Background
Methods
Patients population
Patients’ characteristics and MRI assessment
Definition of subgroups
Statistical analysis
Results
Patients’ characteristics
Characteristics | Total | Accurate-T-staging | Over-T-staging | Under-T-staging | P Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases | 551 | 392 (69.6%) | 109 (19.4%) | 50 (8.9%) | |
Gender | 0.633 | ||||
Female | 233 (42.3%) | 169 (43.1%) | 46 (42.2%) | 18 (36%) | |
Male | 318 (57.7%) | 223 (56.9%) | 63 (57.8%) | 32 (64%) | |
Age | 59.7 ± 13.4 | 60.2 ± 12.9 | 57.3 ± 14.4 | 61.3 ± 14.4 | 0.102 |
BMI | 22.5 ± 4.19 | 22.5 ± 4.4 | 22.5 ± 3.8 | 22.5 ± 3.4 | 0.998 |
Diabetes Mellitus | 0.157 | ||||
No | 507 (93.9%) | 360 (93%) | 99 (94.3%) | 48 (100%) | |
Yes | 33 (6.1%) | 27 (7%) | 6 (5.7%) | 0 (0%) | |
CEA | 2.73 (0–255) | 2.7 (0–255) | 2.7 (0–197) | 4.5 (1–81) | 0.62 |
CA199 | 10.2 (0–2188) | 10.64 (0–2188) | 7.59 (0–1156) | 10.35 (0–117) | 0.001 |
Bowel Obstruction | 0.008 | ||||
No | 471 (87.5%) | 350 (89.7%) | 88 (79.3%) | 44 (89.8%) | |
Yes | 67 (12.5%) | 40 (10.3%) | 23 (20.7%) | 5 (10.2%) | |
WBC | 6.53 ± 1.93 | 6.54 ± 1.91 | 6.53 ± 2.11 | 6.48 ± 1.71 | 0.984 |
HB | 124.3 ± 21.5 | 125.0 ± 19.5 | 123.4 ± 24.4 | 121.1 ± 28.7 | 0.433 |
PLT | 234.5 ± 78.4 | 237.6 ± 80.1 | 227.2 ± 74.5 | 226.4 ± 72.7 | 0.355 |
ALB | 41.5 ± 6.30 | 41.6 ± 6.10 | 40.8 ± 6.96 | 42.2 ± 6.37 | 0.381 |
Tumor Location | 0.186 | ||||
Upper | 217 (39.4%) | 163 (41.6%) | 37 (33.9%) | 17 (34%) | |
Middle | 141 (25.6%) | 101 (25.8%) | 24 (22%) | 16 (32%) | |
Low | 193 (35%) | 128 (32.7%) | 48 (44%) | 17 (34%) | |
Tumor Size (cm) | 4.07 ± 1.69 | 4.22 ± 1.70 | 3.76 ± 1.70 | 3.60 ± 1.37 | 0.005* |
Histological Subtype | 1 | ||||
Classic Adenocarcinoma | 505 (92%) | 359 (92.1%) | 100 (91.7%) | 46 (92%) | |
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma | 44 (8%) | 31 (7.9%) | 9 (8.3%) | 4 (8%) | |
Differentiation | 0.824 | ||||
Grade 1/2 | 471 (92.4%) | 337 (92.1%) | 91 (94.8%) | 43 (89.6%) | |
Grade 3/4 | 39 (7.6%) | 29 (7.9%) | 5 (5.2%) | 5 (10.4%) | |
MMR Status | 0.823 | ||||
pMMR | 350 (94.1%) | 17 (6.6%) | 4 (4.8%) | 1 (3.1%) | |
dMMR | 22 (5.9%) | 239 (93.4%) | 80 (95.2%) | 31 (96.9%) | |
Ras Mutation | 0.322 | ||||
No | 496 (90%) | 355 (90.6%) | 99 (90.8%) | 42 (84%) | |
Yes | 55 (10%) | 37 (9.4%) | 10 (9.2%) | 8 (16%) |
Characteristics | Accurate-N-staging | Over-N-staging | Under-N-staging | P Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cases | 398 (70.7%) | 78 (13.9%) | 75 (13.3%) | |
Gender | ||||
Female | 171 (43%) | 31 (39.7%) | 31 (41.3%) | 0.853 |
Male | 227 (57%) | 47 (60.3%) | 44 (58.7%) | |
Age | 60.0 ± 13.2 | 58.2 ± 14.3 | 58.7 ± 14.4 | 0.514 |
BMI | 22.5 ± 3.52 | 21.8 ± 4.31 | 23.3 ± 6.44 | 0.048 |
DM | 0.709 | |||
No | 366 (93.6%) | 73 (96.1%) | 68 (93.2%) | |
Yes | 25 (6.4%) | 3 (3.9%) | 5 (6.8%) | |
CEA | 2.69 (0–117) | 3.08 (1–255) | 2.94 (0–81) | 0.152 |
CA199 | 10.27 (0–2188) | 9.57 (0–322) | 10.59 (0–723) | 0.491 |
Bowel Obstruction | < 0.001 | |||
No | 354 (91.5%) | 53 (68.8%) | 64 (86.5%) | |
Yes | 33 (8.5%) | 24 (31.2%) | 10 (13.5%) | |
WBC | 6.37 ± 1.82 | 7.31 ± 2.44 | 6.56 ± 1.71 | 0.924 |
HB | 125.8 ± 20.3 | 119.5 ± 21.7 | 121.3 ± 26.3 | 0.053 |
