Skip to main content
Hauptrubriken
CME Facharzt-Training Webinare Zeitschriften Bücher e.Medpedia Podcast
Service
Jobbörse Info & Hilfe
Fachgebiete
Anästhesiologie Allgemeinmedizin Arbeitsmedizin Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kardiologie Neurologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie Pädiatrie Pathologie Psychiatrie Radiologie Rechtsmedizin Urologie Zahnmedizin
Themen
Klimawandel und Gesundheit Neues aus dem Markt COVID-19 Praxis und Beruf Seltene Erkrankungen GOÄ & EBM Panorama
Sammlungen
Kasuistiken Algorithmen & Infografiken Blickdiagnosen Arthropedia FlapFinder (für Dermatochirurgen) Videos Kongressberichterstattung Medizin für Apothekerinnen und Apotheker Für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in Weiterbildung Für Medizinstudierende
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Quality of Life Research
Erschienen in: Quality of Life Research 3/2017

17.12.2016 | Review

Appraisal assessment in patient-reported outcome research: methods for uncovering the personal context and meaning of quality of life

verfasst von: Carolyn E. Schwartz, Joel A. Finkelstein, Bruce D. Rapkin

Erschienen in: Quality of Life Research | Ausgabe 3/2017

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Background

Recent work on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) focuses on precise, brief measures, which generally convey little about what an individual’s rating actually means. Individual differences in appraisal are important and relevant to PRO research. This paper highlights the advantages of integrating appraisal assessment into clinical research.

Methods

The most comprehensive method for assessing appraisal, the quality of life (QOL) Appraisal Profile, includes open-ended and multiple choice questions to assess four appraisal parameters: frame of reference, sampling of experience, standards of comparison, and combinatory algorithm. We illustrate with empirical findings four classes of investigation that would benefit from appraisal assessment: methodological, interpretation of change, the backstory of resilience, and clinical applications.

Results

A methodological investigation of HIV/AIDS patients revealed a range of cognitive schemas induced by the then-test response shift detection method, only 15% of which reflected the presumed process invoked. In this same study and in a study of people with multiple sclerosis (MS), interpretation of change in positive versus negative mental-health response shifts was characterized by different appraisal processes. In studying resilience in MS patients, patients with more reserve-building activities were more likely to use appraisals that emphasized the positive and more controllable aspects of their illness experience, as compared to lower-reserve patients. In underserved cancer patients, the QOL Appraisal Profile was used as a clinical interview to articulate current concerns and for personalized treatment decision-making to reduce burden and promote adherence.

