Background
Methods
Participants
Procedures
Instruments
Screen Time
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status (SES)
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Physical Activity
Physical Activity Concerns
Seasons
Daycare
Data Analysis
Results
Characteristic | Boys
n = 828
| Girls
n= 805 | Overall
n= 1633 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 4 years (%) (5) | 45.4 | 52.2 | 48.7 |
5 years (%) | 54.6 | 47.8 | 51.3 | |
PA Concerns | Yes (%) | 10.3 | 6.2 | 8.3 |
No (%) | 89.7 | 93.8 | 91.7 | |
Day Care | Yes (%) | 87.7 | 86.6 | 87.2 |
No (%) | 12.2 | 13.4 | 12.8 | |
Seasons | Fall (%) | 15.5 | 15.4 | 15.4 |
Winter (%) | 17.5 | 13.0 | 15.3 | |
Spring (%) | 28.9 | 29.6 | 29.2 | |
Summer (%) | 38.1 | 42.0 | 40.1 | |
SES | Low (%) | 21.4 | 22.0 | 21.7 |
Medium (%) | 35.6 | 35.7 | 35.6 | |
High (%) | 43.0 | 42.4 | 42.7 | |
PA (minutes/week) | 708.1 (512.6) | 657.3 (511.3) | 683.0 (512.5) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 16.1 (2.3) | 16.0 (2.2) | 16.0 (2.2) |
Characteristics | Low SES | Medium SES | High SES | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Linear Test for Trend | |
Screen Time | ||||
Boys | 883.8 (555.7) | 871.6 (491.8) | 837.8 (452.0) |
F (1) = 1.26, p = 0.26 |
Girls | 906.2 (556.8) | 810.1 (512.8) | 756.7 (440.5) |
F (1) = 9.90, p < 0.01 |
Overall | 894.2 (555.5) | 839.8 (503.3) | 798.2 (448.0) |
F (1) = 9.03, p < 0.01 |
TV/Movie | ||||
Boys | 660.9 (409.5) | 688.1 (416.0) | 664.73 (370.7) |
F (1) = 0.00, p = 0.95 |
Girls | 739.8 (453.2) | 701.3 (451.1) | 644.7 (403.1) |
F (1) = 6.00, p = 0.01 |
Overall | 697.5 (431.5) | 694.9 (434.2) | 654.96 (386.72) |
F (1) = 3.22, p = 0.07 |
(%) | (%) | (%) | Linear Test for Trend | |
Video Games | ||||
Boys | 43.3 | 36.1 | 32.0 |
Z (1) = -2.60, p < 0.01 |
Girls | 18.5 | 15.4 | 11.2 |
Z (1) = -2.32, p = 0.02 |
Overall | 31.8 | 25.4 | 21.8 |
Z (1) = -3.47, p < 0.01 |
Computer | ||||
Boys | 52.4 | 61.3 | 65.9 |
Z (1) = 3.01, p < 0.01 |
Girls | 56.2 | 56.3 | 66.5 |
Z (1) = 2.60, p < 0.01 |
Overall | 54.2 | 58.7 | 66.2 |
Z (1) = 3.97, p < 0.01 |
Neighborhood SES | Unadjusted | Adjusted a
| ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Boys | β | 95%CI | β | 95%CI |
Screen Time (Mins/Week) | ||||
Low | 45.97 | -40.53 to 132.46 | 28.84 | -57.99 to 115.67 |
Medium | 33.78 | -43.09 to 110.65 | 23.81 | -52.91 to 100.52 |
High | Reference | Reference | ||
TV/Movie (Mins/Week) | ||||
Low | -3.86 | -73.56 to 65.84 | -15.07 | -85.24 to 55.11 |
Medium | 23.36 | -38.58 to 85.31 | 15.05 | -47.06 to 77.16 |
High | Reference | Reference | ||
Girls
|
β
|
95%CI
|
β
|
95%CI
|
Screen Time (Mins/Week) | ||||
Low | 149.50* | 57.61 to 241.40 | 142.30* | 49.75 to 234.85 |
Medium | 53.39 | -23.20 to 129.98 | 48.81 | -28.09 to 125.70 |
High | Reference | Reference | ||
TV/Movie (Mins/Week) | ||||
Low | 95.04* | 14.55 to 175.54 | 97.22* | 16.63 to 177.81 |
Medium | 56.58 | -10.51 to 123.67 | 55.74 | -11.36 to 122.85 |
High | Reference | Reference |
Neighborhood SES | Unadjusted | Adjusted a
| ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Video Game | OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI |
Low | 1.67* | 1.26 - 2.23 | 1.70* | 1.26 - 2.29 |
Medium | 1.22 | 0.94 - 1.58 | 1.28 | 0.98 - 1.67 |
High | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Computer
|
OR
|
95%CI
|
OR
|
95%CI
|
Low | 0.60* | 0.47 - 0.79 | 0.59* | 0.45 - 0.76 |
Medium | 0.73* | 0.58 - 0.91 | 0.71* | 0.56 - 0.89 |
High | 1.00 | 1.00 |