nach oben

AIDS and Behavior

Erschienen in:

28.12.2023 | Original Paper

Message Framing Strategies to Promote the Uptake of PrEP: Results from Formative Research with Diverse Adult Populations in the United States

verfasst von: Vanessa Boudewyns, Jennifer D. Uhrig, Pamela A. Williams, Stefanie K. E. Anderson, Jo Ellen Stryker

Erschienen in: AIDS and Behavior | Ausgabe 2/2024

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

There are no evidence-based recommendations for communicating about pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as part of a broader HIV-prevention messaging approach. To inform future message development related to PrEP uptake, we interviewed 235 individuals across ten locations in the U.S. to explore their understanding and perceptions of draft HIV prevention messages and assess their overall preferences for a broad or PrEP-focused messaging approach. Participants responded favorably to and related to both draft messages. Participants who were not aware of PrEP were more likely to say the broad HIV-prevention message was personally relevant than those aware of PrEP. There were no significant differences in perceived personal relevance for the PrEP-focused message. Qualitative findings suggest that HIV prevention messages should use specific well-defined terms, include links to additional information, and use choice-enhancing language that emphasizes personal agency and frames the call to action as an informed decision among an array of effective prevention options.

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Minority HIV/AIDS Fund. What is ‘ending the HIV epidemic: a plan for America’? [Internet]. Washington, DC: HIV.gov/Office of HIV/AIDS and Infectious Disease Policy (OHAIDP), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2019 [cited 2021 Sep 23]. Available from: https://www.hiv.gov/federal-response/ending-the-hiv-epidemic/overview.

Finlayson T, Cha S, Xia M, Trujillo L, Denson D, Prejean J, et al. Changes in HIV preexposure prophylaxis awareness and use among men who have sex with men—20 urban areas, 2014 and 2017. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(27):597–603. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6827a1.CrossRef

Sullivan PS, Sanchez TH, Zlotorzynska M, Chandler CJ, Sineath RC, Kahle E, et al. National trends in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis awareness, willingness and use among United States men who have sex with men recruited online, 2013 through 2017. J Int AIDS Soc. 2020;23(3):e25461. https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.25461.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Bradley E, Forsberg K, Betts JE, DeLuca JB, Kamitani E, Porter SE, et al. Factors affecting pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation for women in the United States: a systematic review. J Womens Health. 2019;28(9):1272–85. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2018.7353.CrossRef

Bogorodskaya M, Lewis SA, Krakower DS, Avery A. Low awareness of and access to pre-exposure prophylaxis but high interest among heterosexual women in Cleveland, Ohio. Sex Transm Dis. 2020;47(2):96–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001082.CrossRefPubMed

Rao S, Mulatu MS, Xia M, Wang G, Song W, Essuon A, et al. HIV preexposure prophylaxis awareness and referral to providers among Hispanic/Latino persons—United States, 2019. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(40):1395–400. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7040a1.CrossRef

Roth AM, Tran NK, Piecara BL, Shinefeld J, Brady KA. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness is low among heterosexual people of color who might benefit from PrEP in Philadelphia. J Prim Care Community Health. 2019;10:2150132719847383. https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132719847383.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Ranjit YS, Dubov A, Polonsky M, Fraenkel L, Ogunbajo A, Mayer K, et al. Pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men: dual motivational model of intention to use pre-exposure prophylaxis. AIDS Behav. 2019;23(2):534–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2214-2.CrossRefPubMed

Shrestha R, Altice FL, Huedo-Medina TB, Karki P, Copenhaver M. Willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): an empirical test of the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model among high-risk drug users in treatment. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(5):1299–308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1650-0.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

10.

Walters SM, Coston B, Neaigus A, Rivera AV, Starbuck L, Ramirez V, et al. The role of syringe exchange programs and sexual identity in awareness of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for male persons who inject drugs. Int J Drug Policy. 2020;77:102671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102671.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

11.

Wilson EC, Jin H, Liu A, Raymond HF. Knowledge, indications and willingness to take pre-exposure prophylaxis among transwomen in San Francisco, 2013. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(6):e0128971. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128971.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

12.

