Introduction
Materials
Group A (n) | Group B (n) | Group C (n) |
P value (P
A–B/P
A–C/P
B–C) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | 20 | 18 | 21 | |
Male to female ratio | 11:9 | 10:8 | 13:9 | |
Age in years (range) | 53.4 ± 5.2 (19–70) | 48.5 ± 4.3 (30–65) | 55.1 ± 6.3 (20–73) | |
Operation time (min) | 170.5 ± 50.4 | 231.0 ± 30.2 | 190.4 ± 24.2 | <0.05/>0.05/<0.05 |
Amount of bleeding (ml) | 350.3 ± 99.3 | 448.3 ± 50.5 | 380.2 ± 44.5 | <0.05/>0.05/<0.05 |
Hospitalization day (days) | 8.2 ± 5.8 | 18.4 ± 8.7 | 12.4 ± 4.0 | <0.05/<0.05/<0.05 |
Follow-up in months (range) | 45.5 ± 6.1 (24–50) | 42.6 ± 5.2 (26–60) | 40 ± 3.8 (24–58) | >0.05/>0.05/>0.05 |
Mean fusion level (range) | 3.8 (3–5) | 4.8 (3–7) | 4.0 (3–7) | <0.05/>0.05/<0.05 |
Groups | Pre-operative kyphosis angle | Post-operation | Final follow-up | ESR (mm/h) | CRP (mg/L) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kyphosis angle※
| Angle correction | Correction rate (%) | Kyphosis angle *
| Angle lost | Lost rate (%) | Pre-op | 3-month post-op#
| Pre-op | 3-month post-op¥
| ||
Group A | 21.4 ± 8.1 | 7.3 ± 4.2 | 14.1 ± 5.3 | 65.9 ± 7.8 | 9.4 ± 4.8 | 2.1 ± 2.1 | 14.9 | 48.2 ± 11.2 | 10.4 ± 2.7 | 21.3 ± 9.8 | 7.8 ± 2.1 |
Group B | 34.2 ± 17.5 | 5.0 ± 8.8 | 29.2 ± 5.3 | 85.4 ± 4.1 | 5.7 ± 7.0 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 2.4 | 50.6 ± 10.3 | 9.7 ± 5.1 | 19.8 ± 13.4 | 6.1 ± 3.1 |
Group C | 33.4 ± 15.1 | 6.8 ± 5.4 | 26.6 ± 10.8 | 79.6 ± 8.2 | 7.9 ± 5.0 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 4.1 | 48.4 ± 15.8 | 10.2 ± 3.9 | 22.1 ± 10.5 | 6.2 ± 1.9 |
P
A–B
| <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 |
P
A–C
| <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 |
P
B–C
| >0.05 | <0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 | >0.05 |
Pre-operation | Groups A/B/C | Final follow-up in group A*
| Final follow-up in group B#
| Final follow-up in group C※
| ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | C | D | E | A | B | C | D | E | A | B | C | D | E | ||
A | 0/2/1 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||
B | 3/3/2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | |||||||||||
C | 3/6/6 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||
D | 10/6/9 | 10 | 6 | 9 | ||||||||||||
E | 4/1/3 | 4 | 1 | 3 |
Methods
Pre-operative procedure
Operative procedures (three approaches were chosen)
Group A: anterior-only approach
Group B: combined anterior and posterior approach
Group C: posterior-only approach
Postoperative procedure
Follow-up index and statistical analysis
All complications | Group A (n) | Group B (n) | Group C (n) |
P value (P
A–B/P
A–C/P
B–C) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dysphagia | 3 | 4 | 0.687/0.107/0.037 | |
Infection | 2 | 1 | 0.218/1.000/0.586 | |
Hardware-related complications | 4 | 1 | 0.344/0.048/0.462 | |
Pseudarthrosis | 3 | 0.232/0.101/>0.05 | ||
Esophagostoma | 1 | 0.474/>0.05/0.462 | ||
Cage subsidence | 3 | 0.232/0.107/>0.05 | ||
Harvested axial pain | 2 | >0.05/0.488/0.490 | ||
Recurrence of tuberculosis | 1 | >0.05/1.000/1.000 | ||
Revision surgery | 5 | 2 | 0.410/0.021/0.206 | |
Total | 18 | 10 | 4 | 0.027/0.000/0.024 |