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Erschienen in:
01.03.2014 | original article
Sleep bruxism is affected by peripheral benzodiazepine receptor gene polymorphisms
Erschienen in: international journal of stomatology & occlusion medicine | Ausgabe 1/2014
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Background
There is increasing interest in genetic effects on sleep bruxism, as well as on psychological stress. Peripheral type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) gene polymorphisms are associated with stress sensitivity but it is not yet clear whether polymorphisms in this gene have any influence on psychological stress before and after sleep bruxism. The present study was performed to examine the relationship between sleep bruxism and PBR gene polymorphisms.
Materials and methods
The study population consisted of 30 male and 28 female healthy volunteers with a mean age of 24.0 years. The PBR gene was amplified using phi29 DNA polymerase after collection of DNA from oral mucosa cells. Polymorphisms were identified by direct sequencing after PBR gene amplification by PCR. Masseter muscle activity was also measured during sleep using portable electromyography to evaluate sleep bruxism. Furthermore, stimulated whole saliva samples were collected for quantification of the salivary chromogranin A (CgA) level as an index of psychological stress.
Results
The results show that 32 subjects (68.1 %) had the G/G genotype, 13 (27.6 %) had G/A and 2 had A/A. The number of bruxism events was significantly higher in the G/A group than in the G/G group (P < 0.05). Changes in salivary CgA levels were significantly lower in the G/A group than in the G/G group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Genetic factors, such as PBR gene polymorphisms, may influence psychological stress management through bruxism during sleep. When treating sleep bruxism it is important to take genetic factors into consideration for a personalized medicine approach.