Background
Software programs | American Dental Association models | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Factors | NUS-CRA 11 factors | Cariogram 9 factors | PreViser 11 factors | ADA 11 factors | CAMBRA 14 factors | CAT 12 factors |
Socio-demographic
| ||||||
Age | X | X | ||||
Ethnicity | X | |||||
Family socioeconomic status | X | X | X | X | ||
Behavioural
| ||||||
Infant feeding history | X | X | ||||
Diet | X | X | X | X | X | X |
Fluoride | X | X | X | X | X | X |
Dental attendance | X | X | X | X | ||
Clinical
| ||||||
Oral hygiene | X | X | X | X | X | X |
Past caries | X | X | X | X | X | X |
White spot lesions | X | X | X | |||
Enamel defects | X | |||||
Dental appliance | X | X | X | X | ||
Systemic health | X | X | X | X | X | X |
Medication | X | X | ||||
Salivary and microbiological
| ||||||
Saliva flow rate | X | X | X | X | X | |
Saliva buffering capacity | X | |||||
Mutans streptococci | X | X | X | X | X | |
Lactobacilli | X | X | X | X |
Methods
Protocol and registration
Eligibility criteria
Information sources and search strategy
Study selection
Data collection
Assessment of risk of bias and risk of bias across studies
Synthesis of the results
Results
Authors (year) | Outcome | Subjects | Indices | Caries risk model | Statistical significance | Quality assessment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Children/Adolescents | ||||||
Gaob, (2015) [8] | CI | 544 | dmft | Full Cariogram, CAT, CAMBRA, NUS-CRA |
+
| Good |
Sundel, (2015) [21] | ACS | 133 | dmfs/DMFS | Full Cariogram | + | Good |
Cabral, (2014) [22] | ACS | 150 | dmft/DMFT | Form based on Cariogram 7 factors | ++ | Poor |
Kemparaj, (2014) [37] | CI | 200 | DMFT/S | Full Cariogram | + | Poor |
Gaob, (2013) [36] | CI | 544 | dmft | Full Cariogram, CAT, CAMBRA, NUS-CRA | + | Good |
Zukanovich, (2013) [41] | CI | 109 | DMFS/DMFT | Full Cariogram, PreViser, CAT | + | Fair |
Campus, (2012) [35] | CI | 957 | DFS | Cariogram 7 factors | + | Good |
Hebbal, (2012) [23] | ACS | 100 | DMFT | Full Cariogram | ++ | Poor |
Kavvadia, (2012) [24] | ACS | 814 | dmft | Full Cariogram | + | Fair |
Gao, (2010) [16] | CI | 1576 | dmft | Full Cariogram |
e
| Good |
Peterssonc,(2010b) [39] | CI | 392 | DMFS | Full Cariogram, Cariogram 6 factors | + | Good |
Petersson, (2010a) [40] | CI | 392 | DMFS | Full Cariogram | + | Good |
Campus, (2009) [25] | ACS | 957 | dmfs/DMFS | Cariogram 7 factors | ++ | Good |
Holgerson, (2009) [15] | CI | 125 | dmfs/DMFS | Full Cariogram | + | Fair |
Twetman, (2005) [33] | CI | 64 | DFS | Full Cariogram | ++ | Good |
Peterssona,b, (2004) [34] | CI | 446 | DFS | Full Cariogram | ++ | Good |
