Background
Methods
Measures
Itemsa
| do not agree at all | hardly agree | somewhat agree | mostly agree | completely agree |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. I can rely on my own abilities in difficult situations
| □ | □ | □ | □ | □ |
2. I am able to solve most problems on my own
| □ | □ | □ | □ | □ |
3. I can usually solve even challenging and complex tasks well
| □ | □ | □ | □ | □ |
Data analyses
Results
Characteristic | Number | Percent | |
---|---|---|---|
Family doctors (n=14) | |||
Gender
|
Male
|
9
|
64.3
|
Female
|
5
|
35.7
| |
Participating practices (n=8) | |||
Number of patients
Enrolled
a
|
≥500-1000
|
1
|
14.3
|
>1000-1500
|
3
|
42.9
| |
>1500-2000
|
2
|
28.6
| |
>2000
|
1
|
14.3
| |
Type
|
Single practice
|
3
|
37.5
62.5
|
Group practice
|
5
| ||
Location
|
Metro
|
6
|
75.0
|
Urban
|
2
|
25.0
|
Number | Percent | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender
a
|
Female
|
200
|
57.8
| ||
Male
|
135
|
39.0
| |||
Age
b
|
≤ 60 years
|
164
|
47.4
| ||
> 60 years
|
165
|
47.7
| |||
Employment status
c
|
Not working
|
166
|
48.0
| ||
Working
|
166
|
48.0
| |||
Education level
d
|
Low
|
144
|
41.6
| ||
Moderate
|
89
|
25.7
| |||
High
|
102
|
29.5
| |||
Migration background
e
|
No Migration background
|
253
|
73.1
| ||
With migration background
|
77
|
22.3
| |||
Number of chronic diseases
f
|
None
|
21
|
6.1
| ||
1
|
101
|
29.2
| |||
2
|
98
|
28.3
| |||
3 or more
|
121
|
35.0
| |||
Chronic diseases
f
|
Cardiovascular disease
|
183
|
53.7
| ||
Back pain
|
150
|
44.0
| |||
Depression or other
Mental disorders
|
84
|
24.6
| |||
Diabetes
|
82
|
24.0
| |||
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
|
56
|
16.4
| |||
Cancer
|
36
|
10.6
| |||
Rheumatism
|
35
|
10.3
| |||
Stroke
|
16
|
4.7
| |||
Chronic kidney disease
|
6
|
1.8
| |||
Other
|
101
|
29.6
| |||
n
|
Mean
|
SD
|
Min
|
Max
| |
Age
b
|
329
|
57.9
|
16.4
|
19
|
89
|
ASKU Score
g,
* [1=low to 5=high]
|
341
|
3.9
|
0.8
|
1
|
5
|
HLS-EU-16 Score** [0=low/no HL to 16=high HL]
|
293
|
12.2
|
3.3
|
1
|
16
|
Patient-reported versus family doctor-rated health literacy
Full analysis | Mean difference score | p | |
---|---|---|---|
HLS-Score patient (12.44)
|
1.42
|
<0.001
| |
HLS-Score family doctor (11.01)
| |||
Stratified analyses
| |||
Patient characteristics
| |||
Age
|
> 60
|
2.75
|
0.001**
|
≤ 60
|
0.23
| ||
Gender
|
Male
|
2.38
|
0.032*
|
Female
|
0.75
| ||
Migration background
|
Yes
|
1.47
|
0.976
|
No
|
1.50
| ||
Number of chronic diseases
|
≤1
|
-0.01
|
0.007**
|
>1
|
2.11
| ||
Family doctor characteristics
| |||
Gender
|
Male
|
1.38
|
0.849
|
Female
|
1.53
|
Associations of patient-reported health literacy with self-efficacy and chronic disease
Independent variables | R2 | R2 change | B | SE | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1
|
0.078
|
0.078
| |||
Gender
|
0.104
|
0.094
|
0.268
| ||
Age
|
0.163
|
0.104
|
0.119
| ||
Migration background
|
-0.149
|
0.106
|
0.161
| ||
Education level
|
0.186
|
0.056
|
0.001**
| ||
Employment status
|
0.239
|
0.101
|
0.018*
| ||
Model 2 | 0.231 |
0.153
| |||
Gender
|
0.100
|
0.086
|
0.244
| ||
Age
|
0.070
|
0.096
|
0.469
| ||
Migration background
|
-0.121
|
0.097
|
0.214
| ||
Education level
|
0.112
|
0.053
|
0.033*
| ||
Employment status
|
0.103
|
0.094
|
0.273
| ||
HL
|
0.094
|
0.013
|
0.000***
|