Erschienen in:
05.11.2020 | Nutrition, Obesity, and Diabetes (SML Ribeiro, Section Editor)
Diabetes, microRNA, and Nutrition in Geriatrics
verfasst von:
Telma Angelina Faraldo Corrêa, Marcelo Macedo Rogero
Erschienen in:
Current Geriatrics Reports
|
Ausgabe 4/2020
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Abstract
Purpose of Review
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is closely associated with aging and sarcopenia. Insulin resistance in the elderly is associated with sarcopenia, which, in turn, increases the risk of developing T2D and, consequently, cardiovascular diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and increased inflammatory responses are implicated in sarcopenia in skeletal muscles. However, the link between miRNAs, sarcopenia, and inflammation in muscle function during the development of T2D remains unclear.
Recent Findings
miRNAs play a role in pancreatic islet development, β cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and insulin synthesis and secretion. Circulating miRNAs can also predict diabetic complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and coronary artery disease. Nutrients and phytochemicals modulate gene expression through miRNAs. Thus, food-miRNA interactions can play a key role in the prevention and treatment of T2D.
Summary
Understanding the regulatory role of miRNAs in the pathophysiological mechanisms related to the development of diabetes as well as the role of food in modulating miRNA expression is of great relevance.