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29.12.2023 | Original Contribution

Pre-prandial plasma liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) concentration in humans is inversely associated with hunger sensation in a ghrelin independent manner

verfasst von: María F. Andreoli, Antonela S. Fittipaldi, Daniel Castrogiovanni, Pablo N. De Francesco, Spring Valdivia, Florencia Heredia, Carole Ribet-Travers, Ignacio Mendez, María V. Fasano, Helgi B. Schioth, Suhail A. Doi, Abdella M. Habib, Mario Perello

Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition | Ausgabe 3/2024

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Abstract

Purpose

The liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) is a newly recognized peptide hormone that acts via the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) blunting the effects of ghrelin and displaying ghrelin-independent actions. Since the implications of LEAP2 are beginning to be elucidated, we investigated if plasma LEAP2 concentration varies with feeding status or sex and whether it is associated with glucose metabolism and appetite sensations.

Methods

We performed a single test meal study, in which plasma concentrations of LEAP2, ghrelin, insulin and glucose as well as visual analogue scales for hunger, desire to eat, prospective food consumption, fullness were assessed before and 60 min after breakfast in 44 participants (n = 21 females) with normal weight (NW) or overweight/obesity (OW/OB).

Results

Pre-prandial plasma LEAP2 concentration was ~ 1.6-fold higher whereas ghrelin was ~ 2.0-fold lower in individuals with OW/OB (p < 0.001) independently of sex. After adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and sex, pre-prandial plasma LEAP2 concentration displayed a direct relationship with BMI (β: 0.09; 95%CI: 0.05, 0.13; p < 0.001), fat mass (β: 0.05; 95%CI: 0.01, 0.09; p = 0.010) and glycemia (β: 0.24; 95%CI: 0.05, 0.43; p = 0.021), whereas plasma ghrelin concentration displayed an inverse relationship with BMI and fat mass but not with glycemia. Postprandial plasma LEAP2 concentration increased ~ 58% in females with OW/OB (p = 0.045) but not in females with NW or in males. Pre-prandial plasma LEAP2 concentration displayed an inverse relationship with hunger score (β: − 11.16; 95% CI: − 18.52, − 3.79; p = 0.004), in a BMI-, sex- and ghrelin-independent manner.

Conclusions

LEAP2 emerges as a key hormone implicated in the regulation of metabolism and appetite in humans.

Trial registration

The study was retrospectively registered in clinicaltrials.gov (April 2023). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05815641.

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Titel: Pre-prandial plasma liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) concentration in humans is inversely associated with hunger sensation in a ghrelin independent manner
verfasst von: María F. Andreoli
Antonela S. Fittipaldi
Daniel Castrogiovanni
Pablo N. De Francesco
Spring Valdivia
Florencia Heredia
Carole Ribet-Travers
Ignacio Mendez
María V. Fasano
Helgi B. Schioth
Suhail A. Doi
Abdella M. Habib
Mario Perello
Publikationsdatum: 29.12.2023
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition / Ausgabe 3/2024
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-023-03304-8

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