Introduction
Methods
Optical coherence tomography angiography OCTA evaluation
Statistical method
Results
1st visit | Sound | Amblyopic | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N = 32 | N = 32 | |||
Age of patients (years) | Range Mean ± SD | 7–12 9.52 ± 1.33 | ||
Log MAR BCVA | Range Mean ± SD | (0–0) 0 ± 0 | (0.7–1) 0.8 ± 0.1 | < 0.001* |
Refraction (D) | Range Mean ± SD Median/IQR | (− 0.25:0.25) 0 ± 2 0/(− 0.25:0.25) | (− 6: -4) − 4.9 ± 0.7 − 4.9/(− 5.5: − 4.3) | < 0.001* |
Foveal thickness | Range Mean ± SD | (224–255) 245.7 ± 10.2 | (236–258) 244.4 ± 6.9 | 0.547 |
Parafoveal thickness | Range Mean ± SD | (294–312) 301 ± 5.2 | (297–339) 313.6 ± 17.1 | < 0.001* |
Superficial FAZ (mm2) | Range Mean ± SD | (0.13–0.4) 0.23 ± 0.1 | (0.15–0.45) 0.26 ± 0.12 | 0.206 |
Deep FAZ (mm2) | Range Mean ± SD | (0.2–0.41) 0.28 ± 0.07 | (0.23–0.45) 0.31 ± 0.09 | 0.161 |
Superficial whole VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (47.2–54.6) 51.8 ± 2.4 | (47.8–51.8) 49.2 ± 1.6 | < 0.001* |
Superficial foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (27.2–42.3) 37.6 ± 5.5 | (26.2–44.3) 36.2 ± 6.5 | 0.368 |
Superficial parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (47.6–54.9) 52.1 ± 2.4 | (47.7–53.6) 50.6 ± 2 | 0.008* |
Deep whole-image VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (52.4–62.1) 58.6 ± 3.4 | (50.7–63.2) 57 ± 4.4 | 0.097 |
Deep foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (30.6–45.1) 40 ± 5.9 | (25.8–46.9) 39.2 ± 7.2 | 0.635 |
Deep parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (57.7–66.6) 64.2 ± 2.9 | (57.6–68.1) 63.3 ± 3.4 | 0.258 |
Choriocapillaris whole-image VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (63.6–69.5) 67.4 ± 1.8 | (63.9–70.7) 65.7 ± 2.1 | < 0.001* |
Choriocapillaris foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (61.6–69.6) 65.4 ± 2 | (61–68.5) 63.7 ± 2.3 | 0.003* |
Choriocapillaris parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (61.4–72) 65.8 ± 2.4 | (62.6–71.9) 65.3 ± 2.8 | 0.432 |
Amblyopic eye | Pre-treatment | Post-treatment | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N = 32 | N = 32 | |||
Refraction (D) | Range Mean ± SD | (− 6.00: − 4.00) − 4.9 ± 0.7 | (− 6.00: − 4.00) − 4.9 ± 0.7 | 1 |
Log MAR BCVA | Range Mean ± SD | (0.7–1) 0.8 ± 0.1 | (0–0.2) 0.1 ± 0.1 | < 0.001* |
Superficial FAZ (mm2) | Range Mean ± SD | (0.15–0.45) 0.26 ± 0.12 | (0.13–0.36) 0.22 ± 0.09 | 0.020* |
Deep FAZ (mm2) | Range Mean ± SD | (0.23–0.45) 0.31 ± 0.09 | (0.24–0.44) 0.31 ± 0.07 | 0.894 |
Superficial whole VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (47.8–51.8) 49.2 ± 1.6 | (49.9–52.8) 51 ± 1.1 | < 0.001* |
Superficial foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (26.2–44.3) 36.2 ± 6.5 | (31.2–45.2) 39.5 ± 5.4 | < 0.001* |
Superficial parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (47.7–53.6) 50.6 ± 2 | (50.3–55.6) 53.2 ± 1.5 | < 0.001* |
Deep whole-image VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (50.7–63.2) 57 ± 4.4 | (53.1–64.1) 60.5 ± 2.6 | < 0.001* |
Deep foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (25.8–46.9) 39.2 ± 7.2 | (35.3–47.9) 43.3 ± 4.6 | < 0.001* |
Deep parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (57.6–68.1) 63.3 ± 3.4 | (63.1–78) 66.4 ± 2.9 | < 0.001* |
Choriocapillaris whole-image VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (63.9–70.7) 65.7 ± 2.1 | (64.2–68.9) 65.9 ± 1.4 | 0.717 |
Choriocapillaris foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (61–68.5) 63.7 ± 2.3 | (60.3–69.1) 64.7 ± 3.1 | 0.030* |
Choriocapillaris parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (62.6–71.9) 65.3 ± 2.8 | (64.3–68.8) 66.1 ± 1.4 | 0.209 |
Amblyopic eye Pre-treatment | Glasses | Glasses + patching | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N = 17 | N = 15 | |||
Refraction (D) | Range Mean ± SD | (− 6.00: − 4.00) − 4.7 ± 0.5 | (− 6.00: − 4.00) − 5.2 ± 0.7 | 0.011* |
Log MAR BCVA | Range Mean ± SD | (0.7–1) 0.8 ± 0.1 | (0.7–1) 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.010* |
Superficial FAZ (mm2) | Range Mean ± SD | (0.15–0.44) 0.22 ± 0.09 | (0.15–0.45) 0.32 ± 0.13 | 0.015* |