PLT | 226.9 ± 75.3 | 257.1 ± 91.7 | 253.5 ± 72.8 | 0.001* |
ALB | 41.6 ± 6.74 | 40.5 ± 5.12 | 42.2 ± 4.58 | 0.216 |
Tumor Location | 0.6 | |||
Upper | 152 (38.2%) | 35 (44.9%) | 30 (40%) | |
Middle | 100 (25.1%) | 22 (28.2%) | 19 (25.3%) | |
Low | 146 (36.7%) | 21 (26.9%) | 26 (34.7%) | |
Tumor Size (cm) | 4.11 ± 3.48 | 5.59 ± 3.11 | 4.11 ± 1.71 | < 0.001** |
Histological Subtype | < 0.001 | |||
Classic adenocarcinoma | 374 (94.2%) | 72 (92.3%) | 59 (79.7%) | |
Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 23 (5.8%) | 6 (7.7%) | 15 (20.3%) | |
Differentiation | 0.298 | |||
Well/Moderate | 349 (93.3%) | 68 (90.7%) | 54 (88.5%) | |
Poor | 25 (6.7%) | 7 (9.3%) | 7 (11.5%) | |
MMR Status | 0.3 | |||
pMMR | 251 (94.7%) | 52 (89.7%) | 47 (95.9%) | |
dMMR | 14 (5.3%) | 6 (10.3%) | 2 (4.1%) | |
Ras Mutation | 0.483 | |||
No | 355 (89.2%) | 73 (93.6%) | 68 (90.7%) | |
Yes | 43 (10.8%) | 5 (6.4%) | 7 (9.3%) |
Characteristics | Over-T-staging | Under-T-staging | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | P Value | OR | 95% CI | P Value | |
CEA | 1.001 | 0.988–1.014 | 0.907 | 1.008 | 0.995–1.02 | 0.214 |
CA199 | 0.999 | 0.996–1.002 | 0.374 | 0.998 | 0.993–1.004 | 0.557 |
BMI | 1.003 | 0.947–1.063 | 0.906 | 0.997 | 0.916–1.085 | 0.944 |
WBC | 1.011 | 0.884–1.156 | 0.874 | 1.055 | 0.873–1.275 | 0.578 |
HB | 0.999 | 0.986–1.012 | 0.862 | 0.981 | 0.964–0.998 | 0.027 |
PLT | 0.998 | 0.994–1.001 | 0.163 | 0.998 | 0.994–1.003 | 0.522 |
ALB | 0.98 | 0.942–1.019 | 0.307 | 1.068 | 1.007–1.133 | 0.029 |
Tumor Location | 0.644 | 0.382–1.087 | 0.186 | 0.923 | ||
Upper | 0.656 | 0.368–1.168 | 0.1 | 1.05 | 0.49–2.251 | 0.901 |
Middle | 0.152 | 1.175 | 0.524–2.635 | 0.696 | ||
Low | 1 | 1 | ||||
Histological Subtype | 0.53 | |||||
Classic adenocarcinoma | 1 | 1 | 0.638 | |||
Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 1.316 | 0.558–3.106 | 1.319 | 0.416–4.184 | ||
Tumor Size | 0.837 | 0.717–0.976 | 0.024 | 0.808 | 0.646–1.012 | 0.064 |
Bowel Obstruction | < 0.001 | |||||
No | 1 | 1 | ||||
Yes | 3.12 | 1.662–5.857 | 1.267 | 0.455–3.528 | 0.65 |
Characteristics | Over-N-staging | Under-N-staging | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | P Value | OR | 95% CI | P Value | |
CEA | 1.012 | 1–1.024 | 0.06 | 1.002 | 0.988–1.015 | 0.792 |
CA199 | 0.996 | 0.99–1.001 | 0.147 | 1 | 0.998–1.002 | 0.847 |
BMI | 0.953 | 0.88–1.031 | 0.232 | 1.063 | 1–1.129 | 0.05 |
WBC | 1.174 | 1.007–1.368 | 0.041 | 1.038 | 0.888–1.214 | 0.641 |
HB | 0.993 | 0.977–1.009 | 0.383 | 0.993 | 0.978–1.009 | 0.411 |
PLT | 1 | 0.996–1.003 | 0.838 | 1.002 | 0.998–1.006 | 0.33 |
ALB | 1.002 | 0.953–1.053 | 0.953 | 1.027 | 0.976–1.082 | 0.306 |
Tumor Location | 0.738 | 0.875 | ||||
Upper | 1.216 | 0.629–2.351 | 0.56 | 1.157 | 0.613–2.184 | 0.653 |
Middle | 1.322 | 0.638–2.739 | 0.453 | 1.002 | 0.493–2.036 | 0.995 |
Low | 1 | 1 | ||||
Histological Subtype | 0.285 | < 0.001 | ||||
Classic adenocarcinoma | 1 | 1 | ||||
Mucinous adenocarcinoma | 0.533 | 0.168–1.686 | 4.049 | 1.876–8.772 | ||
Tumor Size | 1.434 | 1.223–1.680 | < 0.001 | 0.953 | 0.806–1.126 | 0.572 |
Bowel Obstruction | < 0.001 | 0.596 | ||||
No | 1 | 1 | ||||
Yes | 3.494 | 1.797–6.794 | 1.243 | 0.556–2.776 |