Peterssonb, (2002) [32] | CI | 446 | DMFT/S | Full Cariogram | + | Good |
Adults | ||||||
Petersson, (2015) [44] | CI | 1295 | DFT/DFTS | Full Cariogram | ++ | Good |
Carta, (2015) [31] | ACS | 480 | ICDAS | Full Cariogram | ++ | Good |
Chaffee, (2015) [45] | CI | 4468 | DFS | CAMBRA | + | Good |
Chang (2014) [30] | CI | 110 | DMFT/S | Cariogram 7 factors | + | Good |
Chang and Kim, (2014) [42] | ACS | 102 | DMFT | Full Cariogram | + | Good |
Lee, (2013) [29] | ACS | 80 | DMFT | Full Cariogram, Cariogram 7/8 factors | + | Fair |
Petersson, (2013) [7] | ACS | 1295 | DFT/S | Cariogram 8 factors | ++ | Good |
Celik, (2012) [43] | CI | 100 | DMFT/S | Full Cariogram | + | Fair |
Peker, (2012) [27] | ACS | 90 | DMFT/S | Full Cariogram | + | Fair |
Sonbul, (2008) [28] | ACS | 175 | DMFS | Full Cariogram | + | Good |
Ruiz Miravet, (2007) [26] | ACS | 48 | DMFT/S | Full Cariogram | ++ | Poor |
Peterssona,d, (2004) [34] | CI | 208 | DFS | Full Cariogram | ++ | Fair |
Peterssond, (2003) [1] | CI | 208 | DMFS /DFS/DFRS | Full Cariogram | ++ | Good |
Both Children/Adults | ||||||
Giacaman, (2013) [20] | ACS | 180 | DMFT | Cariogram 7 factors | – | Poor |
Almosa, (2012) [18] | ACS | 89 | DMFS | Full Cariogram | ++ | Fair |
Al Mulla, (2009) [19] | ACS | 100 | DFS | Full Cariogram | ++ | Fair |
Association between caries risk level and actual caries status in children
Association between caries risk level and actual caries status in adults
Association between caries risk level and caries increment in children and adults
Authors (year) | Age | Study time (years) | Subjects | Caries increments | Range Mean (Standard Deviation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cariogram
|
0–20
|
21–40
|
41–60
|
61–80
|
81–100
| ||||
Gao (2013) [36] | C | 1 | 485 | dmft | 2.67 (2.96) | 2.02 (1.71) | 1.56 (1.63) | 0.77 (1.21) | 0.34 (0.88) |
Kemparaj (2014) [37] | C | 2 | 200 | DMFT | 0.54 (1.2) | 0.43 (1.32) | 0.39 (1.04) | 0.34 (0.80) | 0.06 (0.09) |
DMFS | 0.79 (1.73) | 0.73 (1.55) | 0.48 (1.72) | 0.39 (1.20) | 0.09 (1.12) | ||||
Celik (2012) [43] | A | 2 | 100 | DMFT | 1.23 (0.86) | 0.65 (0.81) | 0.39 (1.02) | 0.08 (0.28) | 0 (0) |
DMFS | 1.23 (0.86) | 0.9 (0.97) | 0.48 (1.6) | 0.08 (0.28) | 0 (0) | ||||
Petersson (2002) [32] | C | 2 | 392 | DMFT | 1.67 (1.44) | 1.46 (2.20) | 1.07 (1.36) | 0.42 (0.90) | 0.23 (0.61) |
DMFS | 2.58 (1.83) | 2.62 (4.11) | 1.47 (1.81) | 0.53 (1.24) | 0.27 (0.70) | ||||
Petersson (2015) [44] | A | 3 | 982 | DFT | 1.00 (1.40) | 0.84 (0.95) | 0.82 (1.18) | 0.53 (1.07) | 0.24 (0.58) |
Petersson (2010a) [40] | C | 2 | 392 | DMFS | 3.00 (a) | 2.70 (a) | 1.50 (a) | 0.50 (a) | 0.20 (a) |
