6. Neurologische Komplikationen der Kollagenosen

Zurück zum Zitat Bertsias GK, Ioannidis JP, Aringer M, Bollen E, Bombardieri S, Bruce IN, Cervera R, Dalakas M, Doria A, Hanly JG, Huizinga TW, Isenberg D, Kallenberg C, Piette JC, Schneider M, Scolding N, Smolen J, Stara A, Tassiulas I, Tektonidou M, Tincani A, Buchem MA van, Vollenhoven R van, Ward M, Gordon C, Boumpas DT (2010) EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus with neuropsychiatric manifestations: report of a task force of the EULAR standing committee for clinical affairs. Ann Rheum Dis 69:2074–2082CrossRefPubMed Bertsias GK, Ioannidis JP, Aringer M, Bollen E, Bombardieri S, Bruce IN, Cervera R, Dalakas M, Doria A, Hanly JG, Huizinga TW, Isenberg D, Kallenberg C, Piette JC, Schneider M, Scolding N, Smolen J, Stara A, Tassiulas I, Tektonidou M, Tincani A, Buchem MA van, Vollenhoven R van, Ward M, Gordon C, Boumpas DT (2010) EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus with neuropsychiatric manifestations: report of a task force of the EULAR standing committee for clinical affairs. Ann Rheum Dis 69:2074–2082CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Daniels TE (1984) Labial salivary gland biopsy in Sjögren’s syndrome. Assessment as a diagnostic criterion in 362 suspected cases. Arthritis Rheum 27:147–156CrossRefPubMed Daniels TE (1984) Labial salivary gland biopsy in Sjögren’s syndrome. Assessment as a diagnostic criterion in 362 suspected cases. Arthritis Rheum 27:147–156CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Delalande S, Seze J de, Fauchais AL, Hachulla E, Stojkovic T, Ferriby D et al (2004) Neurologic manifestations in primary Sjögren syndrome: a study of 82 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 83:280–291CrossRef Delalande S, Seze J de, Fauchais AL, Hachulla E, Stojkovic T, Ferriby D et al (2004) Neurologic manifestations in primary Sjögren syndrome: a study of 82 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 83:280–291CrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Farrell DA, Medsger TA Jr (1982) Trigeminal neuropathy in progressive systemic sclerosis. Am J Med 73:57–62CrossRefPubMed Farrell DA, Medsger TA Jr (1982) Trigeminal neuropathy in progressive systemic sclerosis. Am J Med 73:57–62CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Fox RI (2005) Sjögren’s syndrome. Lancet 366:321–331CrossRefPubMed Fox RI (2005) Sjögren’s syndrome. Lancet 366:321–331CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Gøransson LG, Herigstad A, Tjensvoll AB, Harboe E, Mellgren SI, Omdal R (2006) Peripheral neuropathy in primary sjogren syndrome: a population-based study. Arch Neurol 63:1612–1615CrossRefPubMed Gøransson LG, Herigstad A, Tjensvoll AB, Harboe E, Mellgren SI, Omdal R (2006) Peripheral neuropathy in primary sjogren syndrome: a population-based study. Arch Neurol 63:1612–1615CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Hanly JG, Urowitz MB, Siannis F, Farewell V, Gordon C, Bae SC, Isenberg D, Dooley MA, Clarke A, Bernatsky S, Gladman D, Fortin PR, Manzi S, Steinsson K, Bruce IN, Ginzler E, Aranow C, Wallace DJ, Ramsey-Goldman R, Vollenhoven R van, Sturfelt G, Nived O, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Alarcón GS, Petri M, Khamashta M, Zoma A, Font J, Kalunian K, Douglas J, Qi Q, Thompson K, Merrill JT (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics) (2008) Autoantibodies and neuropsychiatric events at the time of systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis: results from an international inception cohort study. Arthritis Rheum 58:843–853 Hanly JG, Urowitz MB, Siannis F, Farewell V, Gordon C, Bae SC, Isenberg D, Dooley MA, Clarke A, Bernatsky S, Gladman D, Fortin PR, Manzi S, Steinsson K, Bruce IN, Ginzler E, Aranow C, Wallace DJ, Ramsey-Goldman R, Vollenhoven R van, Sturfelt G, Nived O, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Alarcón GS, Petri M, Khamashta M, Zoma A, Font J, Kalunian K, Douglas J, Qi Q, Thompson K, Merrill JT (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics) (2008) Autoantibodies and neuropsychiatric events at the time of systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis: results from an international inception cohort study. Arthritis Rheum 58:843–853

