22.06.2021 | case report

Primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis: report of three pediatric cases and review of the literature

verfasst von: Giovanna Pezzullo, MD, Lorenzo Ugga, Renato Cuocolo, Teresa Perillo, Alessandra D’Amico

Erschienen in: memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology | Ausgabe 3/2021

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Summary

Primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis is a rare and very aggressive neoplasm with only 6 pediatric cases reported so far. Recognizing this condition is unfortunately difficult due to the nonspecific clinical presentation. Nevertheless, imaging may help in a timely diagnosis that can better direct the management of these patients, especially in the light of the rapidly ominous course of the pathology. We describe three cases of pediatric primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis and review the literature regarding this entity, focusing on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Fujimori K, Sakai K, Higashiyama F, et al. Primary central nervous system malignant melanoma with leptomeningeal melanomatosis: a case report and review of the literature. Neurosurg Rev. 2018;41:333–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-017-0914-0.CrossRefPubMed

Smith AB, Rushing EJ, Smirniotopoulos JG. Pigmented lesions of the central nervous system: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2009;29:1503–24. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.295095109.CrossRefPubMed

Lee HJ, Ahn B‑C, Hwang SW, et al. F‑18 Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT and post hoc PET/MRI in a case of primary meningeal melanomatosis. Korean J Radiol. 2013;14:343. https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2013.14.2.343.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Pedersen M, Küsters-Vandevelde HVN, Viros A, et al. Primary melanoma of the CNS in children is driven by congenital expression of oncogenic NRAS in melanocytes. Cancer Discov. 2013;3:458–69. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-0464.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, et al. The 2016 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system: a summary. Acta Neuropathol. 2016;131:803–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-016-1545-1.CrossRefPubMed

Eichberg DG, Achua JK, Locatelli E, et al. Primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis: case report and review of the literature. World Neurosurg. 2019;122:648–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2018.11.163.CrossRefPubMed

Luke JJ, Flaherty KT, Ribas A, Long GV. Targeted agents and immunotherapies: optimizing outcomes in melanoma. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017;14:463–82. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.43.CrossRefPubMed

Küsters-Vandevelde HVN, Küsters B, van Engen-van Grunsven ACH, et al. Primary melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system: a review with focus on molecular aspects. Brain Pathol. 2015;25:209–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/bpa.12241.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hayward RD. Malignant melanoma and the central nervous system. A guide for classification based on the clinical findings. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1976;39:526–30. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.39.6.526.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

10.

Enochs WS, Petherick P, Bogdanova A, et al. Paramagnetic metal scavenging by melanin: MR imaging. Radiology. 1997;204:417–23. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.204.2.9240529.CrossRefPubMed

11.

Basiri K, Dashti M, Fatehi F. Malignant cutaneous melanoma associated with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Neurosciences (Riyadh). 2010;15:190–2.

12.

Lima L, Oliveira A, Campos L, et al. Malignant transformation in melanocytes is associated with increased production of procoagulant microvesicles. Thromb Haemost. 2011;106:712–23. https://doi.org/10.1160/TH11-03-0143.CrossRefPubMed

13.

Xu X, Zheng Y, Li J, et al. Pediatric primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99:e19178. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000019178.CrossRef

14.

Tolnai G, Campbell JS, Hill DP, et al. Primary malignant melanomatosis of leptomeninges. Arch Neurol. 1966;15:404–9. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1966.00470160070010.CrossRefPubMed

15.

Aichner F, Schuler G. Primary leptomeningeal melanoma. Diagnosis by ultrastructural cytology of cerebrospinal fluid and cranial computed tomography. Cancer. 1982;50:1751–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19821101)50:9<1751::AID-CNCR2820500918>3.0.CO;2-Q.CrossRef

16.

Gaetani P, Martelli A, Sessa F, et al. Diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis of the spinal cord: a case report. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1993;121:206–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01809277.CrossRef

17.

Nicolaides P, Newton RW, Kelsey A. Primary malignant melanoma of meninges: Atypical presentation of subacute meningitis. Pediatr Neurol. 1995;12:172–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/0887-8994(94)00155-U.CrossRefPubMed

18.

Monsó G, Vernet A, Cusí V, et al. Primary leptomeningeal melanomatosis in a 6-year-old child. Rev Neurol. 1996;24:87–90.PubMed

19.

