Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Current Infectious Disease Reports 8/2014

01.08.2014 | Transplant and Oncology (M Ison, Section Editor)

The Current State and Future Prospects of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Treatment

verfasst von: Christopher Moore, Josh Levitsky

Erschienen in: Current Infectious Disease Reports | Ausgabe 8/2014

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant cause of chronic liver disease with substantial long-term sequelae. Until very recently, therapies to cure HCV were hindered by high nonresponse rates and severe side effects. The first-generation protease inhibitor-containing regimens provided superior cure rates for many HCV-infected patients, although their side-effect profile proved to be quite burdensome. We are now witnessing the emergence of therapies with superior cure rates, limited side effects, and broad genotypic activity. Two therapies, sofosbuvir (an NS5b polymerase inhibitor) and simeprevir (a second-generation NS3/4A protease inhibitor), were approved by the Food and Drug Administration in late 2013 for use in a number of HCV populations. This review focuses primarily upon these therapies and the key studies that support their use in practice. Furthermore, representative novel antiviral therapies, in advanced stages of testing, are also reviewed.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Alter HJ, Holland PV, Purcell RH. The emerging pattern of post-transfusion hepatitis. Am J Med Sci. 1975;270(2):329–34.PubMedCrossRef Alter HJ, Holland PV, Purcell RH. The emerging pattern of post-transfusion hepatitis. Am J Med Sci. 1975;270(2):329–34.PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Alter HJ, Purcell RH, Shih JW, et al. Detection of antibody to hepatitis C virus in prospectively followed transfusion recipients with acute and chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 1989;321(22):1494–500.PubMedCrossRef Alter HJ, Purcell RH, Shih JW, et al. Detection of antibody to hepatitis C virus in prospectively followed transfusion recipients with acute and chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 1989;321(22):1494–500.PubMedCrossRef
3.•
Zurück zum Zitat Alter HJ. The road not taken or how I learned to love the liver: a personal perspective on hepatitis history. Hepatology. 2014;59(1):4–12. An interesting history regarding the difficulties in the identification and diagnosis of the Hepatitis C virus.PubMedCrossRef Alter HJ. The road not taken or how I learned to love the liver: a personal perspective on hepatitis history. Hepatology. 2014;59(1):4–12. An interesting history regarding the difficulties in the identification and diagnosis of the Hepatitis C virus.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Walsh JH, Purcell RH, Morrow AG, et al. Posttransfusion hepatitis after open-heart operations. Incidence after the administration of blood from commercial and volunteer donor populations. JAMA. 1970;211(2):261–5.PubMedCrossRef Walsh JH, Purcell RH, Morrow AG, et al. Posttransfusion hepatitis after open-heart operations. Incidence after the administration of blood from commercial and volunteer donor populations. JAMA. 1970;211(2):261–5.PubMedCrossRef
5.
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Terrault N. Liver transplantation in the setting of chronic HCV. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;26(4):531–48.PubMedCrossRef Terrault N. Liver transplantation in the setting of chronic HCV. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;26(4):531–48.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Strassburg CP, Manns MP. Liver transplantation: indications and results. Internist (Berl). 2009;50(5):550–60.CrossRef Strassburg CP, Manns MP. Liver transplantation: indications and results. Internist (Berl). 2009;50(5):550–60.CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearlman BL, Traub N. Sustained virologic response to antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a cure and so much more. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52(7):889–900.PubMedCrossRef Pearlman BL, Traub N. Sustained virologic response to antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a cure and so much more. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52(7):889–900.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Dusheiko G, Main J, Thomas H, et al. Ribavirin treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C: results of a placebo-controlled study. J Hepatol. 1996;25(5):591–8.PubMedCrossRef Dusheiko G, Main J, Thomas H, et al. Ribavirin treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C: results of a placebo-controlled study. J Hepatol. 1996;25(5):591–8.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Davis GL, Balart LA, Schiff ER, et al. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with recombinant interferon alfa. A multicenter randomized, controlled trial. Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group. N Engl J Med. 1989;321(22):1501–6.PubMedCrossRef Davis GL, Balart LA, Schiff ER, et al. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with recombinant interferon alfa. A multicenter randomized, controlled trial. Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group. N Engl J Med. 1989;321(22):1501–6.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Poynard T, Marcellin P, Lee SS, et al. Randomised trial of interferon alpha2b plus ribavirin for 48 weeks or for 24 weeks versus interferon alpha2b plus placebo for 48 weeks for treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus. International Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group (IHIT). Lancet. 