Background
Methods
Results
Characteristics | Areas with high-HFMD incidence | Areas with low HFMD incidence | χ2 | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | |||
Total | 62 (100.0) | 47 (100.0) | ||
DCC sizes based on number of children | ||||
Small (≤ 50 children) | 35 (56.5) | 36 (76.6) | 7.266 | 0.026a |
Medium (51–80 children) | 17 (27.4) | 10 (21.3) | ||
Large (> 80 children) | 10 (16.1) | 1 (2.1) | ||
At least one hill tribe child | ||||
Yes | 35 (56.5) | 26 (55.3) | 0.014 | 0.906 |
No | 27 (43.5) | 21 (44.7) | ||
Location | ||||
Urban | 34 (54.8) | 29 (61.7) | 0.343 | 0.898 |
Rural | 28 (45.2) | 18 (38.3) | ||
Ratio of a caregivers to children (persons) | ||||
1: ≤10 | 27 (43.5) | 23 (48.9) | 1.787 | 0.409 |
1: 11–20 | 28 (45.2) | 22 (46.8) | ||
1: ≥21 | 7 (11.3) | 2 (4.3) |
Factors | High HFMD incidence n (%) compliance | Low HFMD incidence n (%) compliance | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | p-value | AOR | 95% CI | p-value | |||
Total | 62 (100.0) | 47 (100.0) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
(1) Indoor environment | ||||||||
Indoor light | 42 (67.7) | 17 (36.2) | 0.27 | 0.12–0.60 | 0.001a | |||
Area of windows and doors | 56 (90.3) | 42 (89.4) | 0.90 | 0.26–3.15 | 0.869 | |||
Ventilation | 56 (90.3) | 43 (91.5) | 1.15 | 0.31–4.34 | 0.835 | |||
Area for activities | 54 (87.1) | 37 (78.7) | 0.55 | 0.20–1.52 | 0.248 | |||
First aid room | 29 (46.8) | 12 (25.5) | 0.39 | 0.17–0.89 | 0.025a | |||
Sufficient toys for children | 57 (91.9) | 43 (91.5) | 0.94 | 0.24 t-3.72 | 0.933 | |||
Personal amenities | 52 (83.9) | 42 (89.4) | 1.62 | 0.51–5.09 | 0.413 | |||
Number of toilets | 39 (62.9) | 32 (68.1) | 1.26 | 0.56–2.80 | 0.574 | |||
Number of sinks in the restroom | 29 (46.8) | 36 (76.6) | 3.72 | 1.61–8.62 | 0.002a | 4.12 | 1.13–15.04 | 0.032a |
Hand soap in the restroom | 44 (70.1) | 37 (78.7) | 1.51 | 0.62–3.68 | 0.360 | |||
(2) Frequency of cleaning utensils, toys and some spaces or areas inside the building with a cleaning solution | ||||||||
Frequency of cleaning glass | 53 (85.5) | 37 (78.7) | 0.63 | 0.23–1.70 | 0.359 | |||
Frequency of cleaning handkerchiefs and napkins | 26 (41.9) | 18 (38.3) | 0.86 | 0.40–1.87 | 0.702 | |||
Frequency of cleaning bed sheets, pillowcases and blankets | 62 (100.0) | 45 (95.7) | 0.15 | 0.01–3.11 | 0.217 | |||
Solution used for cleaning toys | 59 (95.2) | 42 (89.4) | 0.43 | 0.10–1.87 | 0.262 | |||
Frequency of cleaning mouth-use toys | 2 (3.2) | 3 (6.4) | 2.05 | 0.33–12.76 | 0.444 | |||
Frequency of cleaning inside building areas or spaces | 59 (95.2) | 45 (95.7) | 1.14 | 0.18–7.14 | 0.885 | |||
Proper cleaner types | 62 (100.0) | 44 (93.6) | 0.10 | 0.01–2.02 | 0.134 | |||
(3) Personal hygiene | ||||||||
Hand washing before meals | 54 (87.1) | 36 (76.6) | 0.48 | 0.18–1.32 | 0.157 | |||
Hand washing after using the toilet | 10 (16.1) | 7 (14.9) | 1.22 | 0.57–2.61 | 0.612 | |||
Hand washing after playing with toys | 14 (22.6) | 12 (25.5) | 1.18 | 0.48–2.85 | 0.720 | |||
Separate drinking glass | 26 (41.9) | 22 (46.8) | 1.22 | 0.57–2.61 | 0.612 | |||
(4) DCC size | ||||||||
Large DCC size (> 80 children) | 10 (16.1) | 1 (2.1) | 10.29 | 1.25–84.64 | 0.032a | 3.28 | 1.21–5.18 | 0.041a |