Introduction
Global Epidemiology of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Travelers
The African Meningitis Belt
Hajj
Other Regions
Europe
Central and South America
Middle East
Australia
North America
Emergence of Serogroup W: a Concern for International Travelers
Other Considerations for Travelers
Available Meningococcal Vaccines and Recommendations for Travelers
Quadrivalent Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccines
Quadrivalent conjugate vaccines | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MenACWY-TT | MenACWY-CRM | MenACWY-DT | |||||
Name | Nimenrix | Menveo | Menactra | ||||
Company | Pfizer | GSK | Sanofi Pasteur | ||||
Availability | European Union [77] | European Union [80] | United States [81] | United States [84] | International [85] | ||
Age indication, lower limit | ≥ 6 weeks | ≥ 12 months | ≥ 2 years | ≥ 2 months | ≥ 2 months | ≥ 9 months | ≥ 2 years |
Age indication, upper limit | None | 55 yearsa | None | 55 years | 55 yearsb | 55 years | 55 years |
Dose schedule | ≥ 6 to 12 weeks, 2 + 1 ≥ 12 months, 1 dosed | 1 dosec | 1 + 1 | ≥ 2 to 6 months, 3 + 1 ≥ 7 to 23 months, 2 doses ≥ 2 years, 1 dose | ≥ 2 to 6 months, 3 + 1 ≥ 7 to 23 months, 2 doses ≥ 2 years, 1 dosee | ≥ 9 to 23 months, 2 doses ≥ 2 to 55 years, 1 dose ≥ 15 to 55 years, booster dose | 1 dose |
Safety | Well tolerated | Well tolerated | Well tolerated | Well tolerated | Well tolerated | Well tolerated | Well tolerated |
Co-administration with other vaccinesh,f | 6 weeks to < 1 year: DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hib, PCV10 1 to < 2 years: HAV, HBV, MMR, MMRV, seasonal influenza, PCV10 2nd year: DTaP, polio, HBV, Hib, PCV13 | 1 to < 2 years: HAV, HBV, MMR, MMTV, PCV10, seasonal influenza 2nd year: DTaP, polio, HBV, Hib | Monovalent and combined HAV and HBV, yellow fever, typhoid fever, Japanese encephalitis, and rabies | DTaP-IPV-Hib, PCV7, rotavirus, MMRV, HAV/HBV | DTaP, TT, Hib, polio, HAV, HBV, PCV7, PCV13, rotavirus, MMRV | MMRV, MMR, V, PCV7, DT, Typhim, HAV, Daptacel AU: DT, Typhim | DT, Typhim |
Recombinant Protein Vaccines
National Meningococcal Vaccination Recommendations for Travelers from Their Country of Origin
Age/population group | Recommended meningococcal vaccines |
---|---|
Australia [61] | |
2–6 months | MenACWY-CRM |
7–11 months | MenACWY-CRM |
12–23 months | MenACWY-CRM or MenACWY-TT |
2–6 years | MenACWY-DT MenACWY-CRM, or MenACWY-TT |
≥ 7 years | MenACWY-DT MenACWY-CRM, or MenACWY-TTa |
Bahrain [62] | |
≥ 2 yearsb | MenACWY quadrivalent conjugate vaccine |
Canada [63] | |
≥ 2 monthsc | MenACWY-CRM; 4CMenB |
Saudi Arabia [86] | |
> 2 yearsd | MenACWY quadrivalent conjugate or polysaccharide vaccine |
United Kingdom [65] | |
Birth to < 9 months | MenACWY-CRM |
9 to < 12 months | MenACWY-CRM or MenACWY-TT |
12 months–2 years | MenACWY-TT |
2–4 years | MenACWY-CRM or MenACWY-TT |
≥ 5 years | MenACWY-CRM or MenACWY-TT preferred; MenACWY polysaccharide vaccine may be considered |
United States [66] | |
2 months | MenACWY-CRM |
7–23 months | MenACWY-CRM or MenACWY-DT |
2–55 years | MenACWY-CRM or MenACWY-De |
≥ 56 years (previously vaccinated) | MenACWY-CRM or MenACWY-De |
≥ 56 years (unvaccinated) | MPSV4 |
Source | Website |
---|---|
World Health Organization | |
International Association for Medical Assistance to Travelers | |
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control | |
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | |
New Zealand Ministry of Health | |
Australian Ministry of Health |