Wilson K, Przybyla S, Bleasdale J, Gabriel S, Leblanc N, St. Vil N. Factors correlated with pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness and use among black adults in the United States: implications for improving HIV prevention. AIDS Care. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2022.2113027.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

13.

Rolle CP, Rosenberg ES, Luisi N, Grey J, Sanchez T, Del Rio C, et al. Willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis among Black and White men who have sex with men in Atlanta, Georgia. Int J STD AIDS. 2017;28(9):849–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956462416675095.CrossRefPubMed

14.

Biello KB, Hosek S, Drucker MT, Belzer M, Mimiaga MJ, Marrow E, et al. Preferences for injectable PrEP among young US cisgender men and transgender women and men who have sex with men. Arch Sex Behav. 2018;47(7):2101–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1049-7.CrossRefPubMed

15.

Brooks RA, Landovitz RJ, Regan R, Lee SJ, Allen VC Jr. Perceptions of and intentions to adopt HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among black men who have sex with men in Los Angeles. Int J STD AIDS. 2015;26(14):1040–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956462415570159.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

16.

Koren DE, Nichols JS, Simoncini GM. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and women: survey of the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs in an urban obstetrics/gynecology clinic. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2018;32(12):490–4. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2018.0030.CrossRefPubMed

17.

Park CJ, Taylor TN, Gutierrez NR, Zingman BS, Blackstock OJ. Pathways to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among women prescribed PrEP at an urban sexual health clinic. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2019;30(5):514–23. https://doi.org/10.1097/JNC.0000000000000070.CrossRef

18.

Auerbach JD, Kinsky S, Brown G, Charles V. Knowledge, attitudes, and likelihood of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among US women at risk of acquiring HIV. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2015;29(2):102–10. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0142.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

19.

García M, Harris AL. PrEP awareness and decision-making for Latino MSM in San Antonio, Texas. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(9):e0184014. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184014.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

20.

Calabrese SK, Dovidio JF, Tekeste M, Taggart T, Galvao RW, Safon CB, et al. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis stigma as a multidimensional barrier to uptake among women who attend planned parenthood. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2018;79(1):46–53. https://doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000001762.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

21.

Mustanski B, Ryan DT, Hayford CS, Phillips G, Newcomb ME, Smith JD. Geographic and individual associations with PrEP stigma: results from the RADAR cohort of diverse young men who have sex with men and transgender women. AIDS Behav. 2018;22(9):3044–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2159-5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

22.

Siegler AJ, Wiatrek S, Mouhanna F, Amico KR, Dominguez K, Jones J, et al. Validation of the HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis stigma scale: performance of likert and semantic differential scale versions. AIDS Behav. 2020;24(9):2637–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02820-6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

23.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ending the HIV epidemic: a plan for America—prevent [Internet]. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2020 [cited 2021 Sep 23]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/endhiv/prevent.html.

24.

Kingdon MJ, Storholm ED, Halkitis PN, Jones DC, Moeller RW, Siconolfi D, et al. Targeting HIV prevention messaging to a new generation of gay, bisexual, and other young men who have sex with men. J Health Commun. 2013;18(3):325–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2012.727953.CrossRefPubMed

25.

Mansergh G, Koblin BA, Sullivan PS. Challenges for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in the United States. PLoS Med. 2012;9(8):e1001286. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001286.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

26.

Mansergh G, Sullivan PS, Kota KK, Daskalakis D. Pre-exposure prophylaxis in the era of emerging methods for men who have sex with men in the USA: the HIV Prevention Cycle of Care model. The Lancet. 2023;10(2):e134. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(22)00309-5.CrossRefPubMed

27.

Mimiaga MJ, Closson EF, Battle S, Herbst JH, Denson D, Pitts N, et al. Reactions and receptivity to framing HIV prevention message concepts about pre-exposure prophylaxis for Black and Latino men who have sex with men in three urban US Cities. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2016;30(10):484–9. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2016.0123.CrossRefPubMed

28.

Underhill K, Morrow KM, Colleran C, Calabrese SK, Operario D, Salovey P, et al. Explaining the efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention: a qualitative study of message framing and messaging preferences among US men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2016;20(7):1514–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1088-9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

29.