Conclusions

Integrating appraisal assessment can provide a more textured, person-centered understanding of person-factors not captured by standard PROs.
Literatur
1.
Rapkin, B. D., & Schwartz, C. E. (2004). Toward a theoretical model of quality-of-life appraisal: Implications of findings from studies of response shift. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2(1), 14.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
Schwartz, C. E., & Rapkin, B. D. (2004). Reconsidering the psychometrics of quality of life assessment in light of response shift and appraisal. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2, 16.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
Sprangers, M. A., & Schwartz, C. E. (1999). Integrating response shift into health-related quality of life research: A theoretical model. Social Science and Medicine, 48(11), 1507–1515.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Schwartz, C. E., & Sprangers, M. A. (1999). Methodological approaches for assessing response shift in longitudinal health-related quality-of-life research. Social Science and Medicine, 48(11), 1531–1548.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Schwartz, C. E., et al. (2011). Response shift in patients with multiple sclerosis: An application of three statistical techniques. Quality of Life Research, 20(10), 1561–1572.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Oort, F. J. (2005). Using structural equation modeling to detect response shifts and true change. Quality of Life Research, 14, 587–598.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Mayo, N., Scott, C., & Ahmed, S. (2009). Case management post-stroke did not induce response shift: The value of residuals. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 62, 1148–1156.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Boucekine, M., et al. (2013). Using the random forest method to detect a response shift in the quality of life of multiple sclerosis patients: A cohort study. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 13, 20.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Lix, L. M., et al. (2013). Relative importance measures for reprioritization response shift. Quality of Life Research, 22(4), 695–703.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Li, Y., & Rapkin, B. (2009). Classification and regression tree analysis to identify complex cognitive paths underlying quality of life response shifts: A study of individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 62, 1138–1147.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
Ring, L., et al. (2005). Response shift masks the treatment impact on patient reported outcomes: The example of individual quality of life in edentulous patients. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 3, 55.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Ruta, D. A., et al. (1994). A new approach to the measurement of quality of life. The Patient-Generated Index. Med Care, 32(11), 1109–1126.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Tourangeau, R., Rips, L. J., & Rasinski, K. (2000). The psychology of survey response. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
14.
Ross, M. (1989). Relation of implicit theories to the construction of personal histories. Psychological Review, 96(2), 341–357.CrossRef
15.
Bloem, E. F., et al. (2008). Clarifying quality of life assessment: Do theoretical models capture the underlying cognitive processes? Quality of Life Research, 17, 1093–1102.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Rapkin, B. D., & Fischer, K. (1992). Framing the construct of life satisfaction in terms of older adults’ personal goals. Psychology and Aging, 7(1), 138–149.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Rapkin, B. D., & Fischer, K. (1992). Personal goals of older adults: Issues in assessment and prediction. Psychology and Aging, 7(1), 127–137.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Schwartz, C. E., & Rapkin, B. D. (2012). Understanding appraisal processes underlying the then-test: A mixed methods investigation. Quality of Life Research, 21(3), 381–388.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Rapkin, B. D., et al. (1994). Development of the idiographic functional status assessment: A measure of the personal goals and goal attainment activities of people with AIDS. Psychology and Health, 9, 111–129.CrossRef
20.
Schwartz, C. E., et al. (2013). Cognitive reserve and appraisal in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 2(1), 36–44.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Rapkin, B. D., et al. (2011). User manual for the quality of life Appraisal Profile. Concord, MA: DeltaQuest Foundation, Inc.
22.
Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349–357.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Morganstern, B. A., et al. (2011). The psychological context of quality of life: A psychometric analysis of a novel idiographic measure of bladder cancer patients’ personal goals and concerns prior to surgery. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 9(1):1.CrossRef
24.
Norman, G. (2003). Hi! How are you? Response shift, implicit theories and differing epistemologies. Quality of Life Research, 12(3), 239–249.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Miller, R. G., Jr. (1977). Developments in multiple comparisons 1966–1976. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 72(360a), 779–788.CrossRef