1998;352(9138):1426–32.PubMedCrossRef Poynard T, Marcellin P, Lee SS, et al. Randomised trial of interferon alpha2b plus ribavirin for 48 weeks or for 24 weeks versus interferon alpha2b plus placebo for 48 weeks for treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus. International Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group (IHIT). Lancet. 1998;352(9138):1426–32.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, Schiff ER, et al. Interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(21):1485–92.PubMedCrossRef McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, Schiff ER, et al. Interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(21):1485–92.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Zeuzem S, Feinman SV, Rasenack J, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(23):1666–72.PubMedCrossRef Zeuzem S, Feinman SV, Rasenack J, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(23):1666–72.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Lindsay KL, Trepo C, Heintges T, et al. A randomized, double-blind trial comparing pegylated interferon alfa-2b to interferon alfa-2b as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology. 2001;34(2):395–403.PubMedCrossRef Lindsay KL, Trepo C, Heintges T, et al. A randomized, double-blind trial comparing pegylated interferon alfa-2b to interferon alfa-2b as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology. 2001;34(2):395–403.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Manns MP, McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2001;358:958–65.PubMedCrossRef Manns MP, McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2001;358:958–65.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Hinrichsen H, Benhamou Y, Wedemeyer H, et al. Short-term antiviral efficacy of BILN 2061, a hepatitis C virus serine protease inhibitor, in hepatitis C genotype 1 patients. Gastroenterology. 2004;127(5):1347–55.PubMedCrossRef Hinrichsen H, Benhamou Y, Wedemeyer H, et al. Short-term antiviral efficacy of BILN 2061, a hepatitis C virus serine protease inhibitor, in hepatitis C genotype 1 patients. Gastroenterology. 2004;127(5):1347–55.PubMedCrossRef
18.
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Kwo P, Lawitz EJ, McCone J, et al. Efficacy of boceprevir, an NS3 protease inhibitor, in combination with peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C infection (SPRINT-1): an open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2010;376(9742):705–16.PubMedCrossRef Kwo P, Lawitz EJ, McCone J, et al. Efficacy of boceprevir, an NS3 protease inhibitor, in combination with peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C infection (SPRINT-1): an open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2010;376(9742):705–16.PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Jacobson IM, McHutchison JG, Dusheiko G, et al. Telaprevir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(25):2405–16.PubMedCrossRef Jacobson IM, McHutchison JG, Dusheiko G, et al. Telaprevir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(25):2405–16.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Hezode C, Forestier N, Dusheiko G, et al. Telaprevir and peginterferon with or without ribavirin for chronic HCV infection. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(18):1839–50.PubMedCrossRef Hezode C, Forestier N, Dusheiko G, et al. Telaprevir and peginterferon with or without ribavirin for chronic HCV infection. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(18):1839–50.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Simeprevir (Olysio) for chronic hepatitis C. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2014;56(1433):1–3. Simeprevir (Olysio) for chronic hepatitis C. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2014;56(1433):1–3.
23.
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Traynor K. Sofosbuvir approved for chronic hepatitis C infection. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2014;71(2):90. Traynor K. Sofosbuvir approved for chronic hepatitis C infection. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2014;71(2):90.
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Lawitz E, Gane EJ. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(7):678–9.PubMedCrossRef Lawitz E, Gane EJ. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(7):678–9.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat A Special Meeting Review Edition. Advances in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection from EASL 2013. The 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, 24–28 April 2013, Amsterdam. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N.Y.). 2013(6 Suppl 3):1–18. A Special Meeting Review Edition. Advances in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection from EASL 2013. The 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, 24–28 April 2013, Amsterdam. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N.Y.). 2013(6 Suppl 3):1–18.
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Witkop B. Paul Ehrlich and his magic bullets – revisited. Proc Am Philos Soc. 1999;143(4):540–57.PubMed Witkop B. Paul Ehrlich and his magic bullets – revisited. Proc Am Philos Soc. 1999;143(4):540–57.PubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Back D, Else L. The importance of drug-drug interactions in the DAA era. Dig Liver Dis. 2013;45 Suppl 5:S343–8.PubMedCrossRef Back D, Else L. The importance of drug-drug interactions in the DAA era. Dig Liver Dis. 2013;45 Suppl 5:S343–8.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Kiser J, Burton J, Everson G. Drug-drug interactions during antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;10(10):596–606.PubMedCrossRef Kiser J, Burton J, Everson G. Drug-drug interactions during antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;10(10):596–606.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Jacobson I, Dore G, Foster G. Simeprevir (TMC435) with peginterferon/ribavirin for treatment of chronic HCV genotype 1 infection in treatment-naive patients: efficacy in difficult-to-treat patient sub-populations in the QUEST 1 and 2 phase III trials. 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013). Washington, DC, 1–5 November 2013; Abstract 1122. Jacobson I, Dore G, Foster G. Simeprevir (TMC435) with peginterferon/ribavirin for treatment of chronic HCV genotype 1 infection in treatment-naive patients: efficacy in difficult-to-treat patient sub-populations in the QUEST 1 and 2 phase III trials. 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013). Washington, DC, 1–5 November 2013; Abstract 1122.