Zurück zum Zitat Hanly JG, Urowitz MB, Su L, Bae SC, Gordon C, Wallace DJ, Clarke A, Bernatsky S, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Alarcón GS, Gladman DD, Fortin PR, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Romero-Diaz J, Merrill JT, Ginzler E, Bruce IN, Steinsson K, Khamashta M, Petri M, Manzi S, Dooley MA, Ramsey-Goldman R, Vollenhoven R van, Nived O, Sturfelt G, Aranow C, Kalunian K, Ramos-Casals M, Zoma A, Douglas J, Thompson K, Farewell V (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics) (2010) Prospective analysis of neuropsychiatric events in an international disease inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 69:529–535 Hanly JG, Urowitz MB, Su L, Bae SC, Gordon C, Wallace DJ, Clarke A, Bernatsky S, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Alarcón GS, Gladman DD, Fortin PR, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Romero-Diaz J, Merrill JT, Ginzler E, Bruce IN, Steinsson K, Khamashta M, Petri M, Manzi S, Dooley MA, Ramsey-Goldman R, Vollenhoven R van, Nived O, Sturfelt G, Aranow C, Kalunian K, Ramos-Casals M, Zoma A, Douglas J, Thompson K, Farewell V (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics) (2010) Prospective analysis of neuropsychiatric events in an international disease inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 69:529–535

Zurück zum Zitat Hochberg MC (1997) Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 40:1725CrossRefPubMed Hochberg MC (1997) Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 40:1725CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Jara LJ, Pacheco-Reyes H, Medina G, Angeles U, Cruz-Cruz P, Saavedra MA (2007) Prolactin levels are associated with lupus activity, lupus anticoagulant, and poor outcome in pregnancy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1108:218–226CrossRefPubMed Jara LJ, Pacheco-Reyes H, Medina G, Angeles U, Cruz-Cruz P, Saavedra MA (2007) Prolactin levels are associated with lupus activity, lupus anticoagulant, and poor outcome in pregnancy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1108:218–226CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Jennings JE, Sundgren PC, Attwood J, McCune J, Maly P (2004) Value of MRI of the brain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and neurologic disturbance. Neuroradiology 46:15–21CrossRefPubMed Jennings JE, Sundgren PC, Attwood J, McCune J, Maly P (2004) Value of MRI of the brain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and neurologic disturbance. Neuroradiology 46:15–21CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Joven BE, Almodovar R, Carmona L, Carreira PE (2010) Survival, causes of death, and risk factors associated with mortality in Spanish systemic sclerosis patients: results from a single university hospital. Semin Arthritis Rheum 39:285–293CrossRefPubMed Joven BE, Almodovar R, Carmona L, Carreira PE (2010) Survival, causes of death, and risk factors associated with mortality in Spanish systemic sclerosis patients: results from a single university hospital. Semin Arthritis Rheum 39:285–293CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Kaul M, Erkan D, Sammaritano L, Lockshin MD (2007) Assessment of the 2006 revised antiphospholipid syndrome classification criteria. Ann Rheum Dis 66:927–930CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kaul M, Erkan D, Sammaritano L, Lockshin MD (2007) Assessment of the 2006 revised antiphospholipid syndrome classification criteria. Ann Rheum Dis 66:927–930CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Kowal-Bielecka O, Landewé R, Avouac J, Chwiesko S, Miniati I, Czirjak L, Clements P, Denton C, Farge D, Fligelstone K, Földvari I, Furst DE, Müller-Ladner U, Seibold J, Silver