26.
Howard, G. S., Dailey, P. R., & Gulanick, N. A. (1979). The feasibility of informed pre-tests in attenuating response-shift bias. Applied Psychological Measurement, 3, 481–494.CrossRef
27.
Sprangers, M. A., et al. (1999). Revealing response shift in longitudinal research on fatigue—the use of the thentest approach. Acta Oncologica, 38(6), 709–718.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Schwartz, C. E., & Sprangers, M. A. G. (2010). Guidelines for improving the stringency of response shift research using the then-test. Quality of Life Research, 19, 455–464.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Schwartz, C. E., et al. (2004). Exploring response shift in longitudinal data. Psychology and Health, 19(1), 51–69.CrossRef
30.
Ahmed, S., et al. (2005). Change in quality of life in people with stroke over time: True change or response shift? Quality of Life Research, 14, 611–627.CrossRefPubMed
31.
McPhail, S., & Haines, T. (2010). Response shift, recall bias and their effect on measuring change in health-related quality of life amongst older hospital patients. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 8(1), 1.CrossRef
32.
Schwartz, C. E., et al. (2006). The clinical significance of adaptation to changing health: A meta-analysis of response shift. Quality of Life Research, 15, 1533–1550.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21(3), 219–239.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Schwartz, C. E., et al. (2014). Fluctuations in appraisal over time in the context of stable and non-stable health. Quality of Life Research, 23(1), 9–19.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Reeve, B. B., et al. (2013). ISOQOL recommends minimum standards for patient-reported outcome measures used in patient-centered outcomes and comparative effectiveness research. Quality of Life Research, 22(8), 1889–1905.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Jaeschke, R., Singer, J., & Guyatt, G. H. (1989). Measurement of health status: Ascertaining the minimal clinically important difference. Controlled Clinical Trials, 10(4), 407–415.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Kamper, S. J., Maher, C. G., & Mackay, G. (2009). Global rating of change scales: A review of strengths and weaknesses and considerations for design. Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy, 17(3), 163–170.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
38.
Beaton, D. E. (2000). Understanding the relevance of measured change through studies of responsiveness. Spine, 25(24), 3192–3199.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Beaton, D. E., et al. (2001). A taxonomy for responsiveness. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 54(12), 1204–1217.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Cella, D., Hahn, E. A., & Dineen, K. (2002). Meaningful change in cancer-specific quality of life scores: Differences between improvement and worsening. Quality of Life Research, 11(3), 207–221.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Schwartz, C. E., et al. (2012). The Symptom Inventory disability-specific short-forms for multiple sclerosis: Construct validity, responsiveness, and interpretation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 93(9), 1617–1628.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Kvam, A. K., Wisloff, F., & Fayers, P. M. (2010). Minimal important differences and response shift in health-related quality of life; A longitudinal study in patients with multiple myeloma. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 8, 79.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
43.
Fitzpatrick, R., et al. (1993). Transition questions to assess outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology, 32(9), 807–811.CrossRef
44.
Kamper, S. J., et al. (2010). Global perceived effect scales provided reliable assessments of health transition in people with musculoskeletal disorders, but ratings are strongly influenced by current status. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(7), 760–766.CrossRefPubMed
45.
Schwartz, C. E., Powell, V. E., & Rapkin, B. D. (2016). When global rating of change contradicts observed change: Examining appraisal processes underlying paradoxical responses over time. Quality of Life Research. doi:10.​1007/​s11136-016-1414-3.
46.
Taminiau-Bloem, E. F., et al. (2010). A ‘short walk’ is longer before radiotherapy than afterwards: A qualitative study questioning the baseline and follow-up design. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 8(1), 1.CrossRef
47.
Neudert, C., Wasner, M., & Borasio, G. D. (2004). Individual quality of life is not correlated with health-related quality of life or physical function in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 7(4), 551–557.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Astin, J. A., et al. (1999). Sense of control and adjustment to breast cancer: The importance of balancing control coping styles. Behavioral Medicine, 25(3), 101–109.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Shapiro, D. H., Jr., Schwartz, C. E., & Astin, J. A. (1996). Controlling ourselves, controlling our world. Psychology’s role in understanding positive and negative consequences of seeking and gaining control. American Psychologist, 51(12), 1213–1230.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Linville, P. W. (1987). Self-complexity as a cognitive buffer against stress-related illness and depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(4), 663–676.CrossRefPubMed
