Introduction
Patients and methods
Uncomplicated phase • Asymptomatic OR • Symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection • Gastrointestinal symptoms • Fever | Recovery phase • Improvement by one degree of severity according scheme of LEOSS clinical phases or discharge AND • Defervescence AND • No progression/re-hospitalization |
---|---|
Complicated phase | Critical phase |
• Need for oxygen supplementation | • Need for catecholamines |
• Increase of prior oxygen home therapy | • Life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia |
• paO2 < 70 mmHg/SO2 < 90% (at room air) | • Need for unplanned mechanical ventilation |
• Transaminases > 5× ULN | • Prolongation of planned mechanical ventilation |
• New cardiac arrhythmia | • Liver failure (Quick < 50%) |
• New pericardial effusion (> 1 cm) | • qSOFA ≥ 2 |
• New heart failure with pulmonary edema, congestive hepatopathy, peripheral edema | • Acute renal failure in need of dialysis |
Data collection and statistical analysis
Results
Baseline characteristics
Cancer patients, N = 435 | Non-cancer patients, N = 2636 | p value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age categories; n/N (%) | < 0.001 | ||
< 18 years | 5/435 (1) | 47/2636 (2) | |
18–25 years | 1/435 (0.5) | 60/2636 (2) | |
26 – 35 years | 4/435 (1) | 197/2636 (7.5) | |
36 – 45 years | 13/435 (3) | 239/2636 (9) | |
46 – 55 years | 36/435 (8) | 434/2636 (16.5) | |
56 – 65 years | 72/435 (16.5) | 527/2636 (20) | |
66 – 75 years | 108/435 (25) | 413/2636 (15.5) | |
76 – 85 years | 158/435 (36.5) | 508/2636 (19.5) | |
> 85 years | 38/435 (8.5) | 211/2636 (8) | |
Sex; n/N (%) | 0.952 | ||
Female | 176/435 (40.5) | 1073 /2636 (40.5) | |
Male | 259/435 (59.5) | 1563/2636 (59.5) | |
CCI (±SD) | |||
CCI mean | 4.65 (±2.68) | 1.12 (±1.77) | < 0.001 |
CCI w/o cancer | 1.59 (±1.99) | 1.12 (±1.77) | < 0.001 |
Comorbidities; n/N (%) | |||
Hemiplegia | 15/431 (3.5) | 55/2562 (2) | 0.090 |
Dementia | 48/429 (11) | 209/2358 (8) | 0.037 |
Cerebrovascular disease, Stroke, TIA | 59/427 (14) | 222/2560 (8.5) | 0.001 |
Myocardial infarction | 36/424 (8.5) | 156/2539 (6) | 0.069 |
Chronic heart failure | 52/420 (12) | 242/2537 (9.5) | 0.071 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 34/421 (8) | 104/2521 (4) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 259/430 (60) | 1249/2591 (48) | < 0.001 |
Coronary artery disease | 81/420 (19.5) | 343/2518 (13.5) | 0.002 |
COPD | 39/430 (9) | 149/2572 (6) | 0.009 |
Asthma | 15/429 (3.5) | 137/2564 (5.5) | 0.107 |
Other chronic pulmonary disease | 27/422 (6.5) | 110/2539 (4.5) | 0.061 |
Connective tissue disease | 3/429 (0.5) | 20/2560 (1) | 0.857 |
Peptic ulcer disease | 19/428 (4.5) | 51/2558 (2) | 0.002 |
Chronic liver disease | 5/428 (1) | 53/2558 (2) | 0.210 |
Liver cirrhosis | 6/428 (1.5) | 22/2561 (1) | 0.281 |
Diabetes w/o end organ damage | 63/429 (14.5) | 349/2572 (13.5) | 0.534 |
Diabetes w end organ damage | 41/426 (9.5) | 172/2563 (6.5) | 0.030 |
Chronic kidney disease | 87/428 (20.5) | 359/2569 (14) | 0.001 |
Acute kidney injury | 25/328 (7.5) | 121/1878 (6.5) | 0.428 |
Organ transplantation | 5/429 (1) | 49/2564 (2) | 0.283 |
Obesity; n/N (%) | |||
BMI > 30 kg/m2 | 69/184 (24) | 419/1597 (26) | 0.453 |
Smoking; n/N (%) | 0.044 | ||
Active smoking | 36/225 (16) | 170/1270 (14) | |
Non-smoking | 141/225 (62.5) | 899/1270 (70) | |
Former smoking | 48/225 (21.5) | 201/1270 (16) | |
Poor performance status | |||
ECOG > 2; n/N (%) | 44/187 (23.5) | ||
Underlying cancer disease (according to CCI); n/N (%) | |||
Solid tumor | 256/435 (59) | ||
Solid tumor, metastasized | 95/435 (22) | ||
Lymphoma | 76/435 (17.5) | ||
Leukemia | 48/435 (11) | ||
Disease status at detection of SARS-CoV-2; n/N (%) | |||
Active disease | 193/359 (54) | ||
Chemotherapy | 71/357 (20) | ||
High-dose steroids | 27/340 (8) | ||
Targeted therapy | 48/341 (14) | ||
Other immunosuppressive therapy | 36/343 (10.5) | ||
Remission | 59/117 (50.5) | ||
Anti-cancer therapy (≤ 1 month) | 96/418 (22) | ||
Chemotherapy (≤ 3 months) | 36 /418(8.5) | ||
Surgery (≤ 3 months) | 39/418 (9) | ||
Radiation (≤ 3 months) | 25/418 (5.5) |