RM, Takehara K, Toth BG, Tyndall A, Valentini G, Hoogen F van den, Wigley F, Zulian F, Matucci-Cerinic M (EUSTAR Co-Authors) (2009). EULAR recommendations for the treatment of systemic sclerosis: a report from the EULAR Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR) Ann Rheum Dis 68:620–628 Kowal-Bielecka O, Landewé R, Avouac J, Chwiesko S, Miniati I, Czirjak L, Clements P, Denton C, Farge D, Fligelstone K, Földvari I, Furst DE, Müller-Ladner U, Seibold J, Silver RM, Takehara K, Toth BG, Tyndall A, Valentini G, Hoogen F van den, Wigley F, Zulian F, Matucci-Cerinic M (EUSTAR Co-Authors) (2009). EULAR recommendations for the treatment of systemic sclerosis: a report from the EULAR Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR) Ann Rheum Dis 68:620–628

Zurück zum Zitat Lee P, Bruni J, Sukenik S (1984) Neurological manifestations in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). J Rheumatol 11:480–483PubMed Lee P, Bruni J, Sukenik S (1984) Neurological manifestations in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). J Rheumatol 11:480–483PubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Manger K, Manger B, Repp R, Geisselbrecht M, Geiger A, Pfahlberg A, Harrer T, Kalden JR (2002) Definition of risk factors for death, end stage renal disease, and thromboembolic events in a monocentric cohort of 338 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 61:1065–1070CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Manger K, Manger B, Repp R, Geisselbrecht M, Geiger A, Pfahlberg A, Harrer T, Kalden JR (2002) Definition of risk factors for death, end stage renal disease, and thromboembolic events in a monocentric cohort of 338 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 61:1065–1070CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Masi G, Annunziata P (2016) Sjogren’s syndrome and multiple sclerosis: two sides of the same coin? Autoimmun Rev 15:457–461CrossRefPubMed Masi G, Annunziata P (2016) Sjogren’s syndrome and multiple sclerosis: two sides of the same coin? Autoimmun Rev 15:457–461CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat McClain MT, Heinlen LD, Dennis GJ, Roebuck J, Harley JB, James JA (2005) Early events in lupus humoral autoimmunity suggest initiation through molecular mimicry. Nat Med 11:85–89CrossRefPubMed McClain MT, Heinlen LD, Dennis GJ, Roebuck J, Harley JB, James JA (2005) Early events in lupus humoral autoimmunity suggest initiation through molecular mimicry. Nat Med 11:85–89CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Meijer JM, Meiners PM, Vissink A, Spijkervet FK, Abdulahad W, Kamminga N, Brouwer E, Kallenberg CG, Bootsma H (2010) Effectiveness of rituximab treatment in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 62:960–968CrossRefPubMed Meijer JM, Meiners PM, Vissink A, Spijkervet FK, Abdulahad W, Kamminga N, Brouwer E, Kallenberg CG, Bootsma H (2010) Effectiveness of rituximab treatment in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 62:960–968CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Mitsikostas DD, Sfikakis PP, Goadsby PJ (2004) A meta-analysis for headache in systemic lupus erythematosus: the evidence and the myth. Brain 127:1200–1209CrossRefPubMed Mitsikostas DD, Sfikakis PP, Goadsby PJ (2004) A meta-analysis for headache in systemic lupus erythematosus: the evidence and the myth. Brain 127:1200–1209CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Mori K, Iijima M, Koike H, Hattori N, Tanaka F, Watanabe H et al (2005) The wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in Sjögren’s syndrome-associated neuropathy. Brain 128:2518–2534CrossRefPubMed Mori K, Iijima M, Koike H, Hattori N, Tanaka F, Watanabe H et al (2005) The wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in Sjögren’s syndrome-associated neuropathy. Brain 128:2518–2534CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Moser KL, Kelly JA, Lessard CJ, Harley JB (2009) Recent insights into the genetic basis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Genes