DFS | 1.99 (3.00) | 1.7 (1.76) | 1.59 (2.55) | 0.85 (1.91) | 0.29 (0.89) | ||||
Petersson (2004)b [34] | C | 2 | 392 | DFS | 1.30 (a) | 1.30 (a) | 0.70 (a) | 0.30 (a) | 0.10 (a) |
A | 5 | 148 | DFS | 1.90 (a) | 1.00 (a) | 1.20 (a) | 0.40 (a) | 0 (a) | |
Campus (2012) [35] | C | 2 | 861 | DS | 1.20 (a) | 1.20 (a) | 0.10 (a) | 0.20 (a) | 0.10 (a) |
Cariogram
|
0–20
|
21–40
|
41–60
|
61–100
| |||||
Chang and Kim (2014) [42] | C | 1.3 | 64 | DMFT | 2.97 (5.2) | 1.28 (1.5) | 1.36 (2.2) | 0.44 (0.7) | |
DMFS | 5.81 (11.97) | 1.28 (1.5) | 3.27 (6.8) | 0.44 (0.7) | |||||
Petersson (2003) [1] | A | 5 | DMFS | 16.21 (15.97) | 7.36 (9.34) | 7.96 (9.52) | 5.23 (6.97) | ||
Cariogram
|
0–25
|
26–50
|
51–75
|
76–100
| |||||
Twetman (2005) [33] | C | 3 | 64 | DFS | 8 (10.8) | 3.4 (2.6) | 2.6 (3.7) | 0 (0) | |
Cariogram
|
0–20
|
21–80
|
81–100
| ||||||
Zukanovic (2013) [41] | C | 3 | 70 | DMFT | 1.80 (1.79) | 2.40 (2.36) | 1.77 (1.88) | ||
DMFS | 5.00 (7.07) | 4.71 (4.34) | 2.54 (2.44) | ||||||
Cariogram
|
0–40
|
41–100
| |||||||
Holgerson (2009) [15] | C | 5 | 125 | dmfs/DMFS | 2.40 (3.2) | 0.10 (0.4) | |||
Cambra
|
High
|
Moderate
|
Low
| ||||||
Gao (2013) [36] | C | 1 | 485 | dmft | 1.24 (1.58) | 0.27 (0.68) | 0.20 (0.76) | ||
Chaffee (2015) [45] | A | 1.5 | 4468 | DFT | 1.74 (a) | 1.16 (a) | 1.01 (a) | ||
CAT
|
High
|
Moderate
|
Low
| ||||||
Gao (2013) [36] | C | 1 | 485 | dmft | 0.79 (1.31) | 0.08 (0.28) | 0 (0) | ||
Zukanovic (2013) [41] | C | 3 | 70 | DMFT | 2.19 (2.33) | 2.60 (1.82) | 2.38 (1.92) | ||
DMFS | 4.54 (4.41) | 3.80 (5.81) | 3.13 (2.53) | ||||||
NUS-CRA
|
Very High
|
High
|
Moderate
|
Low
|
Very Low
| ||||
Gao (2013) [36] | C | 1 | 485 | dmft | 2.18 (1.87) | 2.10 (1.63) | 1.26 (1.38) | 0.85 (1.11) | 0.17 (0.69) |
PreViser
|
High
|
Moderate
|
Low
| ||||||
Zukanovic (2013) [41] | C | 3 | 70 | DMFT | 2.35 (2.27) | 1.92 (2.18) | 2.18 (2.32) | ||
DMFS | 5.04 (4.75) | 3.08 (2.87) | 2.82 (3.19) |
Authors (year) | Number of factors | Sample n | Age at baseline (years) | Sensibility % (95%Confidence Interval) | Specificity % (95%Confidence Interval) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Children | |||||
Gao (2013) [36] | Full | 485 | 3 | 66.4a | 78.5a |
Campus (2012) [35] | 7 | 861 | 7–9 | 52.0 (18.6–94.6) | 79.5 (99.2–54.7) |
Gao (2010) [16] | Full | 1782 | 3–6 | 70.5a | 65.8a |
Holgersonb (2009) [15] | Full | 66b | 2 | 46.0 (31.0–62.0) | 88.0 (71.0–104.0) |
Twetman (2005) [33] | Full | 64 | 8–16 | 75.0a | 71.0a |
Petersson (2002) [32] | Full | 392 | 10–11 | 41.0 (9.0–73.0) | 79.8 (99.6–60.0) |
Adults | |||||
Petersson (2015) [44] | Full | 1295 | 19 | 47.0 (11.9–89.2) | 72.5 (33.5–94.8) |