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Current Infectious Disease Reports
Erschienen in: Current Infectious Disease Reports 10/2022

04.08.2022 | Tropical, Travel and Emerging Infections (LH Chen and F Norman, Section Editors)

West Nile virus: another emerging arboviral risk for travelers?

verfasst von: Chinmay Jani, Loukas Kakoullis, Nour Abdallah, Christian Mouchati, Stephanie Page, Robert Colgrove, Lin H. Chen

Erschienen in: Current Infectious Disease Reports | Ausgabe 10/2022

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

West Nile virus (WNV) is an arbovirus transmitted by mosquitos of the genus Culex. Manifestations of WNV infection range from asymptomatic to devastating neuroinvasive disease leading to flaccid paralysis and death. This review examines WNV epidemiology and ecology, with an emphasis on travel-associated infection.

Recent Findings

WNV is widespread, including North America and Europe, where its range has expanded in the past decade. Rising temperatures in temperate regions are predicted to lead to an increased abundance of Culex mosquitoes and an increase in their ability to transmit WNV. Although the epidemiologic patterns of WNV appear variable, its geographic distribution most certainly will continue to increase. Travelers are at risk for WNV infection and its complications. Literature review identified 39 cases of documented travel-related WNV disease, the majority of which resulted in adverse outcomes, such as neuroinvasive disease, prolonged recovery period, or death.

Summary

The prediction of WNV risk is challenging due to the complex interactions of vector, pathogen, host, and environment. Travelers planning to visit endemic areas should be advised regarding WNV risk and mosquito bite prevention. Evaluation of ill travelers with compatible symptoms should consider the diagnosis of WNV for those visiting in endemic areas as well as for those returning from destinations with known WNV circulation.
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Metadaten
Titel
West Nile virus: another emerging arboviral risk for travelers?
verfasst von
Chinmay Jani
Loukas Kakoullis
Nour Abdallah
Christian Mouchati
Stephanie Page
Robert Colgrove
Lin H. Chen
Publikationsdatum
04.08.2022
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Infectious Disease Reports / Ausgabe 10/2022
Print ISSN: 1523-3847
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-3146
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-022-00783-4

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