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Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie 4/2021

09.03.2021 | Coxarthrose | Leitthema

Welchen Nutzen hat die Rekonstruktion der patientenindividuellen Anatomie beim endoprothetischen Hüftgelenkersatz?

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Christian Merle, M.Sc., Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Moritz M. Innmann, Dr. med. Fabian Westhauser, Assoz. Prof. Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. univ. et scient. med. Patrick Sadoghi, Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Tobias Renkawitz

Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie | Ausgabe 4/2021

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

In der primären Endoprothetik des Hüftgelenkes wird der Erfolg der Operation maßgeblich von der Primärstabilität des Implantates und der Wiederherstellung der patientenindividuellen Gelenkbiomechanik bestimmt. Die dreidimensionale (Patho‑)Anatomie, Größenverhältnisse, Geometrie und Form des Azetabulums und proximalen Femurs sind bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittener Koxarthrose hochvariabel. Eine präzise präoperative Planung gilt daher als wesentliche Voraussetzung jedes Eingriffes.

Aktuelle Situation

Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse belegen über Surrogatparameter (Offset und Beinlänge) patientenzentrierte Vorteile bei der Rekonstruktion einer funktionellen Gelenkgeometrie nach endoprothetischer Versorgung des Hüftgelenks. Die häufig in der Literatur zitierten „Zielzonen“ für die Positionierung der Pfanne stehen zunehmend im Fokus der wissenschaftlichen Diskussion. Individuell angepasste Zielzonen für die Implantatpositionierung ermöglichen potentiell eine Verringerung von Anschlagsphänomenen. Patienten nach Spondylodesen bzw. pathologischem spinopelvinem Alignement bedürfen im Besonderen einer patientenindividuellen Vorbereitung, Operationstechnik und Implantatwahl, um das Risiko für postoperative Instabilitäten zu verringern.
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Metadaten
Titel
Welchen Nutzen hat die Rekonstruktion der patientenindividuellen Anatomie beim endoprothetischen Hüftgelenkersatz?
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. Christian Merle, M.Sc.
Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Moritz M. Innmann
Dr. med. Fabian Westhauser
Assoz. Prof. Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. univ. et scient. med. Patrick Sadoghi
Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Tobias Renkawitz
Publikationsdatum
09.03.2021
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Orthopädie / Ausgabe 4/2021
Print ISSN: 2731-7145
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7153
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-021-04087-8

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