Mansergh G, Baack BN, Holman J, Mimiaga MJ, Landers S, Herbst JH. Brief report: quantitative assessment of brief messages about HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected black/African American and Hispanic/Latino MSM. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2019;80(1):31. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000001869.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

30.

Downing MJ Jr, Wiatrek SE, Zahn RJ, Mansergh G, Olansky E, Gelaude D, Sullivan PS, Stephenson R, Siegler AJ, Bauermeister J, Horvath KJ. Video selection and assessment for an app-based HIV prevention messaging intervention: formative research. mHealth. 2023;9:2. https://doi.org/10.21037/mhealth-21-53.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

31.

Sullivan PS, Stephenson R, Hirshfield S, Mehta CC, Zahn R, Bauermeister JA, Horvath K, Chiasson MA, Gelaude D, Mullin S, Downing MJ Jr. Behavioral efficacy of a sexual health mobile app for men who have sex with men: randomized controlled trial of mobile messaging for men. J Med Internet Res. 2022;24(2):e34574. https://doi.org/10.2196/34574.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

32.

Entman RM. Framing: toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. J Commun. 1993;43(4):51–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x.CrossRef

33.

Tversky A, Kahneman D. The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice. Science. 1981;211(4481):453–8. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7455683.ADSMathSciNetCrossRefPubMed

34.

Rothman AJ, Bartels RD, Wlaschin J, Salovey P. The strategic use of gain- and loss-framed messages to promote healthy behavior: how theory can inform practice. J Commun. 2006;56(suppl_1):S202–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00290.x.CrossRef

35.

Rothman AJ, Salovey P. Shaping perceptions to motivate healthy behavior: the role of message framing. Psychol Bull. 1997;121(1):3. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.121.1.3.CrossRefPubMed

36.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Ending the HIV epidemic: a plan for America—counties, territories, and states [Internet]. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2020 [cited 2021 Sep 23]. Available from: https://files.hiv.gov/s3fs-public/Ending-the-HIV-Epidemic-Counties-and-Territories.pdf.

37.

Boeije H. A purposeful approach to the constant comparative method in the analysis of qualitative interviews. Qual Quant. 2002;36:391–409. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020909529486.CrossRef

38.

Bernard HR, Wutich A, Ryan GW. Analyzing qualitative data: systematic approaches. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2016.

39.

Butler-Kisber L. Qualitative inquiry: thematic, narrative, and arts-informed perspectives. London: Sage; 2010.CrossRef

40.

Kyale S, Brinkmann S. Interviews: learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2009.

41.

Cohen J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educ Psychol Meas. 1960;20(1):37–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316446002000104.CrossRef

42.

Uhrig J, Eroğlu D, Bann C, Wasserman JL, Guenther-Grey C. Systematic formative research to develop HIV prevention messages for people living with HIV. Soc Market Q. 2010;16(3):23–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/15245004.2010.500442.CrossRef

43.

Atkin CK, Freimuth V. Guidelines for formative evaluation research in campaign design. In: Rice RE, Atkin C, editors. Public communication campaigns. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2013. p. 53–68.

44.

Carneiro PB, Westmoreland DA, Patel VV, Grov C. Awareness and acceptability of undetectable = untransmittable among a U.S. national sample of HIV-negative sexual and gender minorities. AIDS Behav. 2021;25(2):634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02990-3.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

45.

Rossiter S, Sharpe JD, Pampati S, Sanchez T, Zlotorzynska M, Jones J. Differences in PrEP awareness, discussions with healthcare providers, and use among men who have sex with men in the United States by urbanicity and region: a cross-sectional analysis. AIDS Behav. 2021;25(12):4102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03267-z.CrossRefPubMed

46.

Brehm JW. A theory of psychological reactance. Cambridge: Academic Press; 1966.

47.

Eagly AH, Chaiken S. The psychology of attitudes. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers; 1993.

48.

Rosenberg BD, Siegel JT. A 50-year review of psychological reactance theory: do not read this article. Motiv Sci. 2018;4(4):281. https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000091.CrossRef

49.

