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Erschienen in: CME 1-2/2019

05.02.2019 | Veränderungen von Knochendichte und Knochenstruktur | CME Fortbildung

Wenn die Knochen schwinden

Diagnostik und Therapie der Osteoporose

verfasst von: Assoz. Prof. PD. Dr. Stefan Pilz, PhD, PD Dr. Andreas Tomaschitz, Prof. Winfried März

Erschienen in: CME | Ausgabe 1-2/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Die Osteoporose ist eine systemische Skeletterkrankung. Sie führt über eine erhöhte Frakturrate zu einer erhöhten Morbidität und Mortalität. Die Diagnose wird durch den Nachweis einer verminderten Knochendichte mit „dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry“ (DXA, deutsch: Dual-Röntgen-Absorptiometrie) gestellt. Anamnese, klinische Untersuchung und Laboruntersuchung gehören zwingend zur Basisdiagnostik. Bei der Auswahl der Therapie ist das Frakturrisiko entscheidend. Es kann mit verschiedenen Instrumenten berechnet werden, z. B. dem Risikomodell des Dachverbands Osteologie (DVO) oder dem Fracture Risk Assessment Model. Zur Basistherapie gehören u. a. eine ausreichende Zufuhr an Kalzium und Vitamin D. Zusätzlich gibt es spezifische Osteoporosemedikamente; hier werden Bisphosphonate nach wie vor am häufigsten verwendet. Alarmierend ist, dass in Deutschland 80% der Patienten mit Indikation zur Therapie unbehandelt sind, und dass die Therapieadhärenz sehr schlecht ist.
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Metadaten
Titel
Wenn die Knochen schwinden
Diagnostik und Therapie der Osteoporose
verfasst von
Assoz. Prof. PD. Dr. Stefan Pilz, PhD
PD Dr. Andreas Tomaschitz
Prof. Winfried März
Publikationsdatum
05.02.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
CME / Ausgabe 1-2/2019
Print ISSN: 1614-371X
Elektronische ISSN: 1614-3744
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11298-019-6899-y

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Pneumonie CME-Kurs
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Die Sterblichkeit von Patientinnen und Patienten mit ambulant erworbener Pneumonie ist nach wie vor hoch, auch wenn die Erkrankung zunehmend gemäß Leitlinien behandelt wird. Welches die häufigsten Erreger sind, was bei der Diagnose zu beachten ist und welche therapeutischen Optionen zur Verfügung stehen, wird in diesem CME-Kurs erläutert.

Basis- und erweiterte Maßnahmen der Reanimation

CME: 2 Punkte

Bei der Reanimation steht Deutschland nicht besonders gut da. Nicht einmal jeder Fünfte, der hierzulande außerklinisch einen Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand erleidet, überlebt diesen, auch wenn eine Reanimation begonnen wurde. Das regelmäßige Training von Basismaßnahmen wie Thoraxkompressionen und Beatmung gehört daher zu den dringlichen Aufgaben eines jeden medizinischen Teams. Erweiterte Reanimationsmaßnahmen werden in der Regel vom Rettungsdienst vorgenommen.