Introduction
Methods
Data source
Interpretation of Ioflupane [123I] imaging results
Statistical methods
Results
Study population
Subjects with CUPS | Subgroup: H&Y stage | Subgroup: MMSE score | Subgroup: age of subjects at baseline | Subgroup: clinical syndrome predominance at baselinea
| ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1-year clinical diagnosis | Ioflupane [123I] imaging results | <2 | ≥2 | Total | <29 | ≥29 | Total | <68 years | ≥68 years | Total | TD | BRP dominant | B | Total |
PS
| Normal | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
Abnormal | 26 | 20 | 46 | 19 | 27 | 46 | 15 | 31 | 46 | 10 | 17 | 19 | 46 | |
Non-PS
| Normal | 20 | 21 | 41 | 16 | 25 | 41 | 15 | 26 | 41 | 25 | 4 | 12 | 41 |
Abnormal | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
Total
| 48 | 44 | 92 | 37 | 55 | 92 | 34 | 58 | 92 | 35 | 25 | 32 | 92 |
Hoehn and Yahr stage
Subjects with CUPS | Clinical diagnosis at 1 year post-scan | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgroup: modified H&Y stage <2 | Subgroup: modified H&Y stage ≥2 | |||||
PS | Non-PS | Total | PS | Non-PS | Total | |
Abnormal ioflupane [
123
I] images
a
| 26 | 0 | 26 | 20 | 2 | 22 |
Normal ioflupane [
123
I] images
| 2 | 20 | 22 | 1 | 21 | 22 |
Total
| 28 | 20 | 48 | 21 | 23 | 44 |
Statistic
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
P
value/analysis method
b
| |
Sensitivity
c
| 0.9286 | (0.7650, 0.9912) | 0.9524 | (0.7618, 0.9988) | 1.0000 | |
Specificity
d
| 1.0000 | (0.8316, 1.0000) | 0.9130 | (0.7196, 0.9893) | 0.4906 | |
Accuracy
| 0.9583 | (0.8575, 0.9949) | 0.9318 | (0.8134, 0.9857) | 0.6673 | |
Positive predictive value
| 1.0000 | (0.8677, 1.0000) | 0.9091 | (0.7084, 0.9888) | 0.2048 | |
Negative predictive value
| 0.9091 | (0.7084, 0.9888) | 0.9545 | (0.7716, 0.9988) | 1.0000 |
Mini-mental state examination
Subjects with CUPS | Clinical diagnosis at 1 year post-scan | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgroup: MMSE <29 | Subgroup: MMSE ≥29 | |||||
PS | Non-PS | Total | PS | Non-PS | Total | |
Abnormal ioflupane [
123
I] images
a
| 19 | 1 | 20 | 27 | 1 | 28 |
Normal ioflupane [
123
I] images
| 1 | 16 | 17 | 2 | 25 | 27 |
Total
| 20 | 17 | 37 | 29 | 26 | 55 |
Statistic
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
P
value/analysis method
b
| |
Sensitivity
c
| 0.9500 | (0.7513, 0.9987) | 0.9310 | (0.7723, 0.9915) | 1.0000 | |
Specificity
d
| 0.9412 | (0.7131, 0.9985) | 0.9615 | (0.8036, 0.9990) | 1.0000 | |
Accuracy
| 0.9459 | (0.8181, 0.9934) | 0.9455 | (0.8488, 0.9886) | 1.0000 | |
Positive predictive value
| 0.9500 | (0.7513, 0.9987) | 0.9643 | (0.8165, 0.9991) | 1.0000 | |
Negative predictive value
| 0.9412 | (0.7131, 0.9985) | 0.9259 | (0.7571, 0.9909) | 1.0000 |
Subject’s age
Subjects with CUPS | Clinical diagnosis at 1 year post-scan | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgroup: <68 years of age | Subgroup: ≥68 years of age | |||||
PS | Non-PS | Total | PS | Non-PS | Total | |
Abnormal ioflupane [
123
I] images
a
| 22 | 0 | 22 | 24 | 2 | 26 |
Normal ioflupane [
123
I] images
| 2 | 20 | 22 | 1 | 21 | 22 |
Total
| 24 | 20 | 44 | 25 | 23 | 48 |
Statistic
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
P
value/analysis method
b
| |
Sensitivity
c
| 0.9167 | (0.7300, 0.9897) | 0.9600 | (0.7965, 0.9990) | 0.6092 | |
Specificity
d
| 1.0000 | (0.8316, 1.0000) | 0.9130 | (0.7196, 0.9893) | 0.4906 | |
Accuracy
| 0.9545 | (0.8453, 0.9944) | 0.9375 | (0.8280, 0.9869) | 1.0000 | |
Positive predictive value
| 1.0000 | (0.8456, 1.0000) | 0.9231 | (0.7487, 0.9905) | 0.4929 | |
Negative predictive value
| 0.9091 | (0.7084, 0.9888) | 0.9545 | (0.7716, 0.9988) | 1.0000 |
Clinical syndrome predominance
Subjects with CUPS | Clinical diagnosis at 1 year post-scan | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgroup A: BRP dominanta
| Subgroup B: TDb
| Subgroup C: balancedc
| |||||||
PS | Non-PS | Total | PS | Non-PS | Total | PS | Non-PS | Total | |
Abnormal ioflupane [
123
I] images
d
| 17 | 2 | 19 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 19 | 0 | 19 |