Deep FAZ (mm2) | Range Mean ± SD | (0.23–0.43) 0.27 ± 0.06 | (0.23–0.45) 0.35 ± 0.1 | 0.010* |
Superficial whole VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (47.8–51.8) 49.6 ± 1.9 | (47.8–50.6) 48.8 ± 1.2 | 0.179 |
Superficial foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (35.2–44.3) 40 ± 4.1 | (26.2–39.7) 31.9 ± 6.2 | < 0.001* |
Superficial parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (48.4–53.6) 51.5 ± 2 | (47.7–51.4) 49.5 ± 1.5 | 0.004* |
Deep whole-image VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (51.7–63.2) 59.4 ± 3.8 | (50.7–58.6) 54.2 ± 3.2 | < 0.001* |
Deep foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (40.3–46.9) 43.8 ± 2.9 | (25.8–44) 34 ± 7.1 | < 0.001* |
Deep parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (61.2–68.1) 65.6 ± 2.3 | (57.6–64.4) 60.7 ± 2.3 | < 0.001* |
Choriocapillaris whole-image VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (64.9–65.5) 65 ± 0.2 | (63.9–70.7) 66.5 ± 2.9 | 0.049* |
Choriocapillaris foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (61–64.1) 62.6 ± 1.4 | (62.3–68.5) 65 ± 2.4 | 0.001* |
Choriocapillaris parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (62.7–65.1) 64.5 ± 0.7 | (62.6–71.9) 66.3 ± 3.8 | 0.060 |
Amblyopic eye Post-treatment | Glasses | Glasses + patching | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N = 17 | N = 15 | |||
Refraction (D) | Range Mean ± SD | (− 6.00: − 4.00) − 4.7 ± 0.5 | (− 6.00: − 4.00) − 5.2 ± 0.7 | 0.011*> |
Log MAR BCVA | Range Mean ± SD | (0–0.2) 0 ± 0.1 | (0–0.2) 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.002* |
Superficial FAZ (mm2) | Range Mean ± SD | (0.13–0.33) 0.17 ± 05 | (0.15–0.36) 0.27 ± 0.1 | 0.001* |
Deep FAZ (mm2) | Range Mean ± SD | (0.25–0.43) 0.27 ± 0.04 | (0.24–0.44) 0.35 ± 0.08 | 0.003* |
Superficial whole VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (49.9–52.1) 50.8 ± 1 | (49.9–52.8) 51.3 ± 1.1 | 0.234 |
Superficial foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (31.2–45.2) 42.3 ± 3.4 | (31.2–45.2) 36.3 ± 5.5 | 0.001* |
Superficial parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (50.3–54.1) 52.9 ± 1.2 | (50.3–55.6) 53.6 ± 1.8 | 0.192 |
Deep whole-image VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (53.1–63.6) 61.2 ± 2.6 | (57.4–64.1) 59.7 ± 2.3 | 0.086 |
Deep foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (37.4–47) 45.6 ± 2.3 | (35.3–47.9) 40.6 ± 5.2 | 0.001* |
Deep parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (63.7–78) 67.6 ± 3 | (63.1–69.1) 65.1 ± 2.1 | 0.008* |
Choriocapillaris whole-image VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (64.2–68.9) 66.2 ± 1.8 | (64.8–66) 65.5 ± 0.5 | 0.118 |
Choriocapillaris foveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (60.3–69.1) 64.2 ± 3.7 | (61–67.5) 65.2 ± 2.2 | 0.404 |
Choriocapillaris parafoveal VD (%) | Range Mean ± SD | (64.4–68.8) 66.5 ± 1.6 | (64.3–67.3) 65.7 ± 1 | 0.082 |
Difference (pre-post) | Glasses | Glasses + patching | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N = 17 | N = 15 | |||
Refraction (D) | Median IQR | 0 (0:0) | 0 (0:0) | 1 |
Log MAR BCVA | Median IQR | 0.7 (0.7:0.8) | 0.7 (0.7:0.8) | 0.444 |
Superficial FAZ (mm2) | Median IQR | 0 (0:0.1) | 0.1 (0:0.1) | 0.126 |
Deep FAZ (mm2) | Median IQR | 0 (0:0) | 0 (0:0.1) | 0.112 |
Superficial whole VD (%) | Median IQR | − 2 (− 2.2: − 0.3) | − 2 (− 2.6: − 1.9) | 0.135 |
Superficial foveal VD (%) | Median IQR | − 0.8 (− 6.1: − 0.8) | − 4.5 (− 6.5: − 3.3) | 0.023* |
Superficial parafoveal VD (%) | Median IQR | − 1.9 (− 2.3: − 0.4) | − 4.3 (− 5.8: − 2.1) | < 0.001* |
Deep whole-image VD (%) | Median IQR | − 1.3 (− 2.8: − 0.3) | − 6.4 (− 6.5: − 2.1) | 0.003* |
Deep foveal VD (%) | Median IQR | − 1.6 (− 4:0) | − 6.6 (− 9.6: − 5.6) | < 0.001* |
Deep parafoveal VD (%) | Median IQR | − 1.1 (− 1.9: − 0.2) | − 5.5 (− 5.6: − 2.4) | 0.002* |
Choriocapillaris whole-image VD (%) | Median IQR | − 0.3 (− 4:0) | − 0.5 (− 1.2:4.9) | 0.450 |
Choriocapillaris foveal VD (%) | Median IQR | − 0.4 (− 4.9:0.1) | 0.3 (− 0.1:1) | 0.022* |
Choriocapillaris parafoveal VD (%) | Median IQR | − 1.4 (− 3.7: − 0.7) | − 1.5 (− 1.9:6.6) | 0.326 |