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European Journal of Nutrition

Erschienen in:

16.10.2023 | Original Contribution

Relationship between dietary macronutrients intake and biological aging: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data

verfasst von: Xu Zhu, Jing Xue, Rehanguli Maimaitituerxun, Hui Xu, Qiaoling Zhou, Quan Zhou, Wenjie Dai, Wenhang Chen

Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition | Ausgabe 1/2024

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the association between macronutrient intake and biological age.

Methods

Data were collected from 26,381 adults who participated in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Two biological ages were estimated using the Klemera-Doubal method (KDM) and PhenoAge algorithms. Biological age acceleration (AA) was computed as the difference between biological age and chronological age. The associations between macronutrient intakes and AA were investigated.

Results

After fully adjusting for confounding factors, negative associations were observed between AA and fiber intake (KDM-AA: β – 0.53, 95% CI – 0.62, – 0.43, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β – 0.30, 95% CI – 0.35, – 0.25, P < 0.05). High-quality carbohydrate intake was associated with decreased AA (KDM-AA: β – 0.57, 95% CI – 0.67, – 0.47, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β – 0.32, 95% CI – 0.37, – 0.26, P < 0.05), while low-quality carbohydrate was associated with increased AA (KDM-AA: β 0.30, 95% CI 0.21, 0.38, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β 0.16, 95% CI 0.11, 0.21, P < 0.05). Plant protein was associated with decreased AA (KDM-AA: β – 0.39, 95% CI – 0.51, – 0.27, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β – 0.21, 95% CI – 0.26, – 0.15, P < 0.05). Long-chain SFA intake increased AA (KDM-AA: β 0.16, 95% CI 0.08, 0.24, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β 0.11, 95% CI 0.07, 0.15, P < 0.05). ω-3 PUFA was associated with decreased KDM-AA (β – 0.18, 95% CI – 0.27, – 0.08, P < 0.05) and PhenoAge acceleration (β – 0.09, 95% CI – 0.13, – 0.04, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that dietary fiber, high-quality carbohydrate, plant protein, and ω-3 PUFA intake may have a protective effect against AA, while low-quality carbohydrate and long-chain SFA intake may increase AA. Therefore, dietary interventions aimed at modifying macronutrient intakes may be useful in preventing or delaying age-related disease and improving overall health.

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Titel: Relationship between dietary macronutrients intake and biological aging: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data
verfasst von: Xu Zhu
Jing Xue
Rehanguli Maimaitituerxun
Hui Xu
Qiaoling Zhou
Quan Zhou
Wenjie Dai
Wenhang Chen
Publikationsdatum: 16.10.2023
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition / Ausgabe 1/2024
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-023-03261-2

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Relationship between dietary macronutrients intake and biological aging: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data