Background
Method
Participants and measures
Statistical analysis
Results
Management rate of anxiety 2006 – 2016
Variable | Total sample (N = 972100) | Anxiety encounters (N = 2784) | Proportion (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Patient sex (missing) | (8522) | (235) | p < .0001 | |
Male | 391152 | 9032 | 2.31% (2.24–2.38) | Ref group |
Female | 572426 | 19517 | 3.41% (3.34–3.48) | 1.31 (1.27–1.35) |
Patient age (missing) | (19222) | (730) | p < .0001 | |
0–14 years | 110864 | 705 | 0.64% (0.58–0.69) | 0.48 (0.43–0.54) |
15–24 years | 81201 | 2792 | 3.44% (3.27–3.61) | 2.56 (2.37–2.77) |
25–39 years | 148287 | 6406 | 4.32% (4.18–4.46) | 3.33 (3.11–3.57) |
40–59 years | 254450 | 10201 | 4.01% (3.90–4.12) | 3.02 (2.83–3.22) |
60–80 years | 259108 | 6157 | 2.38% (2.30–2.45) | 1.41 (1.33–1.49) |
80 + years | 98968 | 1793 | 1.81% (1.72–1.91) | Ref group |
Socioeconomic advantage (missing) | (22692) | (607) | p < .0001 | |
Most advantaged | 573803 | 17396 | 3.03% (2.96–3.10) | 1.08 (1.04–1.12) |
Most disadvantaged | 375605 | 10781 | 2.87% (2.79–2.95) | Ref group |
Indigenous statusa (missing) | (95622) | (2561) | p = .014 | |
Indigenous | 14791 | 427 | 2.89% (2.54–3.23) | 0.86 (0.76–0.97) |
Non-Indigenous | 861687 | 25796 | 2.99% (2.93–3.06) | Ref group |
Language background (missing) | (95865) | (2575) | p < .0001 | |
Non-English speaking | 74672 | 1642 | 2.20% (2.05–2.34) | 0.65 (0.6–0.70) |
English speaking | 801563 | 24567 | 3.06% (3.00–3.13) | Ref group |
Commonwealth HCC (missing) | (80058) | (2202) | p < .0001 | |
Yes | 396992 | 13450 | 3.39% (3.30–3.48) | 1.73 (1.67–1.80) |
No | 495050 | 13132 | 2.65% (2.59–2.72) | Ref group |
Practice location (missing) | (1400) | (29) | p < .0001 | |
Major city | 687500 | 21046 | 3.06% (2.99–3.13) | 1.34 (1.24–1.45) |
Inner regional | 187800 | 5515 | 2.94% (2.81–3.06) | 1.27 (1.17–1.38) |
Outer regional/remote | 95400 | 2194 | 2.30% (2.15–2.45) | Ref group |
Practice size (missing) | (18900) | (533) | p = .991 | |
Solo | 48600 | 2921 | 2.82% (2.60–3.04) | Ref group |
2–4 GPs | 127600 | 8177 | 2.85% (2.74–2.96) | 0.99 (0.90–1.09) |
5–9 GPs | 108200 | 10962 | 3.00% (2.91–3.09) | 1.00 (0.91–1.10) |
10–14 GPs | 28700 | 4307 | 3.16% (2.99–3.32) | 1.01 (0.91–1.12) |
15 + GPs | 10000 | 1884 | 3.11% (2.87–3.35) | 1.00 (0.89–1.13) |
GP sex (missing) | (0) | (0) | p < .0001 | |
Male | 583200 | 15383 | 2.64% (2.56–2.71) | Ref group |
Female | 388900 | 13401 | 3.45% (3.35–3.54) | 1.23 (1.17–1.28) |
GP age (missing) | (6400) | (122) | p < .0001 | |
Less than 45 years | 250500 | 6883 | 2.75% (2.65–2.85) | Ref group |
45–59 years | 473400 | 14404 | 3.04% (2.96–3.13) | 1.19 (1.13–1.25) |
60 years or older | 241800 | 7375 | 3.05% (2.92–3.18) | 1.25 (1.17–1.33) |
Data collection year | N/A | N/A | N/A | p < .0001 1.05 (1.04–1.05) |
Management strategies used
Management Strategy | Anxiety problems managed with strategy least once (N = 28849) | Proportion of anxiety problems managed with strategy at least once (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
Psychotropic medication | 15238 | 52.8% (52.0–53.7) |
Benzodiazepine | 8664 | 30.0% (29.2–30.9) |
SSRI or SNRI | 6084 | 21.1% (20.5–21.7) |
Counselling / advice / education | 12601 | 43.7% (42.8–44.6) |
Referral | 4900 | 17.0% (16.5–17.5) |
Psychologist | 3522 | 12.2% (11.7–12.7) |
Psychiatrist | 543 | 1.9% (1.7–2.0) |
