Background
Methods
Participants
Anthropometric measurement
Physical fitness tests
Body mass index
Vital capacity
Sit and reach
Standing long jump
Pull-up
Crunches
50-m sprint
800 / 1000-m run
Physical fitness score
Score | BMI | Vital capacity | Sit and reach | Standing long jump | Bent-leg sit-up | 50-m sprinta | 1000/800-m runa | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(kg/m2) | (L) | (cm) | (cm) | /Pull up (times) | (s) | (s) | ||||||||
Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | |
100 | 17.9–23.9 | 17.2–23.9 | 5.04 | 3.40 | 24.9 | 25.8 | 273 | 207 | 19 | 56 | 6.7 | 7.5 | 197 | 198 |
95 | – | – | 4.92 | 3.35 | 23.1 | 24.0 | 268 | 201 | 18 | 54 | 6.8 | 7.6 | 202 | 204 |
90 | – | – | 4.80 | 3.30 | 21.3 | 22.2 | 263 | 195 | 17 | 52 | 6.9 | 7.7 | 207 | 210 |
85 | – | – | 4.55 | 3.15 | 19.5 | 20.6 | 256 | 188 | 16 | 49 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 214 | 217 |
80 | ≤17.8 | ≤17.1 | 4.30 | 3.00 | 17.7 | 19.0 | 248 | 181 | 15 | 46 | 7.1 | 8.3 | 222 | 224 |
24.0–27.9 | 24.0–27.9 | |||||||||||||
78 | – | – | 4.18 | 2.90 | 16.3 | 17.7 | 244 | 178 | – | 44 | 7.3 | 8.5 | 227 | 229 |
76 | – | – | 4.06 | 2.80 | 14.9 | 16.4 | 240 | 175 | 14 | 42 | 7.5 | 8.7 | 232 | 234 |
74 | – | – | 3.94 | 2.70 | 13.5 | 15.1 | 236 | 172 | – | 40 | 7.7 | 8.9 | 237 | 239 |
72 | – | – | 3.82 | 2.60 | 12.1 | 13.8 | 232 | 169 | 13 | 38 | 7.9 | 9.1 | 242 | 244 |
70 | – | – | 3.70 | 2.50 | 10.7 | 12.5 | 228 | 166 | – | 36 | 8.1 | 9.3 | 247 | 249 |
68 | – | – | 3.58 | 2.40 | 9.3 | 11.2 | 224 | 163 | 12 | 34 | 8.3 | 9.5 | 252 | 254 |
66 | – | – | 3.46 | 2.30 | 7.9 | 9.9 | 220 | 160 | – | 32 | 8.5 | 9.7 | 257 | 259 |
64 | – | – | 3.34 | 2.20 | 6.5 | 8.6 | 216 | 157 | 11 | 30 | 8.7 | 9.9 | 262 | 264 |
62 | – | – | 3.22 | 2.10 | 5.1 | 7.3 | 212 | 154 | – | 28 | 8.9 | 10.1 | 267 | 269 |
60 | ≥28.0 | ≥28.0 | 3.10 | 2.00 | 3.7 | 6.0 | 208 | 151 | 10 | 26 | 9.1 | 10.3 | 272 | 274 |
50 | – | – | 3.94 | 1.96 | 2.7 | 5.2 | 203 | 146 | 9 | 24 | 9.3 | 10.5 | 292 | 284 |
40 | – | – | 2.78 | 1.92 | 1.7 | 4.4 | 198 | 141 | 8 | 22 | 9.5 | 10.7 | 312 | 294 |
30 | – | – | 2.62 | 1.88 | 0.7 | 3.6 | 193 | 136 | 7 | 20 | 9.7 | 10.9 | 332 | 304 |
20 | – | – | 2.46 | 1.84 | −0.3 | 2.8 | 188 | 131 | 6 | 18 | 9.9 | 11.1 | 352 | 314 |
10 | – | – | 2.30 | 1.80 | −1.3 | 2.0 | 183 | 126 | 5 | 16 | 10.1 | 11.3 | 372 | 324 |
Data analysis
Results
Descriptive statistics
Characteristic | All (2291) | Male (815) | Female (1476) | Pa |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 19.09 ± 0.82 | 19.10 ± 0.82 | 19.07 ± 0.83 | 0.336 |
Anthropometric data | ||||
Height (cm) | 167.44 ± 8.54 | 175.24 ± 6.46 | 163.14 ± 6.18 | <0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 61.94 ± 13.27 | 70.90 ± 13.94 | 56.99 ± 9.87 | <0.001 |
TBW (kg) | 34.12 ± 7.55 | 42.04 ± 6.27 | 29.75 ± 3.61 | <0.001 |
FM (kg) | 15.00 ± 6.40 | 13.23 ± 6.28 | 15.97 ± 6.25 | <0.001 |
PM (kg) | 9.62 ± 2.13 | 11.86 ± 1.77 | 8.39 ± 1.02 | <0.001 |
MC (kg) | 3.08 ± 0.55 | 3.66 ± 0.46 | 2.77 ± 0.26 | <0.001 |
Physical fitness test data | ||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.98 ± 3.68 | 23.04 ± 4.03 | 21.39 ± 3.33 | <0.001 |
VC (L) | 3.86 ± 1.02 | 4.83 ± 0.85 | 3.33 ± 0.64 | <0.001 |
Sit and reach (cm) | 16.87 ± 6.52 | 14.68 ± 6.74 | 18.08 ± 6.07 | <0.001 |
