Impact statements
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The Medication Adherence Universal Questionnaire (MAUQ®) is an open access universal medication adherence instrument that should be carefully translated into different languages.
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The MAUQ is an instrument used to assess medication-taking behaviour and provides four subscores representing four areas of beliefs about medication use: positive attitudes towards health care and medication, lack of discipline, aversion towards medication, and active coping with health problems.
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The performance of the MAUQ in different populations and appropriate cut-offs should be determined in future specific studies.
Introduction
Aim
Ethics approval
Method
Instruments
Instrument | Created | Num. items | Overall score | Target population |
---|---|---|---|---|
MUAH | Wetzels et al. [12] | 25 | No | Hypertensive patients |
MUAH-16 | Cabral et al. [13] | 16 | Yes | Hypertensive patients |
MAUQ | Cabral et al. | 16 | Yes | Chronic medicines users |
Study design
Data analysis
Results
N = 300 | MUAH-16 mean (SD) | MAUQ mean (SD) | Pearson’s r (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
Overall score | 83.37 (8.85) | 84.09 (8.91) | 0.946 (0.933 : 0.957) |
Positive attitude towards health care and medication | 25.49 (2.49) | 25.68 (2.23) | 0.846 (0.810 : 0.875) |
Lack of discipline | 23.88 (4.69) | 23.88 (4.69) | – |
Aversion towards medication | 15.64 (5.51) | 15.46 (5.75) | 0.963 (0.953 : 0.970) |
Active coping with health problems | 18.36 (4.40) | 19.06 (3.98) | 0.855 (0.821 : 0.883) |
Instrument | Component | Overall | PAM | LD | ATM | ACHP |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MUAH-16 | Overall | 1 | ||||
PAM | 0.442 | 1 | ||||
LD | 0.631 | 0.148 | 1 | |||
ATM | 0.707 | 0.149 | 0.306 | 1 | ||
ACHP | 0.203 | ns | − 0.263 | − 0.240 | 1 | |
MAUQ | Overall | 1 | ||||
PAM | 0.439 | 1 | ||||
LD | 0.651 | 0.135 | 1 | |||
ATM | 0.742 | 0.153 | 0.326 | 1 | ||
ACHP | 0.155 | ns | − 0.267 | − 0.252 | 1 |
Second order 4-factor model | Bifactor model | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
MAUQ | MUAH-16 | MAUQ | MUAH-16 | |
χ2 | 159.913 | 156.761 | 108.645 | 111.873 |
Degrees of freedom | 100 | 100 | 88 | 88 |
CFI | 0.930 | 0.934 | 0.976 | 0.974 |
RMSEA (CI) | 0.045 (0.031 : 0.057) | 0.043 (0.030 : 0.056) | 0.028 (0.001 : 0.044) | 0.030 (0.005 : 0.046) |
SRMR | 0.061 | 0.060 | 0.044 | 0.043 |