Erschienen in:
Open Access
01.12.2018 | Case report
A rare case of human pulmonary dirofilariasis with nodules mimicking malignancy: approach to diagnosis and treatment
verfasst von:
Paolo Albino Ferrari, Antonella Grisolia, Stefano Reale, Rosa Liotta, Alessandra Mularoni, Alessandro Bertani
Erschienen in:
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery
|
Ausgabe 1/2018
Abstract
Background
Human pulmonary dirofilariasis is a rare zoonosis caused by the dog worm Dirofilaria spp., a parasite transmitted by mosquitos and resulting in peripheral lung nodules. The filarial nematode enters the subcutaneous tissue, travels to the right ventricle and dies causing a small pulmonary infarction that may embolize through the pulmonary vessels and may appear as a solitary nodule. These nodules are usually incidentally identified in asymptomatic patients undergoing chest imaging studies, and are generally interpreted to be malignant.
Case presentation
We present the case report of a human dirofilariasis in a patient with multiple pulmonary nodules resected using video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). According to our literature review, this is the first case with double synchronous lung nodules reported in Italy.
Conclusions
Minimally invasive resection with histologic examination may be the best approach for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary dirofilariasis. Polymerase Chain Reaction testing may provide a more accurate etiological diagnosis in case of an inconclusive pathology result.