Immun 10:373–379CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Moser KL, Kelly JA, Lessard CJ, Harley JB (2009) Recent insights into the genetic basis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Genes Immun 10:373–379CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Muñoz LE, Lauber K, Schiller M, Manfredi AA, Herrmann M (2010) The role of defective clearance of apoptotic cells in systemic autoimmunity. Nat Rev Rheumatol 6:280–289CrossRefPubMed Muñoz LE, Lauber K, Schiller M, Manfredi AA, Herrmann M (2010) The role of defective clearance of apoptotic cells in systemic autoimmunity. Nat Rev Rheumatol 6:280–289CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Pars K, Pul R, Schwenkenbecher P, Sühs KW, Wurster U, Witte T, Bronzlik P, Stangel M, Skripuletz T (2017) Cerebrospinal fluid findings in neurological diseases associated with Sjögren’s syndrome. Eur Neurol 77:91–102CrossRefPubMed Pars K, Pul R, Schwenkenbecher P, Sühs KW, Wurster U, Witte T, Bronzlik P, Stangel M, Skripuletz T (2017) Cerebrospinal fluid findings in neurological diseases associated with Sjögren’s syndrome. Eur Neurol 77:91–102CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Preliminary criteria for the classification of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) (1980) Subcommittee for scleroderma criteria of the American Rheumatism Association Diagnostic and Therapeutic Criteria Committee. Arthritis Rheum 23:581–590CrossRef Preliminary criteria for the classification of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) (1980) Subcommittee for scleroderma criteria of the American Rheumatism Association Diagnostic and Therapeutic Criteria Committee. Arthritis Rheum 23:581–590CrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Radstake TR, Gorlova O, Rueda B, Martin JE, Alizadeh BZ, Palomino-Morales R, Coenen MJ, Vonk MC, Voskuyl AE, Schuerwegh AJ, Broen JC, Riel PL van, van ’t Slot R, Italiaander A, Ophoff RA, Riemekasten G, Hunzelmann N, Simeon CP, Ortego-Centeno N, González-Gay MA, González-Escribano MF; Spanish Scleroderma Group, Airo P, Laar J van, Herrick A, Worthington J, Hesselstrand R, Smith V, Keyser F de, Houssiau F, Chee MM, Madhok R, Shiels P, Westhovens R, Kreuter A, Kiener H, Baere E de, Witte T, Padykov L, Klareskog L, Beretta L, Scorza R, Lie BA, Hoffmann-Vold AM, Carreira P, Varga J, Hinchcliff M, Gregersen PK, Lee AT, Ying J, Han Y, Weng SF, Amos CI, Wigley FM, Hummers L, Nelson JL, Agarwal SK, Assassi S, Gourh P, Tan FK, Koeleman BP, Arnett FC, Martin J, Mayes MD (2010) Genome-wide association study of systemic sclerosis identifies CD247 as a new susceptibility locus. Nat Genet 42:426–429CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Radstake TR, Gorlova O, Rueda B, Martin JE, Alizadeh BZ, Palomino-Morales R, Coenen MJ, Vonk MC, Voskuyl AE, Schuerwegh AJ, Broen JC, Riel PL van, van ’t Slot R, Italiaander A, Ophoff RA, Riemekasten G, Hunzelmann N, Simeon CP, Ortego-Centeno N, González-Gay MA, González-Escribano MF; Spanish Scleroderma Group, Airo P, Laar J van, Herrick A, Worthington J, Hesselstrand R, Smith V, Keyser F de, Houssiau F, Chee MM, Madhok R, Shiels P, Westhovens R, Kreuter A, Kiener H, Baere E de, Witte T, Padykov L, Klareskog L, Beretta L, Scorza R, Lie BA, Hoffmann-Vold AM, Carreira P, Varga J, Hinchcliff M, Gregersen PK, Lee AT, Ying J, Han Y, Weng SF, Amos CI, Wigley FM, Hummers L, Nelson JL, Agarwal SK, Assassi S, Gourh P, Tan FK, Koeleman BP, Arnett FC, Martin J, Mayes MD (2010) Genome-wide association study of systemic sclerosis identifies CD247 as a new susceptibility locus. Nat Genet 42:426–429CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Rihl M, Ulbricht K, Schmidt RE, Witte T (2009) Treatment of sicca symptoms with hydroxychloroquine in patients with Sjogren’s syndrome. Rheumatology 48:796–799CrossRefPubMed Rihl M, Ulbricht K, Schmidt RE, Witte T (2009) Treatment of sicca symptoms with hydroxychloroquine in patients with Sjogren’s syndrome. Rheumatology 