Background
Methods
Study design
Participants
Healthcare workers
Clients
The intervention
Outcomes
Sample size
Randomisation and implementation
Allocation concealment mechanism
Statistical methods
Process evaluation
Results
Variable | Control | Intervention | Missing |
---|---|---|---|
Healthcare workers (n = 386) | |||
Age | 1 | ||
Age 18–39 | 23.1 | 27.2 | |
Age 40–54 | 52.5 | 46.3 | |
Age 55 and older | 24.4 | 26.5 | |
Sex | 5 | ||
Male | 23.0 | 16.4 | |
Female | 77.0 | 83.6 | |
Psychometric scales | |||
Physical work ability | 3.15 (0.98) | 3.10 (0.91) | 4 |
Mental work ability | 3.05 (0.94) | 3.04 (0.87) | 6 |
Cognitive demands | 4.29 (0.46) | 4.32 (0.41) | 1 |
Emotional demands | 3.81 (0.62) | 3.85 (0.57) | 2 |
Low job control | 3.24 (0.65) | 3.14 (0.67) | 1 |
Low predictability of work tasks | 2.87 (0.70) | 2.83 (0.73) | 1 |
Role clarity | 2.16 (0.62) | 2.11 (0.70) | 2 |
Role conflict | 3.12 (0.75) | 3.19 (0.77) | 1 |
Low development chances | 2.30 (0.62) | 2.20 (0.63) | 1 |
Efforts | 2.62 (0.69) | 2.58 (0.61) | 4 |
Rewards | 1.84 (0.59) | 1.82 (0.53) | 23 |
Effort-Reward Imbalance | 0.89 (0.40) | 0.85 (0.32) | 26 |
Overcommitment | 2.59 (0.61) | 2.59 (0.56) | 2 |
Supervisor behaviours | 3.16 (0.94) | 3.16 (0.95) | 3 |
Unsupportive colleagues | 1.88 (0.67) | 1.94 (0.74) | 2 |
Negative affect | 1.86 (0.64) | 1.77 (0.55) | 3 |
Variable | Control | Intervention | Missing |
---|---|---|---|
Patients (n = 632) | |||
Age | 4 | ||
Age 18–49 | 22.9 | 17.5 | |
Age 50–69 | 38.4 | 27.9 | |
Age 70 and older | 38.7 | 54.6 | |
Sex | 2 | ||
Male | 47.1 | 50.0 | |
Female | 52.9 | 50.0 | |
Length of hospital stay (days) | 7.26 (7.84) | 6.90 (7.61) | 5 |
Psychometric scales | |||
Trust | 3.71 (0.46) | 3.77 (0.38) | 4 |
Support | 3.58 (0.57) | 3.68 (0.46) | 28 |
Availability | 3.57 (0.51) | 3.64 (0.44) | 2 |
Decisional control | 4.36 (0.56) | 4.35 (0.51) | 4 |
Individuals in elderly care (n = 150) | |||
Age | 0 | ||
Age 50–79 | 42.9 | 24.2 | |
Age 80–89 | 50.0 | 49.5 | |
Age 90 and older | 7.1 | 26.3 | |
Sex | 0 | ||
Male | 42.9 | 28.4 | |
Female | 57.1 | 71.6 | |
Years being in elderly care | 4.54 (3.74) | 3.96 (3.78) | 8 |
Psychometric scales | |||
Trust | 3.29 (0.72) | 3.76 (0.43) | 7 |
Support | 3.07 (0.82) | 3.60 (0.45) | 9 |
Decisional control | 4.10 (0.89) | 4.47 (0.67) | 12 |
Person-focused care | 3.19 (1.04) | 3.30 (1.20) | 10 |
Variable | Physical work ability | Mental work ability | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||||||
Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | |
Intercept | 4.79 (0.28) | [4.20; 5.29] | 5.00 (0.30) | [4.40; 5.59] | −0.18 (0.72) | [−1.61; 1.12] | 4.90 (0.27) | [4.38; 5.42] | 5.51 (0.28) | [4.90; 6.00] | 2.35 (0.68) | [1.07; 3.78] |
