Introduction
Methods
Study population
Ethics statement
Questionnaires and medical records
Outcomes, exposures and covariates
Target populations for statistical analysis
Statistical analyses
Results
RQ1: initial immunisation with inactivated vaccines only vs. with live vaccines only
Allergy features at 1 year old | Univariable | Multivariable for complete cases | Multivariable for multiple imputed data | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | p value | aOR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | p value | aOR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | p value | |
Allergic disease | 0.984 | 0.935 | 1.035 | 0.521 | 0.994 | 0.940 | 1.051 | 0.832 | 0.985 | 0.935 | 1.037 | 0.553 |
Atopic dermatitis | 0.909 | 0.813 | 1.016 | 0.093 | 0.943 | 0.834 | 1.065 | 0.341 | 0.914 | 0.816 | 1.023 | 0.118 |
Food allergy | 1.008 | 0.947 | 1.074 | 0.805 | 1.013 | 0.946 | 1.084 | 0.720 | 1.011 | 0.948 | 1.078 | 0.736 |
Asthma | 1.027 | 0.885 | 1.192 | 0.724 | 0.989 | 0.840 | 1.164 | 0.894 | 1.033 | 0.887 | 1.203 | 0.679 |
Wheeze | 1.001 | 0.944 | 1.062 | 0.963 | 0.980 | 0.917 | 1.047 | 0.550 | 0.991 | 0.932 | 1.054 | 0.776 |
Eczema | 0.978 | 0.921 | 1.039 | 0.474 | 1.009 | 0.944 | 1.078 | 0.797 | 0.992 | 0.933 | 1.054 | 0.785 |
Outcome | aOR P25 | aOR P50 | aOR P75 | 95% CrI lower | 95% CrI upper | Pr (aOR >1.0) | Pr (aOR >1.5) | Pr (aOR >2.0) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allergic disease | 0.976 | 0.995 | 1.013 | 0.941 | 1.051 | 0.420 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Atopic dermatitis | 0.905 | 0.943 | 0.983 | 0.834 | 1.064 | 0.177 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Food Allergy | 0.989 | 1.013 | 1.037 | 0.947 | 1.084 | 0.642 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Asthma | 0.936 | 0.990 | 1.046 | 0.843 | 1.167 | 0.448 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Wheeze | 0.958 | 0.980 | 1.003 | 0.917 | 1.047 | 0.275 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Eczema | 0.986 | 1.009 | 1.032 | 0.947 | 1.078 | 0.603 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
RQ2: Initial immunisation with multiple inactivated vaccines
Allergy features at 1 year old | Number of inactivated vaccines | Univariable | Multivariable for complete cases | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | p value | aOR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | p value | ||
Allergic disease | 2 vs. 1 | 1.012 | 0.953 | 1.072 | 0.932 | 0.993 | 0.932 | 1.059 | 0.710 |
3 vs. 1 | 1.031 | 0.934 | 1.137 | 0.932 | 1.044 | 0.938 | 1.162 | 0.686 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 1.075 | 0.973 | 1.188 | 0.263 | 1.098 | 0.985 | 1.223 | 0.125 | |
Atopic dermatitis | 2 vs. 1 | 0.957 | 0.837 | 1.093 | 0.683 | 0.947 | 0.820 | 1.094 | 1.000 |
3 vs. 1 | 1.116 | 0.900 | 1.384 | 0.683 | 1.076 | 0.851 | 1.360 | 1.000 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 1.113 | 0.893 | 1.386 | 0.683 | 1.095 | 0.866 | 1.385 | 1.000 | |
Food allergy | 2 vs. 1 | 0.939 | 0.875 | 1.009 | 0.075 | 0.959 | 0.888 | 1.035 | 0.579 |
3 vs. 1 | 0.886 | 0.784 | 1.002 | 0.059 | 0.965 | 0.847 | 1.101 | 1.000 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 0.914 | 0.807 | 1.036 | 0.089 | 0.963 | 0.842 | 1.101 | 1.000 | |
Asthma | 2 vs. 1 | 1.278 | 1.063 | 1.538 | 0.002 | 1.201 | 0.981 | 1.470 | 0.034 |
3 vs. 1 | 1.662 | 1.268 | 2.179 | < 0.0001 | 1.395 | 1.028 | 1.893 | 0.021 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 1.800 | 1.375 | 2.356 | < 0.0001 | 1.544 | 1.149 | 2.075 | 0.002 | |
Wheeze | 2 vs. 1 | 1.035 | 0.966 | 1.109 | 0.240 | 0.990 | 0.916 | 1.069 | 0.752 |
3 vs. 1 | 1.286 | 1.152 | 1.435 | < 0.0001 | 1.238 | 1.094 | 1.401 | < 0.0001 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 1.248 | 1.114 | 1.397 | < 0.0001 | 1.130 | 0.995 | 1.283 | 0.046 | |
Eczema | 2 vs. 1 | 1.021 | 0.952 | 1.096 | 0.485 | 1.006 | 0.932 | 1.086 | 0.851 |
3 vs. 1 | 1.086 | 0.966 | 1.220 | 0.191 | 1.113 | 0.980 | 1.261 | 0.095 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 1.116 | 0.992 | 1.257 | 0.084 | 1.144 | 1.007 | 1.299 | 0.038 |
