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Erschienen in: HNO 4/2021

19.11.2020 | Oropharynxkarzinom | Leitthema

Tumorbiologie des Oropharynxkarzinoms

verfasst von: PD Dr. med. S. Laban, M Brand, J. Ezić, J. Doescher, G. Völkel, H. A. Kestler, C. Brunner, T. K. Hoffmann

Erschienen in: HNO | Ausgabe 4/2021

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Oropharynxkarzinome (OPSCC) unterscheiden sich abhängig von noxenbasierter oder durch humane Papillomaviren (HPV) getriebener Ätiologie in klinischen Faktoren und der Prognose. Zugrunde liegend sind molekulare Unterschiede der Tumorbiologie.

Ziel der Arbeit

Ziel war die Darstellung wichtiger molekularbiologischer Charakteristika der Genetik, Epigenetik und Immunologie von OPSCC.

Material und Methoden

Es handelt sich um eine Übersichtsarbeit zu einer Auswahl molekularbiologischer Faktoren der Tumorbiologie von OPSCC aus Genetik, Epigenetik und Immunologie.

Ergebnisse

Genetische Veränderungen und deren Auswirkungen auf Kanzerogenese und Tumorbiologie werden in zunehmender Tiefe verstanden. Epigenetische Phänomene ergänzen funktionelle Zusammenhänge. Die epigenetischen Regulationsmechanismen der Gene sind komplex. Daher besteht in diesem Feld weiterhin großer Forschungsbedarf. Immunologische Aspekte der Molekularbiologie gewinnen im Kontext der aktuellen Entwicklungen in der Immunonkologie an Bedeutung.

Schlussfolgerung

Die Tumorbiologie von Oropharynxkarzinomen unterscheidet sich v. a. bezüglich des HPV-Status. Zusätzlich werden HPV-unabhängige Subgruppen genetisch, epigenetisch und immunologisch zunehmend charakterisiert. Aus diesen Erkenntnissen können logische Grundprinzipien neuer Therapiekonzepte abgeleitet werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Tumorbiologie des Oropharynxkarzinoms
verfasst von
PD Dr. med. S. Laban
M Brand
J. Ezić
J. Doescher
G. Völkel
H. A. Kestler
C. Brunner
T. K. Hoffmann
Publikationsdatum
19.11.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
HNO / Ausgabe 4/2021
Print ISSN: 0017-6192
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-020-00964-4

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