Background
Methods
Study setting
Study respondents and data collection
Assessment of adherence to anti diabetic medication
Operational definition of adherence to anti diabetic medication
Data management and analysis
Ethical considerations
Results
Participants characteristics
Characteristics | Frequency [n,(%)] |
---|---|
Age
| |
<35 | 72 (13.8) |
36 - 45 | 113 (21.7) |
46 - 55 | 153 (29.4) |
>55 | 183 (35.1) |
Sex
| |
Female | 259 (49.7) |
Male | 262 (50.3) |
Education
| |
None | 238 (45.7) |
Primary | 179 (34.4) |
Secondary | 73 (14.0) |
Tertiary | 31 (5.9) |
Marital Status
| |
Married | 381 (73.1) |
Separated | 41 (7.9) |
Single | 30 (5.8) |
Widowed | 69 (13.2) |
Occupation
| |
Casual laborer | 16 (3.1) |
Farmer | 275 (52.8) |
Government employment | 42 (8.1) |
Trader | 91 (17.5) |
House wife | 25 (4.8) |
Unemployed | 41 (7.9) |
Others | 31 (5.9) |
Hospital
| |
Bugiri | 221 (42.4) |
Iganga | 300 (57.6) |
Adherence to anti diabetic medication
Factors associated with adherence to diabetic medication
Variable | Adherence | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes [n,(%)] | No [n,(%)] | |||
Perceived benefits of DM drugs
| ||||
A lot of benefits | 251 (85.9) | 41 (14.1) | 1.00 | |
Some benefits | 182 (75.2) | 42 (24.8) | 0.64 (0.40 – 1.02) | 0.063 |
Duration on DM drugs
| ||||
Less or equal to 3years | 198 (77.6) | 57 (22.4) | 1.00 | |
More than 3 years | 235 (88.7) | 30 (11.3) | 2.25 (1.38 – 3.66) | <0.001 |
Type of DM drugs taken
| ||||
Orals only | 241 (80.3) | 50 (19.3) | 1.00 | |
Injections only | 182 (87.9) | 25 (12.1) | 1.78 (1.07 – 2.96) | 0.024 |
Both oral and injections | 10 (81.8) | 3 (18.2) | 1.10 (0.23 – 5.24) | 0.903 |
Do you get all the prescribed drugs
| ||||
Sometimes | 133(74.2) | 43 (25.8) | 1.00 | |
Always | 297 (87.9.) | 41 (12.1) | 2.56 (1.56 – 4.16) | 0.001 |
Ever experienced side effects
| ||||
Yes | 56 (76.7) | 17 (23.3) | 1.00 | |
No | 365 (84.9) | 65 (15.1) | 1.70 (0.93 – 3.12) | 0.080 |
Time when last seen by the health worker
| ||||
Less or equal to one month | 211 (82.4) | 45 (17.6) | 1.00 | |
More than one month | 214 (84.6) | 39 (15.6) | 1.17 (0.73 – 1.87) | 0.430 |
Use of alternative medicine
| ||||
Yes | 53 (69.7) | 23 (30.3) | 1.00 | |
No | 367 (85.9) | 60 (14.1) | 2.65 (1.50 – 4.68) | <0.001 |
Ever had diabetic education
| ||||
No | 8 (61.5) | 5 (38.5) | 1.00 | |
Yes | 421 (84.2) | 79 (15.8) | 3.33 (1.06 – 11.10) | 0.029 |
Understanding the drug regimen
| ||||
Yes | 415 (83.5) | 82 (16.5) | 1.00 | |
No | 16 (73.7) | 7 (26.3) | 0.55 (0.19 – 1.58) | 0.262 |
Reminders to take drugs
| ||||
Radio/TV | 87 (86.1) | 14 (13.9) | 1.00 | |
Watch/clock | 126 (84.0) | 24 (26.0) | 0.84 (0.41- 1.72) | 0.643 |
Phones | 73 (84.9) | 13 (15.1) | 0.90 (0.39 - 2.04) | 0.808 |
Shadows | 8 (88.9) | 1 (11.1) | 1.28 (0.14 – 11.2) | 0.818 |
Others | 108 987.1) | 16 (12.9) | 1.08 (0.50 – 2.35) | 0.833 |
None | 30 (61.2) | 19 (38.8) | 0.25 (0.10 – 0.56) | 0.006 |
Independent factors associated with adherence to diabetic medication
Variable | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Duration on DM more than 3 years | 2.25 (1.38 – 3.66) | 1.89 (1.11 – 3.22) | 0.018 |
Having got anti diabetic drugs always | 2.56 (1.06 – 4.17) | 2.59 (1.54 – 3.70) | <0.001 |
Not using alternative medicine | 2.26 (1.33 – 3.83) | 1.73 (0.92 – 3.28) | 0.090 |
Having ever had diabetic education | 3.33 (1.06 – 11.10) | 4.24 (1.15 – 15.60) | 0.030 |
Using injectable anti diabetic drugs | 1.78 (1.07 – 2.96) | 1.27 (0.73 – 2.21) | 0.399 |
Never experienced anti diabetic drug side effects | 1.70 (0.93 – 3.12) | 1.38 (0.69 – 2.75) | 0.367 |