Pathology | 1312 | 4.5% (4.3–4.8) |
Imaging | 138 | 0.5% (0.4–0.6) |
Benzodiazepines | SSRIs or SNRIs | CAE | Psychologist Referral | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Proportion (95%CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Proportion (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Proportion (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Proportion (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) |
Patient sex | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p = .729 | p = .055 | ||||
Male | 34.3% (32.8–35.7) | Ref group | 39.5% (38.2–40.8) | Ref group | 11.8% (11.1–12.6) | Ref group | 19.9% (18.9–20.8) | Ref group |
Female | 28.1% (27.2–29.0) | 0.81 (0.75–0.87) | 45.6% (44.7–46.6) | 1.21 (1.13–1.29) | 12.4% (11.9–12.9) | 1.02 (0.92–1.12) | 21.6% (20.9–22.3) | 1.08 (1.00–1.17) |
Patient age | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | ||||
0–14 years | 0.1% (-0.1–0.4) | 0.01 (< 0.001–0.04) | 39.5% (35.7–43.4) | 0.76 (0.60–0.96) | 39.1% (35.3–42.9) | 26.06 (15.9–42.73) | 6.5% (4.7–8.3) | 0.37 (0.25–0.55) |
15–24 years | 10.1% (8.9–11.4) | 0.25 (0.20–0.30) | 50.2% (48.0–52.3) | 1.38 (1.17–1.63) | 23.1% (21.4–24.9) | 14.14 (8.86–22.55) | 26.4% (24.6–28.1) | 1.90 (1.56–2.31) |
25–39 years | 26.3% (24.8–27.8) | 0.72 (0.62–0.84) | 45.3% (43.8–46.9) | 1.20 (1.05–1.39) | 16.7% (15.7–17.7) | 10.00 (6.29–15.90) | 24.5% (23.3–25.6) | 1.78 (1.49–2.14) |
40–59 years | 32.2% (30.9–33.4) | 0.87 (0.75–0.99) | 43.9% (42.7–45.2) | 1.22 (1.06–1.39) | 10.5% (9.8–11.1) | 6.73 (4.25–10.65) | 22.2% (21.3–23.1) | 1.55 (1.30–1.85) |
60–80 years | 39.1% (37.8–40.5) | 0.88 (0.77–1.01) | 41.0% (39.5–42.4) | 1.12 (0.99–1.28) | 5.0% (4.4–5.5) | 3.43 (2.15–5.49) | 17.0% (16.0–18.0) | 1.30 (1.08–1.56) |
80 + years | 44.0% (41.5–46.4) | Ref group | 37.9% (35.5–40.4) | Ref group | 1.5% (0.9–2.1) | Ref group | 13.0% (11.4–14.6) | Ref group |
Socioeconomic status | p < .0001 | p = .095 | p = .317 | p = .380 | ||||
Most advantaged | 27.0% (26.0–27.9) | 0.85 (0.78–0.92) | 45.6% (44.5–46.7) | 1.07 (0.99–1.16) | 13.3% (12.7–13.9) | 1.06 (0.95–1.18) | 21.3% (20.5–22.0) | 1.04 (0.95–1.13) |
Most disadvantaged | 35.4% (34.0–36.7) | Ref group | 40.6% (39.3–41.9) | Ref group | 10.4% (9.8–11.1) | Ref group | 20.6% (19.7–21.5) | Ref group |
Indigenous statusa | p = 0.227 | p = .179 | p = .529 | p = .445 | ||||
Indigenous | 37.9% (32.3–43.5) | 1.18 (0.90–1.54) | 35.1% (29.6–40.6) | 0.83 (0.62–1.09) | 12.3% (8.9–15.8) | 1.12 (0.78–1.61) | 21.9% (17.7–26.0) | 1.11 (0.85–1.46) |
Non-Indigenous | 30.5% (29.5–31.4) | Ref group | 43.9% (43.0–44.9) | Ref group | 12.1% (11.6–12.6) | Ref group | 20.8% (20.2–21.5) | Ref group |
Language background | p < .0001 | p = .0005 | p = .0001 | p = .003 | ||||
Non-English speaking | 28.2% (25.5–30.8) | 0.73 (0.63–0.85) | 51.6% (48.7–54.6) | 1.28 (1.11–1.47) | 7.9% (6.5–9.3) | 0.64 (0.51–0.80) | 15.4% (13.5–17.3) | 0.77 (0.65–0.92) |
English speaking | 30.8% (29.8–31.7) | Ref group | 43.3% (42.3–44.2) | Ref group | 12.3% (11.8–12.9) | Ref group | 21.2% (20.6–21.9) | Ref group |
Commonwealth HCC | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | ||||
Yes | 42.2% (40.9–43.5) | 2.50 (2.31–2.72) | 39.1% (37.9–40.3) | 0.80 (0.75–0.86) | 8.0% (7.5–8.6) | 0.78 (0.70–0.86) | 17.2% (16.4–17.9) | 0.66 (0.61–0.71) |
