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European Journal of Applied Physiology

Erschienen in:

23.04.2021 | Invited Review

Role of exercise on visceral adiposity after spinal cord injury: a cardiometabolic risk factor

verfasst von: Jacob A. Goldsmith, Areej N. Ennasr, Gary J. Farkas, David R. Gater, Ashraf S. Gorgey

Erschienen in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Ausgabe 8/2021

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Abstract

Purpose

Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with cardiometabolic disease risk in able-bodied (AB) populations. However, the underlying mechanisms of VAT-induced disease risk are unknown in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Potential mechanisms of VAT-induced cardiometabolic dysfunction in persons with SCI include systemic inflammation, liver adiposity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and anabolic deficiency. Moreover, how exercise interventions impact these mechanisms associated with VAT-induced cardiometabolic dysfunction are still being explored.

Methods

A search for relevant scientific literature about the effects of exercise on VAT and cardiometabolic health was conducted on the PubMed database. Literature from reference lists was also included when appropriate.

Results

Both aerobic and resistance exercise training beneficially impact health and VAT mass via improving mitochondrial function, glucose effectiveness, and inflammatory signaling in SCI and AB populations. Specifically, aerobic exercise appears to also modulate cellular senescence in AB populations and animal models, while resistance exercise seems to augment anabolic signaling in persons with SCI.

Conclusions

The current evidence supports regular engagement in exercise to reduce VAT mass and the adverse effects on cardiometabolic health in persons with SCI. Future research is needed to further elucidate the precise mechanisms by which VAT negatively impacts health following SCI. This will likely facilitate the development of rehabilitation protocols that target VAT reduction in persons with SCI.

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Titel: Role of exercise on visceral adiposity after spinal cord injury: a cardiometabolic risk factor
verfasst von: Jacob A. Goldsmith
Areej N. Ennasr
Gary J. Farkas
David R. Gater
Ashraf S. Gorgey
Publikationsdatum: 23.04.2021
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: European Journal of Applied Physiology / Ausgabe 8/2021
Print ISSN: 1439-6319
Elektronische ISSN: 1439-6327
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-021-04688-3

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Role of exercise on visceral adiposity after spinal cord injury: a cardiometabolic risk factor

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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Gesunde Lebenserwartung: Ein kritischer Blick auf Nutzen und Potenziale des demographischen Gesundheitsindikators

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Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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