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Journal of NeuroVirology

Erschienen in:

03.02.2021 | COVID-19 | Review Zur Zeit gratis

Potential mechanisms of cerebrovascular diseases in COVID-19 patients

verfasst von: Manxue Lou, Dezhi Yuan, Shengtao Liao, Linyan Tong, Jinfang Li

Erschienen in: Journal of NeuroVirology | Ausgabe 1/2021

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Abstract

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 2019, it is gaining worldwide attention at the moment. Apart from respiratory manifestations, neurological dysfunction in COVID-19 patients, especially the occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), has been intensively investigated. In this review, the effects of COVID-19 infection on CVD were summarized as follows: (I) angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) may be involved in the attack on vascular endothelial cells by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), leading to endothelial damage and increased subintimal inflammation, which are followed by hemorrhage or thrombosis; (II) SARS-CoV-2 could alter the expression/activity of ACE2, consequently resulting in the disruption of renin-angiotensin system which is associated with the occurrence and progression of atherosclerosis; (III) upregulation of neutrophil extracellular traps has been detected in COVID-19 patients, which is closely associated with immunothrombosis; (IV) the inflammatory cascade induced by SARS-CoV-2 often leads to hypercoagulability and promotes the formation and progress of atherosclerosis; (V) antiphospholipid antibodies are also detected in plasma of some severe cases, which aggravate the thrombosis through the formation of immune complexes; (VI) hyperglycemia in COVID-19 patients may trigger CVD by increasing oxidative stress and blood viscosity; (VII) the COVID-19 outbreak is a global emergency and causes psychological stress, which could be a potential risk factor of CVD as coagulation, and fibrinolysis may be affected. In this review, we aimed to further our understanding of CVD-associated COVID-19 infection, which could improve the therapeutic outcomes of patients. Personalized treatments should be offered to COVID-19 patients at greater risk for stroke in future clinical practice.

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Titel: Potential mechanisms of cerebrovascular diseases in COVID-19 patients
verfasst von: Manxue Lou
Dezhi Yuan
Shengtao Liao
Linyan Tong
Jinfang Li
Publikationsdatum: 03.02.2021
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Schlagwort: COVID-19
Erschienen in: Journal of NeuroVirology / Ausgabe 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1355-0284
Elektronische ISSN: 1538-2443
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-021-00948-2

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