51.
Nevadunsky, N. S., et al. (2014). The role and timing of palliative medicine consultation for women with gynecologic malignancies: Association with end of life interventions and direct hospital costs. Gynecologic Oncology, 132(1), 3–7.CrossRefPubMed
52.
Nevadunsky, N. S., et al. (2011). Utilization of palliative medicine in a racially and ethnically diverse population of women with gynecologic malignancies. Cancer Research, 71(8 Suppl), 5026.CrossRef
53.
Kim, A., Fall, P., & Wang, D. (2005). Palliative care: Optimizing quality of life. Journal-American Osteopathic Association, 105(11), S9.
54.
Lorenz, K. A., et al. (2008). Evidence for improving palliative care at the end of life: A systematic review. Annals of Internal Medicine, 148(2), 147–159.CrossRefPubMed
55.
Bakitas, M., et al. (2009). Effects of a palliative care intervention on clinical outcomes in patients with advanced cancer: The Project ENABLE II randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 302(7), 741–749.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
56.
Temel, J. S., et al. (2011). Longitudinal perceptions of prognosis and goals of therapy in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: Results of a randomized study of early palliative care. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 29(17), 2319–2326.CrossRefPubMed
57.
Temel, J. S., et al. (2010). Early palliative care for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 363(8), 733–742.CrossRefPubMed
58.
Ohri, N., et al. (2015). Predictors of radiation therapy noncompliance in an urban academic cancer center. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 91(1), 232–238.CrossRefPubMed
59.
McDonald, H. P., Garg, A. X., & Haynes, R. B. (2002). Interventions to enhance patient adherence to medication prescriptions: Scientific review. JAMA, 288(22), 2868–2879.CrossRefPubMed
60.
Rapkin, B., et al. (2016). Assessment of quality of life Appraisal in patient-centered care. In American Psychosocial Oncology Society annual meeting, San Diego, CA.
61.
Schwartz, C. E., Li, J., & Rapkin, B. D. (2016). Refining a web-based goal assessment interview: Item reduction based on reliability and predictive validity. Quality of Life Research, 10, 1–12.
62.
Botteman, M., et al. (2003). Quality of life aspects of bladder cancer: A review of the literature. Quality of Life Research, 12(6), 675–688.CrossRefPubMed
63.
Sandler, J. (2007). Community-based practices: Integrating dissemination theory with critical theories of power and justice. American Journal of Community Psychology, 40(3–4), 272–289.CrossRefPubMed
64.
Diemer, M. A., et al. (2015). Advances in the conceptualization and measurement of critical consciousness. The Urban Review, 47(5), 809–823.CrossRef
65.
Choy, Y., Fyer, A. J., & Lipsitz, J. D. (2015). Cognitive restructuring (p. 88). Phobias: The Psychology of Irrational Fear.
66.
Nowlan, J. S., et al. (2015). A comparison of single-session positive reappraisal, cognitive restructuring and supportive counselling for older adults with type 2 diabetes. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 40(2):216–229.CrossRef
67.
Prilleltensky, I. (2008). The role of power in wellness, oppression, and liberation: The promise of psychopolitical validity. Journal of Community Psychology, 36(2), 116–136.CrossRef
68.
Fetterman, D. M., & Wandersman, A. (2005). Empowerment evaluation principles in practice. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
69.
Cyril, S., Smith, B. J., & Renzaho, A. M. (2015). Systematic review of empowerment measures in health promotion. Health Promotion International. doi:10.​1093/​heapro/​dav059.
70.
Finkelstein, J., et al. (2012). Appraisal processes in people awaiting spine surgery: Investigating quality of life using mixed methods [Abstract]. Quality of Life Research, 20, 106.
Metadaten
Titel
Appraisal assessment in patient-reported outcome research: methods for uncovering the personal context and meaning of quality of life
verfasst von
Carolyn E. Schwartz
Joel A. Finkelstein
Bruce D. Rapkin
Publikationsdatum
17.12.2016
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
Quality of Life Research / Ausgabe 3/2017
Print ISSN: 0962-9343
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2649
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-016-1476-2

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2017

Quality of Life Research 3/2017 Zur Ausgabe

OriginalPaper

Affective disorders and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in adolescents and young adults with Multiple Sclerosis (MS): the moderating role of resilience

OriginalPaper

Improving measures of work-related physical functioning

OriginalPaper

Quality of life in adults with asthma treated in allergy and pneumology subspecialties: relationship with sociodemographic, clinical and psychological variables

OriginalPaper

Functioning in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review of the literature using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a reference

OriginalPaper

Life satisfaction of women of working age shortly after breast cancer surgery

OriginalPaper

The influence of acculturation strategies in quality of life by immigrants in Northern Chile