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Journal of NeuroVirology

Erschienen in:

18.01.2021

Viral protein R polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated acute ischaemic stroke: a case–control study

verfasst von: Kate McMullen, Kathleen Bateman, Alan Stanley, Marc Combrinck, Susan Engelbrecht, Alan Bryer

Erschienen in: Journal of NeuroVirology | Ausgabe 1/2021

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Abstract

HIV-1 viral proteins have been implicated in endothelial dysfunction, which is a major determinant of ischaemic stroke risk in HIV-infected individuals. Polymorphisms in HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) may alter its potential to promote endothelial dysfunction, by modifying its effects on viral replication, reactivation of latent cells, upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and infection of macrophages. We analysed Vpr polymorphisms and their association with acute ischaemic stroke by comparing Vpr signature amino acids between 54 HIV-infected individuals with acute ischaemic stroke, and 80 age-matched HIV-infected non-stroke controls. Isoleucine at position 22 and serine at position 41 were associated with ischaemic stroke in HIV. Individuals with stroke had lower CD4 counts and CD4 nadirs than controls. These polymorphisms are unique to individuals with stroke compared to South African subtype C and the control group consensus sequences. Signature Vpr polymorphisms are associated with acute ischaemic stroke in HIV. These may increase stroke risk by promoting endothelial dysfunction and susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Therapeutic targeting of HIV-1 viral proteins may present an additional mechanism of decreasing stroke risk in HIV-infected individuals.

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Titel: Viral protein R polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated acute ischaemic stroke: a case–control study
verfasst von: Kate McMullen
Kathleen Bateman
Alan Stanley
Marc Combrinck
Susan Engelbrecht
Alan Bryer
Publikationsdatum: 18.01.2021
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in: Journal of NeuroVirology / Ausgabe 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1355-0284
Elektronische ISSN: 1538-2443
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-020-00936-y

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