48:796–799CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Schady W, Sheard A, Hassell A, Holt L, Jayson MI, Klimiuk P (1991) Peripheral nerve dysfunction in scleroderma. Q J Med 80:661–675PubMed Schady W, Sheard A, Hassell A, Holt L, Jayson MI, Klimiuk P (1991) Peripheral nerve dysfunction in scleroderma. Q J Med 80:661–675PubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Seze J de, Devos D, Castelnovo G, Labauge P, Dubucquoi S, Stojkovic T, Ferriby D, Vermersch P (2001) The prevalence of Sjögren syndrome in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Neurology 57:1359–1363CrossRefPubMed Seze J de, Devos D, Castelnovo G, Labauge P, Dubucquoi S, Stojkovic T, Ferriby D, Vermersch P (2001) The prevalence of Sjögren syndrome in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Neurology 57:1359–1363CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Shiboski CH, Shiboski SC, Seror R, Criswell LA, Labetoulle M, Lietman TM, Rasmussen A, Scofield H, Vitali C, Bowman SJ, Mariette X, International Sjögren’ Syndrome Criteria Working Group 2016 (2017) American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Classification criteria for Primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 69:35–45 Shiboski CH, Shiboski SC, Seror R, Criswell LA, Labetoulle M, Lietman TM, Rasmussen A, Scofield H, Vitali C, Bowman SJ, Mariette X, International Sjögren’ Syndrome Criteria Working Group 2016 (2017) American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Classification criteria for Primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 69:35–45

Zurück zum Zitat Smith V, Vanthuyne M, Vander Cruyssen B, Van Praet J, Vermeiren F, Smets H, Houssiau F, De Keyser F (2008) Over-representation of construction-related occupations in male patients with systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 67:1448–1450CrossRefPubMed Smith V, Vanthuyne M, Vander Cruyssen B, Van Praet J, Vermeiren F, Smets H, Houssiau F, De Keyser F (2008) Over-representation of construction-related occupations in male patients with systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 67:1448–1450CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, Masi AT, McShane DJ, Rothfield NF, Schaller JG, Talal N, Winchester RJ (1982) The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 25:1271–1277CrossRefPubMed Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, Masi AT, McShane DJ, Rothfield NF, Schaller JG, Talal N, Winchester RJ (1982) The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 25:1271–1277CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat The American College of Rheumatology nomenclature and case definitions for neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes. Arthritis Rheum 42:599–608 The American College of Rheumatology nomenclature and case definitions for neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes. Arthritis Rheum 42:599–608

Zurück zum Zitat Tokunaga M, Saito K, Kawabata D, Imura Y, Fujii T, Nakayamada S, Tsujimura S, Nawata M, Iwata S, Azuma T, Mimori T, Tanaka Y (2007) Efficacy of rituximab (anti-CD20) for refractory systemic lupus erythematosus involving the central nervous system. Ann Rheum Dis 66:470–475CrossRefPubMed Tokunaga M, Saito K, Kawabata D, Imura Y, Fujii T, Nakayamada S, Tsujimura S, Nawata M, Iwata S, Azuma T, Mimori T, Tanaka Y (2007) Efficacy of rituximab (anti-CD20) for refractory systemic lupus erythematosus involving the central nervous system. Ann Rheum Dis 66:470–475CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Tyndall AJ, Bannert B, Vonk M, Airò P, Cozzi F, Carreira PE, Bancel DF, Allanore Y, Müller-Ladner U, Distler O, Iannone F, Pellerito R, Pileckyte M, Miniati I, Ananieva L, Gurman AB, Damjanov N, Mueller A, Valentini G, Riemekasten G, Tikly M, Hummers L, Henriques MJ, Caramaschi P, Scheja A, Rozman B, Ton E, Kumánovics G, Coleiro B, Feierl E, Szucs G, Von Mühlen CA, Riccieri V, Novak S, Chizzolini C, Kotulska A, Denton C, Coelho PC, Kötter I, Simsek