Standing long jump (cm) | 190.63 ± 32.28 | 224.25 ± 24.62 | 172.06 ± 17.68 | <0.001 |
Pull-up (times) | – | 4.53 ± 4.97 | – | – |
Bent-leg sit-up (times) | – | – | 32.56 ± 9.50 | – |
50-m sprint (s) | 8.50 ± 1.06 | 7.51 ± 0.74 | 9.05 ± 0.77 | <0.001 |
1000-m run (s) | – | 259.34 ± 36.14 | – | – |
800-m run (s) | – | – | 240.56 ± 45.11 | – |
Physical fitness score | ||||
Body shape scoreb | 13.95 ± 1.81 | 13.52 ± 2.07 | 14.19 ± 1.61 | <0.001 |
Body function scoreb | 13.08 ± 1.94 | 13.20 ± 1.88 | 13.01 ± 1.97 | 0.02 |
physical quality scoreb | 47.14 ± 7.29 | 43.85 ± 8.20 | 48.96 ± 6.01 | <0.001 |
Total score of physical fitnessb | 74.17 ± 8.21 | 70.57 ± 9.22 | 76.16 ± 6.83 | <0.001 |
Association between the body composition and the physical fitness score
Body composition measures (x) | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TBW (kg) | FM (kg) | PM (kg) | MC (kg) | |||||||||
Physical fitness score (y) | b | SE | P | b | SE | P | b | SE | P | b | SE | P |
Body shape score | ||||||||||||
Unadjusted | −0.818 | 0.625 | 0.191 | −0.236 | 0.012 | < 0.001 | −0.139 | 1.527 | 0.927 | 11.472 | 7.133 | 0.108 |
Adjustedb | −0.878 | 0.624 | 0.160 | −0.241 | 0.012 | < 0.001 | 0.241 | 1.522 | 0.874 | 10.880 | 7.110 | 0.126 |
Body function score | ||||||||||||
Unadjusted | −0.411 | 0.804 | 0.609 | −0.038 | 0.015 | 0.011 | 1.477 | 1.963 | 0.452 | 2.025 | 9.168 | 0.825 |
Adjustedb | −0.389 | 0.806 | 0.630 | −0.042 | 0.015 | 0.006 | 1.706 | 1.965 | 0.386 | 0.861 | 9.180 | 0.925 |
Physical quality score | ||||||||||||
Unadjusted | −1.553 | 3.353 | 0.643 | −0.851 | 0.063 | < 0.001 | 8.968 | 1.936 | 0.274 | −9.470 | 38.240 | 0.804 |
Adjustedb | −1.661 | 3.363 | 0.621 | −0.867 | 0.064 | < 0.001 | 10.052 | 8.203 | 0.221 | −12.034 | 38.320 | 0.754 |
Total score of physical fitness | ||||||||||||
Unadjusted | −2.783 | 3.563 | 0.435 | −1.125 | 0.067 | < 0.001 | 10.306 | 8.701 | 0.237 | 4.028 | 40.634 | 0.921 |
Adjustedb | −2.928 | 3.562 | 0.411 | −1.150 | 0.067 | < 0.001 | 11.999 | 8.689 | 0.168 | −0.292 | 40.591 | 0.994 |
Body composition measures (x) | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TBW (kg) | FM (kg) | PM (kg) | MC (kg) | |||||||||
Physical fitness score (y) | b | SE | P | b | SE | P | b | SE | P | b | SE | P |
Body shape score | ||||||||||||
Unadjusted | 0.347 | 0.458 | 0.448 | − 0.120 | 0.007 | < 0.001 | −1.178 | 1.073 | 0.272 | −1.483 | 5.713 | 0.795 |
Adjustedb | 0.358 | 0.457 | 0.433 | −0.120 | 0.007 | < 0.001 | −1.130 | 1.073 | 0.292 | −1.822 | 5.716 | 0.750 |
Body function score | ||||||||||||
Unadjusted | −0.211 | 0.685 | 0.758 | −0.019 | 0.010 | 0.061 | 1.621 | 1.607 | 0.313 | −0.921 | 8.557 | 0.914 |
Adjusted b | −0.200 | 0.685 | 0.770 | −0.018 | 0.010 | 0.070 | 1.758 | 1.607 | 0.274 | −1.613 | 8.560 | 0.851 |
Physical quality score | ||||||||||||
Unadjusted | 0.933 | 2.136 | 0.662 | −0.228 | 0.032 | < 0.001 | −6.172 | 5.008 | 0.218 | 11.941 | 26.671 | 0.654 |
Adjusted b | 0.960 | 2.126 | 0.652 | −0.225 | 0.031 | < 0.001 | −5.555 | 4.989 | 0.266 | 9.137 | 26.577 | 0.731 |
Total score of physical fitness | ||||||||||||
Unadjusted | 1.069 | 2.376 | 0.653 | −0.367 | 0.035 | < 0.001 | −5.729 | 5.572 | 0.304 | 9.537 | 29.675 | 0.748 |
Adjusted b | 1.118 | 2.365 | 0.636 | −0.363 | 0.035 | < 0.001 | −4.928 | 5.55 | 0.375 | 5.702 | 29.561 | 0.847 |