Background
Methods
The study setting
Study design and participants
Data collection
Data analysis
Meaning unit | Condensation | Code | Category | Theme |
---|---|---|---|---|
1-MMB5. When the passenger doesn't want to pay and the conductor demands payment, there is a quarrel, with insults and threats from both sides | Does not want to pay, insults, threats | Does not want to pay | Managing money while transporting passengers | Money |
2-MMB6. There are passengers who come onto the vehicle drunk ... these passengers provoke lots of problems, they insult, shove the conductor. When I stop for him to leave the vehicle, other passengers get angry because I'm causing a delay, so they insult the driver and the conductor | Drunken passengers, verbal abuse, shoving | Drunken passengers | Alcohol abuse | Behavior |
Meaning unit | Condensation | Code | Category | Theme |
---|---|---|---|---|
1-MA5. To prevent insults and threats from passengers, there must be education for passengers, and for drivers and conductors. There are lots of mass media, TV, radio, magazines; or a pamphlet could be written to spread information about how to behave in a chapa1)
| Education for passengers, drivers and conductors, mass media distribution; write a pamphlet with information on how to behave in a chapa | Education for passengers and workers (radio, magazines, TV); spread information; write a pamphlet. | Practical education | Education |
2-MA1. To prevent fights between colleagues we should have somebody to control our cars. The supervisors must be good at checking our cars at the bus terminals, e.g. by ensuring that two cars don't go out at the same time. | Vehicle control at bus terminals; supervisors must be efficient | At the bus terminals, vehicles must depart one at a time; supervisors must be efficient. | Departure of vehicles | Control |
Ethical considerations
Results
Causes of Workplace Violence
Money
Managing money while transporting passengers
Managing revenue owing to owners
Behavior
Alcohol abuse
Disdain, disrespect and disagreement
Failure to meet passengers' expectations and interference
Environment
Overcrowding, breakdown and damage
Organization
Fighting for passengers, rotas and multiple duties
Crime
Suggestions for WPV Prevention
Education | Control | Conflict Avoidance | Institutional Judgment |
---|---|---|---|
Formal education
Train employees in conflict resolution, and employers in passenger transport administration
Practical education
Employers to get to know the job of transport workers by staying in the vehicle for some time Passengers to be informed when fares are raised by using the media or pamphlets.
Moral education, Promote moral considerations with regard to traveling collectively |
Conflicts with passengers regarding money
Inspectors to be more efficient in controlling fare evasion Employers to control workers' activities by registering mileage when handing over the vehicle Have supervisors in the transport sector.
Organizational problems between co-worker
Supervisors to be more efficient in controlling the departure of vehicles from bus terminals | A) Managing specific situations
Due to money problems, e.g. embezzlement of revenue owing to owners, increase the salaries of conductors, and pay the salaries on a fixed day each month Due to environmental problems, e.g. vehicle breakdown because of careless driving, the drivers should pay for the spare vehicle parts. Stop shortcutting of transport routes Traffic police and inspectors to be more efficient in dealing with vehicle overcrowding Due to organizational problems, e.g. the straggle to get passengers, have timetables for buses/minibuses and organized bus terminals Avoid multiple duties for workers Workers on buses/minibuses who do not respect queuing rules should incur penalties from supervisors and fines by the police for priority breaches
B) Managing specific behaviors
Workers should be banned for some days, and expelled if their bad behavior continues. If passengers lose their temper or get abusive, workers should not react, but remain calm and silent. When a drunken passenger wants to get into a vehicle, the police or supervisor must be called to intervene Fine the perpetrator in cases of violence between co-workers
C) Identifying passengers
Avoid passengers who are drunk, and avoid taking passengers to secluded neighborhoods | Create an institution to adjudicate between employers and workers |