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Current Pain and Headache Reports

Erschienen in:

05.02.2022 | Regenerative Pain Medicine/Interventional Pain Medicine (EC Bradley, Section Editors)

Modulatory Effects of Stem Cells on Opioid Receptors and Neuroinflammation

verfasst von: Matthew Meroney, Joshua Winegar, Holden Brown, Mark Bender, Scott Smith, Rene Przkora

Erschienen in: Current Pain and Headache Reports | Ausgabe 2/2022

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This narrative review examines stem cell therapy and its effect on opioid therapy in neuropathic pain.

Recent Findings

Stem cell therapy has shown promise in neuropathic pain and opioid tolerance, with a notable common pathway (the P2X4 receptor).

Summary

Opioid therapy frequently has poor efficacy in patients who suffer from neuropathic pain. There is evidence that the presence of neuropathic pain itself causes changes to the opioid receptor, decreasing the therapeutic potential of this modality. The efficacy of opioid therapy is further decreased in this patient population after chronic opioid exposure, which leads to opioid tolerance and in some cases opioid-induced hyperalgesia. There is growing evidence that stem cell therapy has potential to treat neuropathic pain and may simultaneously decrease opioid tolerance and hyperalgesia. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia occurs via mu-opioid receptor-dependent expression of P2X4 receptors on microglia. Intrathecal stem cell therapy provides analgesic properties due to the significant reduction of P2X4R expression in spinal cord microglia, thereby directly decreasing chronic neuropathic pain.

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Titel: Modulatory Effects of Stem Cells on Opioid Receptors and Neuroinflammation
verfasst von: Matthew Meroney
Joshua Winegar
Holden Brown
Mark Bender
Scott Smith
Rene Przkora
Publikationsdatum: 05.02.2022
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current Pain and Headache Reports / Ausgabe 2/2022
Print ISSN: 1531-3433
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-3081
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-022-01013-1

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Modulatory Effects of Stem Cells on Opioid Receptors and Neuroinflammation