Variable: number of vaccines | aOR_P25 | aOR_P50 | aOR_P75 | 95% CrI_lower | 95% CrI_upper | Pr (aOR > 1.0) | Pr (aOR > 1.5) | Pr (aOR > 2.0) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allergic disease | 2 vs. 1 | 0.975 | 0.993 | 1.011 | 0.941 | 1.047 | 0.397 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
3 vs. 1 | 1.012 | 1.045 | 1.077 | 0.956 | 1.141 | 0.825 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 1.063 | 1.097 | 1.133 | 1.003 | 1.201 | 0.978 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | |
Atopic dermatitis | 2 vs. 1 | 0.909 | 0.947 | 0.989 | 0.841 | 1.067 | 0.194 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
3 vs. 1 | 1.002 | 1.073 | 1.147 | 0.885 | 1.300 | 0.758 | 0.001 | < 0.0001 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 1.023 | 1.095 | 1.170 | 0.810 | 1.330 | 0.815 | 0.001 | < 0.0001 | |
Food allergy | 2 vs. 1 | 0.939 | 0.959 | 0.980 | 0.899 | 1.020 | 0.090 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
3 vs. 1 | 0.930 | 0.965 | 1.002 | 0.864 | 1.074 | 0.263 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 0.927 | 0.963 | 1.000 | 0.862 | 1.076 | 0.250 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | |
Asthma | 2 vs. 1 | 1.133 | 1.202 | 1.275 | 1.015 | 1.434 | 0.982 | 0.007 | < 0.0001 |
3 vs. 1 | 1.279 | 1.392 | 1.518 | 1.072 | 1.799 | 0.992 | 0.281 | 0.004 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 1.413 | 1.538 | 1.676 | 1.198 | 1.967 | 1.000 | 0.581 | 0.019 | |
Wheeze | 2 vs. 1 | 0.969 | 0.990 | 1.012 | 0.929 | 1.056 | 0.377 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
3 vs. 1 | 1.195 | 1.237 | 1.281 | 1.116 | 1.374 | 1.000 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 1.089 | 1.129 | 1.171 | 1.016 | 1.254 | 0.987 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | |
Eczema | 2 vs. 1 | 0.985 | 1.007 | 1.029 | 0.945 | 1.072 | 0.578 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
3 vs. 1 | 1.072 | 1.112 | 1.153 | 0.999 | 1.234 | 0.974 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | |
4 or 5 vs. 1 | 1.103 | 1.144 | 1.187 | 1.027 | 1.269 | 0.992 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
RQ3: BCG vaccination vs. rotavirus vaccination
Allergy features at 1 year old | Univariable | Multivariable for complete cases | Multivariable for multiple imputed data | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | p value | aOR | Lower 95%CI | Upper 95% CI | p value | aOR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | p value | |
Allergic disease | 1.032 | 0.924 | 1.153 | 0.578 | 0.970 | 0.851 | 1.105 | 0.648 | 0.990 | 0.123 | 7.966 | 0.868 |
Atopic dermatitis | 0.872 | 0.678 | 1.122 | 0.287 | 0.889 | 0.663 | 1.192 | 0.430 | 0.833 | 0.087 | 7.936 | 0.191 |
Food allergy | 1.150 | 1.005 | 1.315 | 0.042 | 1.060 | 0.906 | 1.242 | 0.466 | 1.089 | 0.132 | 9.015 | 0.259 |
Asthma | 0.770 | 0.543 | 1.092 | 0.142 | 1.234 | 0.822 | 1.852 | 0.311 | 1.148 | 0.106 | 12.486 | 0.484 |
Wheeze | 0.914 | 0.802 | 1.041 | 0.175 | 1.068 | 0.912 | 1.2525 | 0.413 | 1.089 | 0.132 | 9.009 | 0.253 |
Eczema | 0.987 | 0.865 | 1.127 | 0.845 | 0.887 | 0.759 | 1.037 | 0.131 | 0.930 | 0.113 | 7.674 | 0.327 |
Outcome | aOR P25 | aOR P50 | aOR P75 | 95% CrI lower | 95% CrI upper | Pr (aOR > 1.0) | Pr (aOR > 1.5) | Pr (aOR > 2.0) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allergic disease | 0.928 | 0.971 | 1.015 | 0.851 | 1.105 | 0.327 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
Atopic dermatitis | 0.798 | 0.884 | 0.977 | 0.656 | 1.181 | 0.205 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
Food allergy | 1.005 | 1.060 | 1.119 | 0.904 | 1.234 | 0.770 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
Asthma | 1.069 | 1.230 | 1.410 | 0.809 | 1.823 | 0.841 | 0.165 | 0.008 |
Wheeze | 1.012 | 1.069 | 1.129 | 0.912 | 1.250 | 0.795 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |
Eczema | 0.839 | 0.887 | 0.934 | 0.758 | 1.036 | 0.063 | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 |