There are reports of an increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer across many countries in the world [ 1 ]. There are also reports of an increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer in India, and it is currently within the first ten estimated …

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a squamous-cell carcinoma with an extremely unbalanced geographical distribution [ 1 ]. It affected an estimated 133,000 patients in 2020 globally, with the highest rates occurring in regions in South China …

The increasing popularity of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical field is becoming more evident as ongoing research consistently highlights its benefits. While AI encompasses any technology aiming to mimic the human brain, machine learning …

Surgical procedures conducted in the vicinity of peripheral nerves pose risks of injury to those nerves through iatrogenic factors such as compression or manipulation. While typically transient in nature, postoperative nerve dysfunction of cranial …

The Internet serves as a widely accessible platform for information, yet the reliability of the information it offers remains uncertain. It has become an indispensable resource for health-related information, with a significant proportion of …

Salivary gland tumors (SGT) constitute less than 3–4% of all head and neck tumors. They form a histologically heterogeneous group, with unpredictable and often highly aggressive clinical behavior. The wide variety of tumor etiology, microscopic …

The median age of the global population is rising, and consequently the median age of all cancer patients as well as of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) [ 1 , 2 ]. Since HNC is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide and its incidence is …

Office-based rhinologic procedures (OBRP) under local anesthetic (LA) have become increasingly available, providing patients with a less invasive and cost-effective alternative to traditional surgery performed under general anesthetic (GA) in the …

Dix and Hallpike coined the term ‘Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo’ (BPPV) in the year 1952. It is said to be one of the commonest causes for peripheral vestibular disorders. BPPV is marked by rotatory dizziness provoked with sudden head …

Malformed auricles, such as microtia and abnormal ossicular chains, are characteristics of congenital aural atresia (CAA). Conductive hearing loss of up to 60 dB is caused by CAA, which affects approximately 1 in 10,000 children [ 1 ]. Unilateral …

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide [ 1 ]. For patients with early stage or locoregionally advanced HNC, surgery is a curative treatment choice with or without postoperative (chemo)radiotherapy [ 2 ].

Since its introduction in 2022, ChatGPT has gained much interest in the public and scientific community. ChatGPT is a type of Large Language Model (LLM) that is trained to predict the likelihood of a given sequence of words based on the context of …

Hearing loss is a prevalent sensory impairment affecting millions of people worldwide. It can significantly impact an individual's communication abilities, reducing social interactions, isolation, and decreased quality of life. The evolution of …

The definitive treatment for chronic suppurative otitis media is surgery. Surgical technique and procedure varies according to individual case findings and pathology and may require mastoidectomies in which the canal wall is preserved (ICW) or …

Since March 2020, when the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) a pandemic health emergency, about 675 million cases have been …

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the proliferation of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells and comprises a significant percentage of head and neck cancers. However, it is a generally rare type of malignancy. There were about 130,000 incident cases …

Middle ear anatomy is a great challenge for every young otologist, with complex three-dimensional structures and high variability. The tympanic cavity includes several anatomical landmarks in a small space, which need to be identified to operate …

Tinnitus is defined as the perception of sound in the absence of an external stimulus. The perception of tinnitus can occur in association with or without an underlying organic hearing impairment [ 1 ]. Several pathologies of the peripheral …

Olfactory disorders have become more prominent in the patient’s quality of life due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as recent studies show that more than half of COVID-19 patients suffer from olfactory problems [ 1 , 2 ].