Background
Materials and methods
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
General data
Groups | Sex | Age | BMD T value | Injury | Level | Time from injury to surgery | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | (years) | (SD) | sprain | fall | T11 | T12 | L1 | L2 | (years) | |
PJK Group (n = 30) | 12 | 18 | 73.6 ± 5.3 | − 4.5 ± 0.4 | 6 | 24 | 5 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 5.8 ± 2.2 |
Non-PJK Group (n = 65) | 20 | 45 | 64.5 ± 5.2 | − 3.5 ± 0.4 | 25 | 40 | 12 | 25 | 20 | 8 | 6.1 ± 2.8 |
χ2/t value | 0.783 | 7.858 | 12.164 | 0.038 | 0.187 | 0.396 | |||||
P value | 0.376 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.845 | 0.980 | 0.652 |
Surgical techniques
Observation indicator
Statistical analysis
Results
The incidence of PJK
Univariate analysis
Factors | All patients (n = 95) | PJK Group (n = 30) | Non-PJK Group (n = 65) | χ2 value | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (%) | |||||
60 ~ 64 years | 28 (29.5) | 1 (3.3) | 27 (41.5) | 34.257 | 0.000 |
65 ~ 70 years | 40 (42.1) | 9 (30.0) | 31 (47.7) | ||
> 70 years | 27 (28.4) | 20 (66.7) | 7 (10.8) | ||
BMI (%) | |||||
< 24.0 kg/m2 | 27 (28.4) | 2 (6.7) | 25 (38.5) | 33.035 | 0.000 |
24.0 ~ 28.0 kg/m2 | 39 (41.1) | 7 (23.3) | 32 (49.2) | ||
> 28.0 kg/m2 | 29 (30.5) | 21 (70.0) | 8 (12.3) | ||
BMD (%) | |||||
− 3.5SD ≤ T value ≤ -2.5SD | 58 (61.1) | 7 (23.3) | 51 (78.5) | 26.235 | 0.000 |
T value < − 3.5SD | 37 (38.9) | 23 (76.7) | 14 (21.5) | ||
Smoking (%) | |||||
No | 62 (65.3) | 20 (66.7) | 42 (64.6) | 0.038 | 0.845 |
Yes | 33 (34.7) | 10 (33.3) | 23 (35.4) | ||
Combined diseases (%) | |||||
Hypertension | 35 (36.8) | 10 (33.3) | 25 (38.5) | 0.232 | 0.630 |
Diabetes | 42 (44.2) | 14 (46.7) | 28 (66.7) | 0.107 | 0.743 |
Heart diseases | 23 (24.2) | 8 (26.7) | 15 (23.1) | 0.144 | 0.704 |
Strokes | 26 (27.4) | 9 (30.0) | 17 (26.2) | 0.153 | 0.696 |
ASIA grading (%) | |||||
D | 19 (20.0) | 8 (26.7) | 11 (16.9) | 1.218 | 0.270 |
E | 76 (80.0) | 22 (73.3) | 54 (83.1) | ||
PLC injury (%) | |||||
No | 57 (60.0) | 7 (23.3) | 50 (76.9) | 24.562 | 0.000 |
Yes | 38 (40.0) | 23 (76.7) | 15 (23.1) | ||
UIV (%) | |||||
T10 or higher | 51 (52.6) | 9 (30.0) | 42 (64.6) | 9.892 | 0.002 |
T10-T12 | 44 (47.4) | 21 (70.0) | 23 (35.4) | ||
LIV (%) | |||||
L5 or higher | 52 (54.7) | 11 (36.7) | 41 (63.1) | 5.779 | 0.016 |
S1 | 43 (45.3) | 19 (63.3) | 24 (36.9) | ||
Fixed segments (%) | |||||
≤ 7 | 50 (52.6) | 11 (36.7) | 39 (60.0) | 4.483 | 0.034 |
> 7 | 45 (47.4) | 19 (63.3) | 26 (40.0) | ||
Pre-PJA (%) | |||||
≤ 5° | 67 (70.5) | 17 (56.7) | 50 (76.9) | 4.052 | 0.044 |
> 5° | 28 (29.5) | 13 (43.3) | 15 (23.1) | ||
Pre-SVA (%) | |||||
≤ 50 mm | 55 (57.9) | 12 (40.0) | 43 (66.2) | 5.760 | 0.016 |
> 50 mm | 40 (42.1) | 18 (60.0) | 22 (33.8) | ||
Pre-PI-LL (%) | |||||
≤ 20° | 57 (60.0) | 9 (30.0) | 48 (73.8) | 16.442 | 0.000 |
> 20° | 38 (40.0) | 21 (70.0) | 17 (26.2) | ||
Pre-PT (%) | |||||
≤ 30° | 26 (27.4) | 5 (16.7) | 21 (32.3) | 2.526 | 0.112 |
> 30° | 69 (72.6) | 25 (83.3) | 44 (67.7) | ||
Pre-SS (%) | |||||
≤ 25° | 38 (40.0) | 17 (56.7) | 21 (32.3) | 5.075 | 0.024 |
> 25° | 57 (60.0) | 13 (43.3) | 44 (67.7) |
Multivariate analysis
Variable | β | SE | Wald | OR value | 95%CI | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age > 70 years | 3.474 | 1.088 | 10.198 | 32.279 | 3.827–272.291 | 0.001 |
BMI > 28 kg/m2 | 2.064 | 0.803 | 6.608 | 7.876 | 1.633–37.993 | 0.010 |
BMD T value < -3.5SD | 3.037 | 1.111 | 7.469 | 20.836 | 2.360–183.928 | 0.006 |
PLC injury | 2.638 | 1.184 | 4.963 | 13.981 | 1.373–142.344 | 0.026 |
PI-LL > 20° | 2.588 | 1.096 | 5.580 | 13.301 | 1.544–113.869 | 0.018 |