Makin GWJ, Eden OB, Lashford LS, et al. Leptomeningeal melanoma in childhood. Cancer. 1999;86:878–86. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19990901)86:5<878::AID-CNCR26>3.0.CO;2-Y.CrossRef

20.

Celli P, Acqui M, Trillò G, et al. Primary leptomeningeal melanomatosis: early leptomeningeal enhancement on MRI. J Neurosurg Sci. 2001;45:235–40.PubMed

21.

Tosaka M, Tamura M, Oriuchi N, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid immunocytochemical analysis and neuroimaging in the diagnosis of primary leptomeningeal melanoma. J Neurosurg. 2001;94:528–32. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.2001.94.3.0528.CrossRefPubMed

22.

Schneider F, Putzier M. Primary leptomeningeal melanoma. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002;27:E545–E7. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200212150-00026.CrossRef

23.

Pirini MG, Mascalchi M, Salvi F, et al. Primary diffuse meningeal melanomatosis: Radiologic-pathologic correlation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2003;24(1):115–8PubMedPubMedCentral

24.

Bobba R, Arsura E. Cognitive decline in an elderly hospitalized patient with primary leptomeningeal melanomatosis. South Med J. 2004;97:1118–20. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.SMJ.0000136229.27817.45.CrossRefPubMed

25.

Demir MK, Yapicier O, Onat E, et al. Rare and challenging extra-axial brain lesions: CT and MRI findings with clinico-radiological differential diagnosis and pathological correlation. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2014;20:448–52. https://doi.org/10.5152/dir.2014.14031.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

26.

Bocquillon P, Berteloot A‑S, Maurage C‑A, et al. Mélanome malin leptoméningé primitif : une étiologie rare de pachy- et leptoméningite. Rev Neurol (Paris). 2010;166:927–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2010.03.011.CrossRef

27.

Liubinas SV, Maartens N, Drummond KJ. Primary melanocytic neoplasms of the central nervous system. J Clin Neurosci. 2010;17:1227–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2010.01.017.CrossRefPubMed

28.

Michael BD, Syndikus I, Clark A, Baborie A. Diffuse primary leptomeningeal melanocytosis in a patient receiving a novel cancer cell vaccine for prostate cancer. Case Reports. 2010; https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr.11.2009.2495.CrossRef

29.

Zadro I, Brinar VV, Barun B, et al. Primary diffuse meningeal melanomatosis. Neurologist. 2010;16:117–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/NRL.0b013e3181c29ef8.CrossRefPubMed

30.

Arias M, Alberte-Woodward M, Arias S, et al. Primary malignant meningeal melanomatosis: A clinical, radiological and pathologic case study. Acta Neurol Belg. 2011;111(3):228–31.PubMed

31.

Ng RYT, Siu DYW, Wong GKC, et al. An uncommon mimic of spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage. Hong Kong Med J. 2013;19(1):80–1.PubMed

32.

Trinh V, Medina-Flores R, Taylor C, et al. Primary melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system: Report of two cases and review of literature. Surg Neurol Int. 2014;5:147. https://doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.142795.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

33.

Kim D‑H, Choi C‑Y, Lee C‑H, Joo M. Primary intracranial leptomeningeal melanomatosis. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2015;58:554. https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2015.58.6.554.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

34.

Jacob M, Delfort F, Heliette C, Renard D. Brain 18F-choline PET/CT in primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis. Acta Neurol Belg. 2016;116:647–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-015-0586-x.CrossRefPubMed

35.

Szathmari A, Perbet R, Hermier M, et al. Primary amelanotic leptomeningeal melanomatosis in a child: A rare but severe disease. World Neurosurg. 2016;92:581.e15–581.e20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2016.06.039.CrossRef

36.

Angelino G, De Pasquale MD, De Sio L, et al. NRASQ61K mutated primary leptomeningeal melanoma in a child: Case presentation and discussion on clinical and diagnostic implications. BMC Cancer. 2016; https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-016-2556-y.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

37.

Padilla-Vázquez F, Escobar-de la Garma VH, Ayala-Arcipreste A, et al. Melanocitoma y melanomatosis meníngea, lesiones similares pero diferentes. Cir Cir. 2017;85:273–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.circir.2016.11.006.CrossRefPubMed

38.