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Lawitz E, Forns X, Zeuzem S. Simeprevir (TMC-435) peginterferon/ribavirin for treatment of chronic HCV genotype-1 infection in patients who relapsed after previous interferon based therapy: results from PROMISE, a phase III trial. Digestive Disease Week 2013; Abstract 869. Lawitz E, Forns X, Zeuzem S. Simeprevir (TMC-435) peginterferon/ribavirin for treatment of chronic HCV genotype-1 infection in patients who relapsed after previous interferon based therapy: results from PROMISE, a phase III trial. Digestive Disease Week 2013; Abstract 869.
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Zeuzem S, Berg T, Gane E. TMC435 in HCV genotype 1 patients who have failed previous pegylated interferon/ribavirin treatment: final SVR24 results of the ASPIRE trial. Proceedings of the 47th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; 18–22 April 2012; Barcelona, Spain. Abstract 2. Zeuzem S, Berg T, Gane E. TMC435 in HCV genotype 1 patients who have failed previous pegylated interferon/ribavirin treatment: final SVR24 results of the ASPIRE trial. Proceedings of the 47th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; 18–22 April 2012; Barcelona, Spain. Abstract 2.
33.••
Zurück zum Zitat Jacobson I, Ghalib R, Rodriguez-Torres M. SVR results of a once-daily regimen of simeprevir (TMC435) plus sofosbuvir (GS-7977) with or without ribavirin in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic HCV genotype 1 treatment-naive and prior null responder patients: the COSMOS study. Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013); 1–5 November 2013; Washington, DC. Abstract LB-3. Initial results of an important study utilizing both FDA-approved oral therapies together, without ribavirin or pegylated-interferon. Additionally there were strong cure rates in traditionally difficult to treat patients. Jacobson I, Ghalib R, Rodriguez-Torres M. SVR results of a once-daily regimen of simeprevir (TMC435) plus sofosbuvir (GS-7977) with or without ribavirin in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic HCV genotype 1 treatment-naive and prior null responder patients: the COSMOS study. Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013); 1–5 November 2013; Washington, DC. Abstract LB-3. Initial results of an important study utilizing both FDA-approved oral therapies together, without ribavirin or pegylated-interferon. Additionally there were strong cure rates in traditionally difficult to treat patients.
35.
Zurück zum Zitat European Association for Study of Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2014;60(2):392–420.CrossRef European Association for Study of Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol. 2014;60(2):392–420.CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Koff RS. Review article: the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir, a novel, oral nucleotide NS5B polymerase inhibitor, in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014;39(5):478–87.PubMedCrossRef Koff RS. Review article: the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir, a novel, oral nucleotide NS5B polymerase inhibitor, in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014;39(5):478–87.PubMedCrossRef
38.
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi) for chronic hepatitis C. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2014;56(1434):5–6. Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi) for chronic hepatitis C. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2014;56(1434):5–6.
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Lawitz E, Mangia A, Wyles D. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:1878–87.PubMedCrossRef Lawitz E, Mangia A, Wyles D. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:1878–87.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Gane E, Lawitz E, Rodriguez-Torres M. Phase 3 randomized controlled trial of all-oral treatment with sofosbuvir+ribavirin for 12 weeks compared to 24 weeks of peg+ribavirin in treatment-naive GT2/3 HCV-infected patients (FISSION). Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; 24–28 April 2013; Amsterdam. Abstract 5. Gane E, Lawitz E, Rodriguez-Torres M. Phase 3 randomized controlled trial of all-oral treatment with sofosbuvir+ribavirin for 12 weeks compared to 24 weeks of peg+ribavirin in treatment-naive GT2/3 HCV-infected patients (FISSION). Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; 24–28 April 2013; Amsterdam. Abstract 5.
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Jacobson I, Yoshida E, Sulkowski M. Treatment with sofosbuvir + ribavirin for 12 weeks achieves SVR12 of 78% in GT2/3 interferon-ineligible, -intolerant, or -unwilling patients: results of the phase 3 POSITRON trial. Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; 24–28 April 2013; Amsterdam. Abstract 61. Jacobson I, Yoshida E, Sulkowski M. Treatment with sofosbuvir + ribavirin for 12 weeks achieves SVR12 of 78% in GT2/3 interferon-ineligible, -intolerant, or -unwilling patients: results of the phase 3 POSITRON trial. Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; 24–28 April 2013; Amsterdam. Abstract 61.