Shen L. Antecedents to psychological reactance: the impact of threat, message frame, and choice. Health Commun. 2015;30(10):975–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2014.910882.CrossRefPubMed

50.

Mutchler MG, McDavitt B, Ghani MA, Nogg K, Winder TJ, Soto JK. Getting PrEPared for HIV prevention navigation: young black gay men talk about HIV prevention in the biomedical era. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2015;29(9):490–502. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2015.0002.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

51.

Padian NS, McCoy SI, Karim SS, Hasen N, Kim J, Bartos M, et al. HIV prevention transformed: the new prevention research agenda. The Lancet. 2011;378(9787):269–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60877-5.CrossRef

52.

Poehlman J, Uhrig JD, Friedman A, Scales M, Forsythe A, Robinson SJ. Bundling of STDs and HIV in prevention messages. J Soc Market. 2015;5(1):2. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSOCM-08-2013-0051.CrossRef

53.

King KW, Freimuth V, Lee M, Johnson-Turbes CA. The effectiveness of bundled health messages on recall. Am J Health Promot. 2013;27(3_suppl):S28–35. https://doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.120113-QUAN-27.CrossRef

54.

Ickovics JR. “Bundling” HIV prevention: integrating services to promote synergistic gain. Prev Med. 2008;46(3):222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.09.006.CrossRefPubMed

55.

Aronson E. Back to the future: retrospective review of Leon Festinger’s—a theory of cognitive dissonance. Am J Psychol. 1997;110(1):127. https://doi.org/10.2307/1423706.CrossRef

56.

Rogers E. Diffusion of innovations. 4th ed. New York: The Free Press; 1995.

57.

Calabrese SK, Galvao RW, Dovidio JF, Willie TC, Safon CB, Kaplan C, Caldwell A, Blackstock O, Phillips NJ, Kershaw TS. Contraception as a potential gateway to pre-exposure prophylaxis: US women’s pre-exposure prophylaxis modality preferences align with their birth control practices. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2020;34(3):132. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2019.0242.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Titel: Message Framing Strategies to Promote the Uptake of PrEP: Results from Formative Research with Diverse Adult Populations in the United States
verfasst von: Vanessa Boudewyns
Jennifer D. Uhrig
Pamela A. Williams
Stefanie K. E. Anderson
Jo Ellen Stryker
Publikationsdatum: 28.12.2023
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: AIDS and Behavior / Ausgabe 2/2024
Print ISSN: 1090-7165
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-3254
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-023-04242-6

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Live-Webinar "Urologie und Sexualmedizin in der Praxis"

Springer Medizin

Message Framing Strategies to Promote the Uptake of PrEP: Results from Formative Research with Diverse Adult Populations in the United States

Abstract

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Erhebliches Risiko für Kehlkopfkrebs bei mäßiger Dysplasie

Nach Herzinfarkt mit Typ-1-Diabetes schlechtere Karten als mit Typ 2?

15% bedauern gewählte Blasenkrebs-Therapie

Costims – das nächste heiße Ding in der Krebstherapie?

Update Innere Medizin

Live-Webinar "Urologie und Sexualmedizin in der Praxis"

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2024

Heavy Alcohol Use and HIV Outcomes: The Moderating Role of Pain

Efficacy of Two Evidence-Based Alcohol Consumption Interventions on Positive, Negative, and Neutral Days Among Hazardous Alcohol Users Living with HIV in Vietnam

HIV Support Source: Development of a Distress Screening Measure for Adults with HIV

HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Care in Belgium: A mixed-methods Study on PrEP Users’ Experiences and Service Delivery Preferences

The Potential Role of Undetectable = Untransmittable (U = U) in Reducing HIV Stigma among Sexual Minority Men in the US

Characterizing Socioecological Markers of Differentiated HIV Risk Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Indonesia

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Erhebliches Risiko für Kehlkopfkrebs bei mäßiger Dysplasie

Nach Herzinfarkt mit Typ-1-Diabetes schlechtere Karten als mit Typ 2?

15% bedauern gewählte Blasenkrebs-Therapie

Costims – das nächste heiße Ding in der Krebstherapie?

Update Innere Medizin