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2022 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Natürlicher Verlauf

verfasst von : Münevver Demir, Hans-Michael Steffen

Erschienen in: Nicht-alkoholische Fettlebererkrankung

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Die nicht-alkoholische Fettlebererkrankung (NAFLD) ist die häufigste chronische Lebererkrankung mit einer weltweiten Prävalenz von 20–30 %. Dabei spiegelt die Prävalenz der NAFLD den kontinuierlichen Anstieg der Adipositas weltweit wider. Histologisch reicht das Spektrum der NAFLD von einer isolierten Steatose (nicht-alkoholische Fettleber, NAFL) bis hin zur nicht-alkoholischen Steatohepatitis (NASH). In einigen Fällen zeigt sich eine Fibroseprogression bis hin zur manifesten Leberzirrhose mit einem erhöhten Risiko für ein hepatozelluläres Karzinom (HCC), welches auch in nichtzirrhotischen Lebern entstehen kann und damit eine Herausforderung für die Überwachung der hohen Anzahl an Patienten darstellt. Der natürliche Verlauf der NAFLD ist sehr variabel, wobei der entscheidende Prognosefaktor das vorliegende Fibrosestadium ist. Die NAFLD ist stark mit dem metabolischen Syndrom und dem Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 assoziiert und ein unabhängiger Risikofaktor für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen. Außerhalb einer fortgeschrittenen Fibrose bzw. Leberzirrhose sind kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse und extra-hepatische Malignome daher eine häufigere Todesursache als leberspezifische Komplikationen. Aus diesem Grund kommt der frühzeitigen Behandlung der metabolischen Begleiterkrankungen der NAFLD eine besondere Bedeutung als Präventionsmaßnahme zu.
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Zurück zum Zitat Younossi Z, Stepanova M, Ong JP, Jacobson IM, Bugianesi E, Duseja A, Eguchi Y, Wong VW, Negro F, Negro F, Yilmaz Y, Romero-Gomez M, George J, Ahmed A, Wong R, Younossi I, Ziayee M, Afendy A, C. Global Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (2019) Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is the fastest growing cause of hepatocellular carcinoma in liver transplant candidates. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 17(4):748–755 e743PubMedCrossRef Younossi Z, Stepanova M, Ong JP, Jacobson IM, Bugianesi E, Duseja A, Eguchi Y, Wong VW, Negro F, Negro F, Yilmaz Y, Romero-Gomez M, George J, Ahmed A, Wong R, Younossi I, Ziayee M, Afendy A, C. Global Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (2019) Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is the fastest growing cause of hepatocellular carcinoma in liver transplant candidates. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 17(4):748–755 e743PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Younossi ZM, Koenig AB, Abdelatif D, Fazel Y, Henry L, Wymer M (2016) Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology 64(1):73–84PubMedCrossRef Younossi ZM, Koenig AB, Abdelatif D, Fazel Y, Henry L, Wymer M (2016) Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology 64(1):73–84PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Natürlicher Verlauf
verfasst von
Münevver Demir
Hans-Michael Steffen
Copyright-Jahr
2022
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62484-5_2

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