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Nelson D, Feld J, Kowdley K. All overall therapy with sofosbuvir + ribavirin for 12 or 16 weeks in treatment experienced GT2/3 HCV-infected patients: results of the phase 3 FUSION trial. Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; 24–28 April 2013; Amsterdam. Abstract 6. Nelson D, Feld J, Kowdley K. All overall therapy with sofosbuvir + ribavirin for 12 or 16 weeks in treatment experienced GT2/3 HCV-infected patients: results of the phase 3 FUSION trial. Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; 24–28 April 2013; Amsterdam. Abstract 6.
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Zeuzem S, Dusheiko G, Salupere R. Sofosbuvir + ribavirin for 12 or 24 weeks for patients with HCV genotype 2 or 3: the VALENCE trial. Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013); 1–5 November 2013; Washington, DC. Abstract 1085. Zeuzem S, Dusheiko G, Salupere R. Sofosbuvir + ribavirin for 12 or 24 weeks for patients with HCV genotype 2 or 3: the VALENCE trial. Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013); 1–5 November 2013; Washington, DC. Abstract 1085.
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Sulkowski M, Rodriguez-Torres M, Lalezari J. All-oral therapy with sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for the treatment of HCV genotype 1, 2, and 3 infection in patients co-infected with HIV (PHOTON-1). Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013); 1–5 November 2013; Washington, DC. Abstract 212. Sulkowski M, Rodriguez-Torres M, Lalezari J. All-oral therapy with sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for the treatment of HCV genotype 1, 2, and 3 infection in patients co-infected with HIV (PHOTON-1). Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013); 1–5 November 2013; Washington, DC. Abstract 212.
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Mazzaferro V, Regalia E, Doci R, et al. Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(11):693–9.PubMedCrossRef Mazzaferro V, Regalia E, Doci R, et al. Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(11):693–9.PubMedCrossRef
47.••
Zurück zum Zitat Curry M, Forns X, Chung R. Pretransplant sofosbuvir and ribavirin to prevent recurrence of HCV infection after liver transplantation. Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013); 1–5 November 2013; Washington, DC. Abstract 213. Important study detailing the efficacy of this therapy administered before liver transplantation in achieving SVR-12 weeks after liver transplantation. Additionally, the study demonstrates important guidance on duration of therapy before liver transplantation and duration of viral negativity before liver transplantation to achieve this SVR. Curry M, Forns X, Chung R. Pretransplant sofosbuvir and ribavirin to prevent recurrence of HCV infection after liver transplantation. Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013); 1–5 November 2013; Washington, DC. Abstract 213. Important study detailing the efficacy of this therapy administered before liver transplantation in achieving SVR-12 weeks after liver transplantation. Additionally, the study demonstrates important guidance on duration of therapy before liver transplantation and duration of viral negativity before liver transplantation to achieve this SVR.
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Sulkowski M, Gardiner DF, Rodriguez-Torres M, et al. Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir for previously treated or untreated chronic HCV infection. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(3):211–21.PubMedCrossRef Sulkowski M, Gardiner DF, Rodriguez-Torres M, et al. Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir for previously treated or untreated chronic HCV infection. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(3):211–21.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Dore G, Lawitz E, Hezode C. Daclatasvir combined with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for 12 or 16 weeks in patients with HCV genotype 2 or 3 infection: COMMAND GT2/3 study. Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; 24–28 April 2013; Amsterdam. Abstract 1418. Dore G, Lawitz E, Hezode C. Daclatasvir combined with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for 12 or 16 weeks in patients with HCV genotype 2 or 3 infection: COMMAND GT2/3 study. Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; 24–28 April 2013; Amsterdam. Abstract 1418.
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Kowdley K, Lawitz E, Poordad F, et al. Phase 2b trial of interferon-free therapy for hepatitis C virus genotype 1. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(3):222–32.PubMedCrossRef Kowdley K, Lawitz E, Poordad F, et al. Phase 2b trial of interferon-free therapy for hepatitis C virus genotype 1. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(3):222–32.PubMedCrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Lawitz E, Poordad FF, Pang PS, et al. Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection (LONESTAR): an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2014;383(9916):515–23.PubMedCrossRef Lawitz E, Poordad FF, Pang PS, et al. Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection (LONESTAR): an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2014;383(9916):515–23.PubMedCrossRef
54.••