Normal ioflupane [
123
I] images
| 2 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 12 | 13 |
Total
| 19 | 6 | 25 | 10 | 25 | 35 | 20 | 12 | 32 |
Statistic
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
P
value
e
(subgroup A vs. subgroup B)
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
P
value
e
(subgroup B vs. subgroup C)
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
P
value
e
(subgroup C vs. subgroup A)
|
Sensitivity
f
| 0.8947 | (0.6686, 0.9870) | 0.5320 | 1.0000 | (0.6915, 1.0000) | 1.0000 | 0.9500 | (0.7513, 0.9987) | 0.6050 |
Specificity
g
| 0.6667 | (0.2228, 0.9567) | 0.0323 | 1.0000 | (0.8628, 1.0000) | NE | 1.0000 | (0.7354, 1.0000) | 0.0980 |
Accuracy
| 0.8400 | (0.6392, 0.9546) | 0.0259 | 1.0000 | (0.9000, 1.0000) | 0.4776 | 0.9688 | (0.8378, 0.9992) | 0.1575 |
Positive predictive value
| 0.8947 | (0.6686, 0.9870) | 0.5320 | 1.0000 | (0.6915, 1.0000) | NE | 1.0000 | (0.8235, 1.0000) | 0.4865 |
Negative predictive value
| 0.6667 | (0.2228, 0.9567) | 0.0323 | 1.0000 | (0.8628, 1.0000) | 0.3421 | 0.9231 | 0.6397, 0.9981) | 0.2219 |
Subjects with CUPS | Clinical diagnosis at 1 year post-scan | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgroup A: BRP dominanta
| Subgroup B: TDb
| Subgroup C: balancedc
| |||||||
Baseline clinical diagnosis | PS | Non-PS | Total | PS | Non-PS | Total | PS | Non-PS | Total |
Positive (PS)
| 21 | 4 | 25 | 8 | 10 | 18 | 17 | 6 | 23 |
Negative (non-PS)
| 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 13 | 14 | 3 | 7 | 10 |
Total
| 21 | 6 | 27 | 9 | 23 | 32 | 20 | 13 | 33 |
Statistic
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
P
value
d
(subgroup A vs. subgroup B)
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
P
value
d
(subgroup B vs. subgroup C)
|
Result
|
Exact 95% CI
|
P
value
d
(subgroup C vs. subgroup A)
|
Sensitivity
e
| 1.0000 | (0.8389, 1.0000) | 0.3000 | 0.8889 | (0.5175, 0.9972) | 1.0000 | 0.8500 | (0.6211, 0.9679) | 0.1069 |
Specificity
f
| 0.3330 | (0.0433, 0.7772) | 0.3898 | 0.5652 | (0.3449, 0.7681) | 1.0000 | 0.5385 | (0.2513, 0.8078) | 0.6285 |
Accuracy
| 0.8519 | (0.6627, 0.9581) | 0.1335 | 0.6563 | (0.4681, 0.8143) | 0.5977 | 0.7273 | (0.5448, 0.8670) | 0.3480 |
Positive predictive value
| 0.8400 | (0.6392, 0.9546) | 0.0093 | 0.4444 | (0.2153, 0.6924) | 0.1055 | 0.7391 | (0.5159, 0.8977) | 0.4869 |
Negative predictive value
| 1.0000 | (0.1581, 1.0000) | 1.0000 | 0.9286 | (0.6613, 0.9982) | 0.2721 | 0.7000 | (0.3475, 0.9333) | 1.0000 |
Subjects with CUPS: subgroup | Ioflupane [123I] imaging vs. 1-year clinical diagnosis as reference standard | Baseline clinical diagnosis vs. 1-year clinical diagnosis as reference standard |
Pvaluea
| |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Result | Exact 95% CI | Result | Exact 95% CI | |||
Subgroup A: BRP dominant
b
|
Sensitivity
c
| 0.8947 | (0.6686, 0.9870) | 1.0000 | (0.8389, 1.0000) | 0.2192 |
Specificity
d
| 0.6667 | (0.2228, 0.9567) | 0.3330 | (0.0433, 0.7772) | 0.5671 | |
Accuracy
| 0.8400 | (0.6392, 0.9546) | 0.8519 | (0.6627, 0.9581) | 1.0000 | |
PPV
| 0.8947 | (0.6686, 0.9870) | 0.8400 | (0.6392, 0.9546) | 0.6843 | |
NPV
| 0.6667 | (0.2228, 0.9567) | 1.0000 | (0.1581, 1.0000) | 1.0000 | |
Subgroup B: TD
e
| ||||||
Sensitivity
c
| 1.0000 | (0.6915, 1.0000) | 0.8889 | (0.5175, 0.9972) | 0.4737 | |
Specificity
d
| 1.0000 | (0.8628, 1.0000) | 0.5652 | (0.3449, 0.7681) | <0.0001 | |
Accuracy
| 1.0000 | (0.9000, 1.0000) | 0.6563 | (0.4681, 0.8143) | <0.0001 | |
PPV
| 1.0000 | (0.6915, 1.0000) | 0.4444 | (0.2153, 0.6924) | 0.0039 | |
NPV
| 1.0000 | (0.8628, 1.0000) | 0.9286 | (0.6613, 0.9982) | 0.3590 | |
Subgroup C: balanced
f
| ||||||
Sensitivity
c
| 0.9500 | (0.7513, 0.9987) | 0.8500 | (0.6211, 0.9679) | 0.6050 | |
Specificity
d
| 1.0000 | (0.7354, 1.0000) | 0.5385 | (0.2513, 0.8078) | 0.0149 | |
Accuracy
| 0.9688 | (0.8378, 0.9992) | 0.7273 | (0.5448, 0.8670) | 0.0129 | |
PPV
| 1.0000 | (0.8235, 1.0000) | 0.7391 | (0.5159, 0.8977) | 0.0244 | |
NPV
| 0.9231 | 0.6397, 0.9981) | 0.7000 | (0.3475, 0.9333) | 0.2806 |