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Erschienen in: Die Urologie 3/2024

07.02.2024 | Strahlentherapie | Leitthema

Stellenwert der lokalen Therapien beim oligometastasierten, hormonsensitiven Prostatakarzinom

verfasst von: Fabian Falkenbach, Thomas Steuber, Prof. Dr. Markus Graefen

Erschienen in: Die Urologie | Ausgabe 3/2024

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Das oligometastasierte, hormonsensitive Prostatakarzinom (omHSPC) ist aufgrund der Implementierung molekularer Bildgebung eine zunehmende Entität. Die Oligometastasierung ist zumeist definiert als maximal 4 Knochenmetastasen ohne viszerale Metastasen in der konventionellen Bildgebung.

Ziel der Arbeit

Diese Arbeit beleuchtet die Evidenz zur lokalen Behandlung des omHSPC unter Berücksichtigung der molekularen Bildgebung und moderner Therapien.

Material und Methoden

Dieser narrative Übersichtsartikel auf der Grundlage von Expertenkonsens und nationalen/internationalen Leitlinien wird unterstützt durch eine Literaturrecherche in PubMed. Die zitierten Studien stellen nach Meinung der Autoren die wichtigsten Arbeiten hierzu dar und wurden ausgewählt, um Entwicklungen und prinzipielle Konzepte zu veranschaulichen, beanspruchen jedoch keine Vollständigkeit.

Ergebnisse

Die STAMPEDE-Studie konnte 2018 erstmals prospektiv-randomisiert einen onkologischen Nutzen der lokalen Bestrahlung (RT) zusätzlich zur Androgendeprivationstherapie beim omHSPC nachweisen. Nach 3 Jahren war das Gesamtüberleben (OS) 81 % mit Bestrahlung vs. 73 % ohne Bestrahlung (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 0,68; 95 %-Konfidenzintervall [KI]: 0,52–0,90; p = 0,007). Beim polymetastasierten HSPC bestand dieser Nutzen hingegen nicht (HR: 1,07; 95 %-KI: 0,90–1,28; p = 0,4). In einer Studie von Dai et al. erfolgte die Lokaltherapie des omHSPC hingegen zu 85 % chirurgisch und auch hier zeigte sich ein OS-Vorteil (HR: 0,44; 95 %-KI: 0,24–0,81; p = 0,008).

Schlussfolgerung

Das omHSPC soll mittels additiver RT behandelt werden. Erste prospektive Ergebnisse zeigen vergleichbare Wirksamkeit durch die Prostatektomie. Moderne medikamentöse Kombinationstherapien fordern die Lokaltherapie heraus.
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Metadaten
Titel
Stellenwert der lokalen Therapien beim oligometastasierten, hormonsensitiven Prostatakarzinom
verfasst von
Fabian Falkenbach
Thomas Steuber
Prof. Dr. Markus Graefen
Publikationsdatum
07.02.2024
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Urologie / Ausgabe 3/2024
Print ISSN: 2731-7064
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7072
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-024-02280-z

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