Intervention (ref. control) | − 0.10 (0.11) | [− 0.32; 0.10] | − 0.09 (0.11) | [− 0.32; 0.12] | − 0.06 (0.11) | [− 0.28; 0.14] | − 0.05 (0.11) | [− 0.26; 0.16] | − 0.09 (0.11) | [− 0.31; 0.10] | − 0.04 (0.11) | [− 0.27; 0.15] |
ERI | − 0.80 (0.17) | [−1.13; − 0.50] | − 0.59 (0.18) | [− 0.92; − 0.24] | − 0.24 (0.18) | [− 0.58; 0.09] | − 0.42 (0.17) | [− 0.74; − 0.10] | −0.12 (0.19) | [− 0.50; 0.24] | 0.01 (0.18) | [− 0.33; 0.37] |
Overcommitment | −0.28 (0.11) | [− 0.50; − 0.09] | − 0.15 (0.12) | [− 0.38; 0.07] | − 0.04 (0.11) | [− 0.26; 0.18] | −0.56 (0.11) | [− 0.76; − 0.35] | −0.38 (0.11) | [− 0.62; − 0.19] | −0.25 (0.11) | [− 0.47; − 0.05] |
DIC | 881 | 874 | 773 | 863 | 827 | 793 | ||||||
Residual variance | 0.884 | 0.874 | 0.783 | 0.866 | 0.831 | 0.800 |
Patients (n = 577) | ||||||||
Dependent variables: | Trust in carers | Support by carers | Availability of carers | Decisional control over care | ||||
Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | |
Intercept | 3.44 (0.65) | [2.16; 4.83] | 3.35 (0.69) | [2.16; 4.82] | 3.59 (0.64) | [2.42; 4.95] | 4.54 (0.68) | [3.35; 5.94] |
Intervention (ref. control) | 0.03 (0.09) | [−0.16; 0.22] | 0.06 (0.09) | [−0.11; 0.23] | 0.04 (0.09) | [−0.16; 0.19] | − 0.01 (0.09) | [− 0.20; 0.16] |
Physical work ability | 0.00 (0.07) | [−0.14; 0.13] | 0.01 (0.07) | [−0.13; 0.13] | 0.01 (0.07) | [−0.15; 0.13] | 0.02 (0.07) | [−0.13; 0.16] |
Mental work ability | −0.00 (0.09) | [−0.17; 0.20] | 0.01 (0.10) | [−0.17; 0.20] | − 0.05 (0.09) | [− 0.23; 0.13] | −0.07 (0.10) | [− 0.26; 0.10] |
ERI | 0.01 (0.25) | [−0.48; 0.47] | 0.11 (0.25) | [−0.34; 0.64] | 0.04 (0.26) | [−0.43; 0.56] | 0.32 (0.26) | [−0.26; 0.79] |
Overcommitment | −0.01 (0.18) | [−0.36; 0.35] | − 0.11 (0.19) | [− 0.43; 0.28] | −0.09 (0.18) | [− 0.43; 0.29] | −0.22 (0.19) | [− 0.57; 0.17] |
DIC | 902 | 1044 | 985 | 1067 | ||||
Residual variance | 0.550 | 0.607 | 0.583 | 0.617 | ||||
Individuals in elderly care (n = 96) | ||||||||
Dependent variables: | Trust in carers | Support by carers | Decisional control over care | Person-focused care | ||||
Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | Beta (SE) | 95% CI | |
Intercept | 2.96 (0.56) | [1.76; 3.97] | 3.09 (0.59) | [1.98; 4.30] | 4.19 (0.57) | [3.13; 5.31] | 3.69 (0.60) | [2.48; 4.83] |
General health | 0.13 (0.12) | [−0.13; 0.35] | 0.08 (0.12) | [−0.15; 0.33] | −0.05 (0.12) | [−0.28; 0.19] | 0.05 (0.13) | [−0.20; 0.29] |
Intervention (ref. control) | 0.38 (0.38) | [−0.31; 1.13] | 0.39 (0.39) | [−0.39; 1.12] | 0.22 (0.39) | [−0.50; 1.01] | 0.16 (0.38) | [−0.57; 0.86] |
DIC | 212 | 207 | 221 | 292 | ||||
Residual variance | 0.899 | 0.890 | 0.908 | 1.018 |