Zurück zum Zitat Gilead. Gilead announces SVR12 rates from three phase 3 studies evaluating a once-daily fixed-dose combination of sofosbuvir ledipasvir for genotype 1 hepatitis C patients. Foster City, CA: Gilead Sciences. http://www.gilead.com/news/press-releases/2013/12/gilead-announces-svr12-rates-from-three-phase-3-studies-evaluating-a-oncedaily-fixeddose-combination-of-sofosbuvir-and-ledipasvir-for-genotype-1-hepatitis-c-patients. Accessed 13 May 2014. The ION trials were important in demonstrating high SVR rates in a diverse group of genotype 1 patients, including a treatment-experienced cohort. This trial also used a fixed-dose combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir, i.e. one pill – a significant achievement in design compared to prior therapies requiring a multitude of pills per day (and injections). Gilead. Gilead announces SVR12 rates from three phase 3 studies evaluating a once-daily fixed-dose combination of sofosbuvir ledipasvir for genotype 1 hepatitis C patients. Foster City, CA: Gilead Sciences. http://​www.​gilead.​com/​news/​press-releases/​2013/​12/​gilead-announces-svr12-rates-from-three-phase-3-studies-evaluating-a-oncedaily-fixeddose-combination-of-sofosbuvir-and-ledipasvir-for-genotype-1-hepatitis-c-patients.​ Accessed 13 May 2014. The ION trials were important in demonstrating high SVR rates in a diverse group of genotype 1 patients, including a treatment-experienced cohort. This trial also used a fixed-dose combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir, i.e. one pill – a significant achievement in design compared to prior therapies requiring a multitude of pills per day (and injections).
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Watt K, Veldt B, Charlton M. A practical guide to the management of HCV infection following liver transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2009;9(8):1707–13.PubMedCrossRef Watt K, Veldt B, Charlton M. A practical guide to the management of HCV infection following liver transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2009;9(8):1707–13.PubMedCrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Charlton M, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for the treatment of established recurrent hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation: preliminary results of a prospective, multicenter study. Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013); 1–5 November 2013; Washington, DC. Abstract LB-2. Charlton M, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for the treatment of established recurrent hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation: preliminary results of a prospective, multicenter study. Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2013); 1–5 November 2013; Washington, DC. Abstract LB-2.
57.
Zurück zum Zitat ClinicalTrials.gov. An expanded access phase 2 study of sofosbuvir with ribavirin and with or without pegylated interferon for 24 weeks in subjects who have undergone liver transplantation and who have aggressive, recurrent hepatitis C infection. http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01779518. Accessed 13 May 2014. ClinicalTrials.gov. An expanded access phase 2 study of sofosbuvir with ribavirin and with or without pegylated interferon for 24 weeks in subjects who have undergone liver transplantation and who have aggressive, recurrent hepatitis C infection. http://​clinicaltrials.​gov/​ct2/​show/​NCT01779518.​ Accessed 13 May 2014.
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Fontana RJ, Hughes EA, Bifano M, et al. Sofosbuvir and daclatasvir combination therapy in a liver transplant recipient with severe recurrent cholestatic hepatitis C. Am J Transplant. 2013;13(6):1601–5.PubMedCrossRef Fontana RJ, Hughes EA, Bifano M, et al. Sofosbuvir and daclatasvir combination therapy in a liver transplant recipient with severe recurrent cholestatic hepatitis C. Am J Transplant. 2013;13(6):1601–5.PubMedCrossRef
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Fleming KM, Aithal GP, Card TR, West J. The rate of decompensation and clinical progression of disease in people with cirrhosis: a cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010;32(11–12):1343–50.PubMedCrossRef Fleming KM, Aithal GP, Card TR, West J. The rate of decompensation and clinical progression of disease in people with cirrhosis: a cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010;32(11–12):1343–50.PubMedCrossRef
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Firpi RJ, Clark V, Soldevila-Pico C, et al. The natural history of hepatitis C cirrhosis after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2009;15(9):1063–71.PubMedCrossRef Firpi RJ, Clark V, Soldevila-Pico C, et al. The natural history of hepatitis C cirrhosis after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2009;15(9):1063–71.PubMedCrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Werner CR, Egetemeyr DP, Lauer UM, et al. Telaprevir-based triple therapy in liver transplant patients with hepatitis C virus: a 12-week pilot study providing safety and efficacy data. Liver Transpl. 2012;18(12):1464–70.PubMedCrossRef Werner CR, Egetemeyr DP, Lauer UM, et al. Telaprevir-based triple therapy in liver transplant patients with hepatitis C virus: a 12-week pilot study providing safety and efficacy data. Liver Transpl. 2012;18(12):1464–70.PubMedCrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Coilly A, Roche B, Samuel D. Current management and perspectives for HCV recurrence after liver transplantation. Liver Int. 2013;33 Suppl 1:56–62.PubMedCrossRef Coilly A, Roche B, Samuel D. Current management and perspectives for HCV recurrence after liver transplantation. Liver Int. 2013;33 Suppl 1:56–62.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
The Current State and Future Prospects of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Treatment
verfasst von
Christopher Moore
Josh Levitsky
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2014
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Infectious Disease Reports / Ausgabe 8/2014
Print ISSN: 1523-3847
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-3146
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-014-0413-1

