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Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie 1/2024

18.12.2023 | Warzen | Leitthema

Anogenitalwarzen – ein Update

verfasst von: Dr. David Chromy, M.D., Steffi Silling, PhD., Ulrike Wieland, M.D., Alexander Kreuter, M.D.

Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie | Ausgabe 1/2024

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Zusammenfassung

Mit einer Prävalenz von etwa 1 % in der sexuell aktiven Bevölkerung sind Anogenitalwarzen die häufigste HPV(humane Papillomviren)-assoziierte Erkrankung. In den allermeisten Fällen liegt eine Infektion mit den Typen HPV6 oder HPV11 zugrunde. Die Diagnose kann in der Regel meist klinisch gestellt werden, in bestimmten Fällen kann eine histopathologische Aufarbeitung sinnvoll sein kann. Buschke-Löwenstein-Tumoren stellen ein derartiges Szenario dar. Das therapeutische Armamentarium bei anogenitalen Warzen reicht von chirurgisch-ablativen Verfahren bis hin zu immunmodulatorischen Lokaltherapien. Sämtliche Verfahren weisen unterschiedliche Vor- und Nachteile auf und sind verhältnismäßig zeitaufwendig und teilweise auch unangenehm für den Patienten. Anogenitalwarzen sind zudem ein möglicher Ausdruck einer unvollständigen immunologischen Kontrolle von HPV, weshalb bei bestimmten Betroffenen, insbesondere bei Immunsupprimierten, gezielt darauf geachtet werden sollte, dass Screeninguntersuchungen für HPV-assoziierte Dysplasien gemäß den jeweils gültigen Leitlinien durchgeführt werden. Die Primärprophylaxe mittels Impfung von Mädchen und Jungen vor der ersten HPV-Exposition stellt eine sehr effektive Möglichkeit dar, die Prävalenz von Anogenitalwarzen und anderen HPV-assoziierte Erkrankungen drastisch zu reduzieren.
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Metadaten
Titel
Anogenitalwarzen – ein Update
verfasst von
Dr. David Chromy, M.D.
Steffi Silling, PhD.
Ulrike Wieland, M.D.
Alexander Kreuter, M.D.
Publikationsdatum
18.12.2023
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Dermatologie / Ausgabe 1/2024
Print ISSN: 2731-7005
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7013
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-023-05282-8

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