I, Lefebvre PGP de la, Hachulla E, Seibold JR, Rednic S, Stork J, Morovic-Vergles J, Walker UA (2010) Causes and risk factors for death in systemic sclerosis: a study from the EULAR Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) database. Ann Rheum Dis 69:1809–1815CrossRefPubMed Tyndall AJ, Bannert B, Vonk M, Airò P, Cozzi F, Carreira PE, Bancel DF, Allanore Y, Müller-Ladner U, Distler O, Iannone F, Pellerito R, Pileckyte M, Miniati I, Ananieva L, Gurman AB, Damjanov N, Mueller A, Valentini G, Riemekasten G, Tikly M, Hummers L, Henriques MJ, Caramaschi P, Scheja A, Rozman B, Ton E, Kumánovics G, Coleiro B, Feierl E, Szucs G, Von Mühlen CA, Riccieri V, Novak S, Chizzolini C, Kotulska A, Denton C, Coelho PC, Kötter I, Simsek I, Lefebvre PGP de la, Hachulla E, Seibold JR, Rednic S, Stork J, Morovic-Vergles J, Walker UA (2010) Causes and risk factors for death in systemic sclerosis: a study from the EULAR Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) database. Ann Rheum Dis 69:1809–1815CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Uramoto KM, Michet CJ Jr, Thumboo J, Sunku J, O’Fallon WM, Gabriel SE (1999) Trends in the incidence and mortality of systemic lupus erythematosus, 1950–1992. Arthritis Rheum 42:46–50CrossRef Uramoto KM, Michet CJ Jr, Thumboo J, Sunku J, O’Fallon WM, Gabriel SE (1999) Trends in the incidence and mortality of systemic lupus erythematosus, 1950–1992. Arthritis Rheum 42:46–50CrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Versura P, Frigato M, Cellini M, Mulè R, Malavolta N, Campos EC (2007) Diagnostic performance of tear function tests in Sjogren’s syndrome patients. Eye 21:229–237CrossRefPubMed Versura P, Frigato M, Cellini M, Mulè R, Malavolta N, Campos EC (2007) Diagnostic performance of tear function tests in Sjogren’s syndrome patients. Eye 21:229–237CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Wandinger KP, Stangel M, Witte T, Venables P, Charles P, Jarius S, Wildemann B, Probst C, Iking-Konert C, Schneider M (2010) Autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus and primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 62:1198–1200CrossRefPubMed Wandinger KP, Stangel M, Witte T, Venables P, Charles P, Jarius S, Wildemann B, Probst C, Iking-Konert C, Schneider M (2010) Autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus and primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 62:1198–1200CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Weiner SM, Otte A, Schumacher M, Klein R, Gutfleisch J, Brink I, Otto P, Nitzsche EU, Moser E, Peter HH (2000) Diagnosis and monitoring of central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: value of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET. Ann Rheum Dis 59:377–385CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Weiner SM, Otte A, Schumacher M, Klein R, Gutfleisch J, Brink I, Otto P, Nitzsche EU, Moser E, Peter HH (2000) Diagnosis and monitoring of central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: value of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET. Ann Rheum Dis 59:377–385CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Wernicke D, Hess H, Gromnica-Ihle E, Krause A, Schmidt WA (2008) Ultrasonography of salivary glands – a highly specific imaging procedure for diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome. J Rheumatol 35:285–293PubMed Wernicke D, Hess H, Gromnica-Ihle E, Krause A, Schmidt WA (2008) Ultrasonography of salivary glands – a highly specific imaging procedure for diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome. J Rheumatol 35:285–293PubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Witte T, Bierwirth J, Schmidt RE, Matthias T (2006) Antibodies against alpha-fodrin are associated with dry eyes and mouth in the general population. J Rheumatol 33:1713PubMed Witte T, Bierwirth J, Schmidt RE, Matthias T (2006) Antibodies against alpha-fodrin are associated with dry eyes and mouth in the general population. J Rheumatol 33:1713PubMed