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2014

Current Infectious Disease Reports 8/2014 Zur Ausgabe

Transplant and Oncology (M Ison, Section Editor)

Update on Fungal Diagnostics

Healthcare Associated Infections (G Bearman and D Morgan, Section Editors)

Scabies and Bedbugs in Hospital Outbreaks

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

RAS-Blocker bei Hyperkaliämie möglichst nicht sofort absetzen

14.05.2024 Hyperkaliämie Nachrichten

Bei ausgeprägter Nierenfunktionsstörung steigen unter der Einnahme von Renin-Angiotensin-System(RAS)-Hemmstoffen nicht selten die Serumkaliumspiegel. Was in diesem Fall zu tun ist, erklärte Prof. Jürgen Floege beim diesjährigen Allgemeinmedizin-Update-Seminar.

Gestationsdiabetes: In der zweiten Schwangerschaft folgenreicher als in der ersten

13.05.2024 Gestationsdiabetes Nachrichten

Das Risiko, nach einem Gestationsdiabetes einen Typ-2-Diabetes zu entwickeln, hängt nicht nur von der Zahl, sondern auch von der Reihenfolge der betroffenen Schwangerschaften ab.

Labor, CT-Anthropometrie zeigen Risiko für Pankreaskrebs

13.05.2024 Pankreaskarzinom Nachrichten

Gerade bei aggressiven Malignomen wie dem duktalen Adenokarzinom des Pankreas könnte Früherkennung die Therapiechancen verbessern. Noch jedoch klafft hier eine Lücke. Ein Studienteam hat einen Weg gesucht, sie zu schließen.

Battle of Experts: Sport vs. Spritze bei Adipositas und Typ-2-Diabetes

11.05.2024 DDG-Jahrestagung 2024 Kongressbericht

Im Battle of Experts traten zwei Experten auf dem Diabeteskongress gegeneinander an: Die eine vertrat die Auffassung „Sport statt Spritze“ bei Adipositas und Typ-2-Diabetes, der andere forderte „Spritze statt Sport!“ Am Ende waren sie sich aber einig: Die Kombination aus beidem erzielt die besten Ergebnisse.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.