No | 18.4% (17.6–19.2) | Ref group | 48.5% (47.4–49.7) | Ref group | 16.3% (15.6–17.0) | Ref group | 24.9% (24.0–25.8) | Ref group |
Type of anxiety | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | ||||
New problem | 16.3% (15.2–17.4) | 0.43 (0.39–0.48) | 55.6% (54.0–57.2) | 1.85 (1.71–2.01) | 20.8% (19.6–22.1) | 2.05 (1.85–2.27) | 16.9% (15.8–18.1) | 0.62 (0.56–0.68) |
Existing problem | 34.6% (33.4–35.7) | Ref group | 40.6% (39.5–41.7) | Ref group | 10.0% (9.5–10.5) | Ref group | 23.6% (22.8–24.3) | Ref group |
Benzodiazepines | SSRIs or SNRIs | CAE | Psychologist Referral | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Proportion (95%CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Proportion (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Proportion (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Proportion (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95%CI) |
Practice location | p = .641 | p = .003 | p = .035 | p = .004 | ||||
Major city | 29.2% (28.2–30.2) | 1.04 (0.89–1.23) | 45.2% (44.1–46.2) | 1.26 (1.07–1.48) | 12.8% (12.3–13.4) | 1.19 (0.97–1.47) | 20.6% (19.8–21.3) | 0.90 (0.77–1.05) |
Inner regional | 32.0% (30.1–34.0) | 0.99 (0.83–1.18) | 39.8% (37.9–41.7) | 1.09 (0.92–1.30) | 10.7% (9.8–11.7) | 1.02 (0.81–1.28) | 23.2% (21.8–24.6) | 1.08 (0.91–1.28) |
Outer regional/remote | 32.7% (29.8–35.6) | Ref group | 39.2% (36.2–42.3) | Ref group | 9.9% (8.5–11.4) | Ref group | 21.3% (19.3–23.4) | Ref group |
Practice size | p = .315 | p = .658 | p = .017 | p = .001 | ||||
Solo GP | 42.0% (38.1–46.0) | Ref group | 39.3% (35.8–42.9) | Ref group | 6.5% (5.4–7.6) | Ref group | 14.4% (12.7–16.1) | Ref group |
2–4 GPs | 31.2% (29.5–32.9) | 0.87 (0.71–1.07) | 44.4% (42.7–46.1) | 1.07 (0.88–1.29) | 11.2% (10.4–12.0) | 1.33 (1.05–1.70) | 20.8% (19.7–21.9) | 1.46 (1.21–1.76) |
5–9 GPs | 27.9% (26.7–29.1) | 0.82 (0.67–1.00) | 43.9% (42.6–45.3) | 1.08 (0.90–1.30) | 13.5% (12.7–14.3) | 1.48 (1.17–1.87) | 21.8% (20.9–22.7) | 1.40 (1.17–1.68) |
10–14 GPs | 26.2% (24.3–28.0) | 0.82 (0.66–1.02) | 45.7% (43.4–47.9) | 1.15 (0.93–1.40) | 14.0% (12.7–15.2) | 1.39 (1.08–1.79) | 22.9% (21.4–24.5) | 1.36 (1.11–1.67) |
15 + GPs | 28.0% (24.4–31.5) | 0.80 (0.62–1.04) | 42.5% (38.8–46.2) | 1.02 (0.80–1.31) | 13.5% (11.5–15.4) | 1.30 (0.97–1.73) | 23.9% (21.3–26.6) | 1.56 (1.23–1.97) |
GP sex | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | ||||
Male | 38.0% (36.7–39.3) | Ref group | 39.1% (37.9–40.4) | Ref group | 9.7% (9.1–10.3) | Ref group | 18.6% (17.8–19.4) | Ref group |
Female | 20.8% (19.9–21.8) | 0.56 (0.51–0.62) | 48.9% (47.6–50.2) | 1.29 (1.18–1.41) | 15.1% (14.4–15.8) | 1.30 (1.16–1.44) | 23.9% (23.0–24.8) | 1.22 (1.11–1.33) |
GP age | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | ||||
< 45 years | 22.1% (20.9–23.3) | Ref group | 45.5% (43.7–47.2) | Ref group | 16.4% (15.4–17.4) | Ref group | 26.1% (24.9–27.3) | Ref group |
45–59 years | 28.4% (27.3–29.6) | 1.18 (1.06–1.31) | 45.8% (44.5–47.1) | 1.08 (0.97–1.19) | 12.4% (11.7–13.0) | 0.89 (0.80–1.00) | 20.9% (20.1–21.7) | 0.82 (0.74–0.90) |
60 years + | 40.6% (38.6–42.7) | 1.65 (1.44–1.88) | 37.8% (36.0–39.6) | 0.82 (0.72–0.94) | 8.0% (7.3–8.8) | 0.68 (0.58–0.81) | 16.8% (15.6–18.0) | 0.70 (0.62–0.80) |
Data collection year | n/a | p < .0001 0.94 (0.92–0.95) | p = .009 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | p < .0001 1.09 (1.07–1.11) | n/a | p < .0001 1.05 (1.03–1.06) |