Aslan S, Gocmen R, Acar NP, et al. Two cases of primary leptomeningeal melanomatosis mimicking subacute meningitis. Neuroradiol J. 2018;31:42–6. https://doi.org/10.1177/1971400917708581.CrossRefPubMed

39.

Koziorowska-Gawron E, Kaczorowski M, Bladowska J, et al. Diagnostic difficulties in primary Pauci-melanotic leptomeningeal melanomatosis. Eur Neurol. 2018;80:68–70. https://doi.org/10.1159/000493197.CrossRefPubMed

40.

Girolami I, Cima L, Ghimenton C, et al. NRASQ61K mutated diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis in an adult patient with a brief review of the so-called “forme fruste” of neurocutaneous melanosis. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2018;35:217–23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10014-018-0328-x.CrossRefPubMed

41.

Garbacz T, Osuchowski M, Bartosik-Psujek H. Primary diffuse meningeal melanomatosis – a rare form of meningeal melanoma: case report. BMC Neurol. 2019;19:271. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-019-1460-x.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

42.

Ma Y, Xing X, Li Y, et al. Brain atrophy associated with primary diffuse meningeal melanomatosis. World Neurosurg. 2020;136:311–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.01.164.CrossRefPubMed

43.

Isiklar I, Leeds NE, Fuller GN, Kumar AJ. Intracranial metastatic melanoma: correlation between MR imaging characteristics and melanin content. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995;165:1503–12. https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.165.6.7484597.CrossRefPubMed

44.

Gaviani P, Mullins ME, Braga TA, et al. Improved detection of metastatic melanoma by T2*-weighted imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(3):605–8PubMedPubMedCentral

45.

Schwarz D, Niederle T, Münch P, Hielscher T, Hassel JC, Schlemmer HP, Platten M, Winkler F, Wick W, Heiland S, Delorme S, Bendszus M, Bäumer P, Breckwoldt MO. Susceptibility-weighted imaging in malignant melanoma brain metastasis. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2019,50(4):1251–1259. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.26692.CrossRefPubMed

46.

Fischer EG, Ruf W, Mueller BM. Tissue factor-initiated thrombin generation activates the signaling thrombin receptor on malignant melanoma cells. Cancer Res. 1995;55:1629–32.PubMed

47.

Balakrishnan R, Porag R, Asif DS, et al. Primary intracranial melanoma with early leptomeningeal spread: A case report and treatment options available. Case Rep Oncol Med. 2015; https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/293802.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

48.

Robert C, Long GV, Brady B, et al. Nivolumab in previously untreated melanoma without BRAF mutation. N Engl J Med. 2015; https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa1412082.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

49.

Harding JJ, Catalanotti F, Munhoz RR, et al. A retrospective evaluation of vemurafenib as treatment for BRAF-mutant melanoma brain metastases. Oncologist. 2015;20:789–97. https://doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0012.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Titel: Primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis: report of three pediatric cases and review of the literature
verfasst von: Giovanna Pezzullo, MD
Lorenzo Ugga
Renato Cuocolo
Teresa Perillo
Alessandra D’Amico
Publikationsdatum: 22.06.2021
Verlag: Springer Vienna
Erschienen in: memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology / Ausgabe 3/2021
Print ISSN: 1865-5041
Elektronische ISSN: 1865-5076
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12254-021-00720-6

Springer Medizin

Primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis: report of three pediatric cases and review of the literature

Summary

Neu im Fachgebiet Onkologie

Erhöhte Mortalität bei postpartalem Brustkrebs

Hypertherme Chemotherapie bietet Chance auf Blasenerhalt

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

Bessere Prognose mit links- statt rechtsseitigem Kolon-Ca.

Update Onkologie

Springer Medizin

Summary

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2021

San Antonio 2020 update—the top 3 surgical abstracts

Decision making in hematology—chronic myeloid leukemia

Therapy concepts in the context of precision medicine for pediatric malignancies—children are not adults

Rehabilitation for children and adolescents after cancer: importance and implementation in Austria

Innovative therapy concepts for pediatric brain tumors

Clinically relevant infections in hematology and oncology: bacterial infections and the role of novel antibiotics in times of multidrug resistance

Neu im Fachgebiet Onkologie

Erhöhte Mortalität bei postpartalem Brustkrebs

Hypertherme Chemotherapie bietet Chance auf Blasenerhalt

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

Bessere Prognose mit links- statt rechtsseitigem Kolon-Ca.

Update Onkologie