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Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 2/2008

01.03.2008 | Leitthema

Vorstellungen zur Pathogenese der juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. T. Niehues, O. Feyen, T. Telieps

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie | Ausgabe 2/2008

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Zusammenfassung

Zur Entstehung der juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis (JIA) gibt es verschiedene Erklärungsansätze.
Es gibt es Hinweise, dass Veränderungen in Genen des Immunsystems zur JIA prädisponieren können und die Regulation des Immunsystems bei der Pathogenese von entscheidender Bedeutung ist. Vermutlich kommt dem adaptiven, erworbenen Immunsystem die zentrale Rolle zu. So ist bei der JIA eine auffällige Population von hoch aktivierten T-Zellen in der Synovia zu finden. Auch B-Zellen sind beteiligt, worauf die positiven ANA-Titer bei der JIA hinweisen. Regulatorische T-Zellen (Tregs) versuchen, die Expansion autoreaktiver T-Zellen zu unterbinden und haben eine protektive Funktion.
Aber auch das natürliche oder angeborene Immunsystem spielt eine Rolle. So könnte als Ursache der JIA mit systemischem Beginn eine Störung des Inflammasoms zugrunde liegen. Beim Zusammenspiel zwischen angeborenem und adaptivem Immunsystem zeigt sich, dass eine eindeutige räumliche und zeitliche Trennung zwischen natürlichem und adaptivem Immunsystem zunehmend schwieriger wird. Infektions- und virengetriggerte Immunreaktionen könnten ebenfalls eine Ursache der JIA sein. Eine nachgewiesen entscheidende Bedeutung für die Pathogenese haben proinflammatorische Zytokine, wie sie z. B. auch unter Stress ausgeschüttet werden.
Die neuen Techniken der Genomik und Proteomik können ein individualisiertes Profil für jeden Patienten erstellen und ermöglichen eine immer feinere Auftrennung von Subtypen und werden damit die therapeutischen Möglichkeiten verbessern.
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Metadaten
Titel
Vorstellungen zur Pathogenese der juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. T. Niehues
O. Feyen
T. Telieps
Publikationsdatum
01.03.2008
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie / Ausgabe 2/2008
Print ISSN: 0340-1855
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1250
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-008-0276-7

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