Introduction
Methods
Study design and population
Study questionnaire
Statistical analysis
Results
Description of the sample
Variable (N = 3940) | Frequency (%)/Mean (SD) | Missing rates |
---|---|---|
Gender: | 0 | |
Male | 1924 (48.8%) | |
Female | 2004 (50.9%) | |
Non-binary | 12 (0.3%) | |
Age (years) | 34.7 (10.3) | 0 |
Education: | 178 (4.5%) | |
No schooling | 57 (1.4%) | |
Primary school | 171 (4.3%) | |
Secondary school | 852 (21.6%) | |
Higher education | 2682 (68.1%) | |
Housing situation: | 165 (4.2%) | |
House/Apartment | 3500 (88.8%) | |
Asylum center | 155 (3.9%) | |
Refugee camp | 91 (2.3%) | |
On the street | 26 (0.7%) | |
Residence status: | 159 (4.0%) | |
Citizen in this country | 860 (21.8%) | |
Permanent documents | 1140 (28.9%) | |
Temporary documents | 1524 (38.7%) | |
No documents | 255 (6.5%) | |
Work situation: | 617 (15.7%) | |
Student | 691 (17.5%) | |
Employed | 1813 (46.0%) | |
Unemployed since the corona-crisis | 104 (2.6%) | |
Already unemployed before corona-crisis | 715 (18.1%) | |
Have you tested positive for the COVID-19? (current November 2020) (No/Yes) | 3528 (89.5%)/347 (8.8%) | 65 (1.6%) |
Latent variable estimation
Mediation analysis in the exploratory set
Regressions | Unstandardized estimate (95% CI) | Standardized coefficient | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Exploratory set (80%) | |||
Direct effects | |||
Outcome model: SS (R2 = 0.182) | |||
CARE | 0.200 (0.126; 0.274) | 0.151 | < 0.001 |
PD | 0.455 (0.397; 0.514) | 0.387 | < 0.001 |
Mediator model: PD (R2 = 0.007) | |||
CARE | 0.094 (0.039; 0.148) | 0.083 | 0.001 |
Indirect effect (proportion mediated) | |||
PD (17.7%) | 0.043 (0.018; 0.067) | 0.032 | 0.001 |
Total effect | 0.243 (0.165; 0.321) | 0.183 | < 0.001 |
Confirmation set (20%) | |||
Direct effects | |||
Outcome model: SS (R2 = 0.221) | |||
CARE | 0.293 (0.104; 0.482) | 0.172 | 0.002 |
PD | 0.457 (0.357; 0.558) | 0.408 | < 0.001 |
Mediator model: PD (R2 = 0.032) | |||
CARE | 0.272 (0.120; 0.423) | 0.179 | < 0.001 |
Indirect effect (proportion mediated) | |||
PD (29.7%) | 0.124 (0.056; 0.192) | 0.073 | < 0.001 |
Total effect | 0.417 (0.215; 0.620) | 0.245 | < 0.001 |
Mediation analysis in the confirmation set
Sensitivity analysis
Exploring other models
Regressions | Unstandardized estimate (95% CI) | Standardized coefficient | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Direct effects | |||
Outcome model: SS (R2 = 0.186) | |||
CAREi | 0.205 (0.135; 0.275) | 0.147 | < 0.001 |
PD | 0.456 (0.406; 0.507) | 0.393 | < 0.001 |
Outcome model: Go to Doctor a (R2 = 0.104) | |||
SS | 0.353 (0.267; 0.438) | 0.323 | < 0.001 |
Mediator model: PD (R2 = 0.08) | |||
CAREi | 0.109 (0.058; 0.161) | 0.091 | < 0.001 |
Indirect effects (proportion mediated) | |||
PD (8.2%) | 0.050 (0.026; 0.074) | 0.036 | < 0.001 |
Total effect | 0.607 (0.492; 0.722) | 0.505 | < 0.001 |
Regressions | Unstandardized estimate (95% CI) | Standardized coefficient | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Direct effects | |||
Outcome model: SS (R2 = 0.246) | |||
SDH | 0.265 (0.189; 0.341) | 0.274 | < 0.001 |
PD | 0.342 (0.275; 0.409) | 0.293 | < 0.001 |
CARE | 0.105 (0.028; 0.181) | 0.075 | 0.007 |
Mediator model: PD (R2 = 0.160) | |||
SDH | 0.330 (0.275; 0.385) | 0.399 | < 0.001 |
Mediator model: CARE (R2 = 0.069) | |||
SDH | 0.183 (0.130; 0.235) | 0.263 | < 0.001 |
Indirect effects (proportion mediated) | |||
PD (28.5%) | 0.113 (0.087; 0.139) | 0.117 | < 0.001 |
CARE (4.8%) | 0.019 (0.005; 0.033) | 0.020 | 0.007 |
Total effect | 0.397 (0.327; 0.468) | 0.411 | < 0.001 |