Background
Methods
Variables
Statistics
Results
Maternal age | Deliveries | Elective Cesarean section | Planned vaginal delivery | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emergency Cesarean section | Operative vaginal | Unassisted vaginal | |||||||
Deliveries (Row%) | 169,583 | 1689 (1.0 %) | 15,362 (9.0 %) | 27,447 (16.2 %) | 125,085 (73.9 %) | ||||
n
| Row % |
n
| Row % |
n
| Row % |
n
| Row % | ||
<20 | 9398 | 53 | 0.6 | 502 | 5.3 | 958 | 10.2 | 7885 | 83.9 |
20 − 24 | 43,658 | 264 | 0.6 | 2929 | 6.7 | 5663 | 13.0 | 34,802 | 79.8 |
25 − 29 | 67,338 | 487 | 0.7 | 5652 | 8.4 | 10,918 | 16.2 | 50,281 | 74.7 |
30 − 34 | 38,190 | 512 | 1.3 | 4421 | 11.6 | 7439 | 19.5 | 25,818 | 67.7 |
≥35 | 10,999 | 373 | 3.4 | 1858 | 16.9 | 2469 | 22.4 | 6299 | 57.3 |
Adverse outcomes by maternal age
Maternal adverse outcomes | Neonatal adverse outcomes | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blood | Blood | ICU | Apgar | Apgar | Respiratory | Cerebral | Infections | NICU | |||
loss | loss | <7, 5 min | <4, 5 min | ||||||||
500− | >1500 | ||||||||||
1500 ml | ml | ||||||||||
Deliveries, n
| 24,250 | 1925 | 327 | 2200 | 542 | 2876 | 1101 | 4070 | 9624 | ||
Overall (%) | (14.3 %) | (1.1 %) | (0.2 %) | (1.3 %) | (0.3 %) | (1.7 %) | (0.6 %) | (2.4 %) | (5.7 %) | ||
% (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | |||
<20 | 9398 | 5.5 | 10.6 (10.0-11.2) | 0.8 (0.6-1.0) | 0.1 (0.1-0.3) | 1.1 (0.9-1.3) | 0.3 (0.2-0.4) | 1.2 (1.0-1.4) | 0.5 (0.3-0.6) | 1.5 (1.2-1.7) | 4.7 (4.3-5.1) |
20 − 24 | 43,658 | 25.7 | 12.4 (12.1-12.7) | 1.0 (0.9-1.0) | 0.1 (0.1-0.2) | 1.2 (1.1-1.3) | 0.3 (0.2-0.3) | 1.5 (1.4-1.6) | 0.6 (0.5-0.6) | 2.1 (1.9-2.2) | 5.2 (5.0-5.4) |
25 − 29 | 67,338 | 39.7 | 14.3 (14.1-14.6) | 1.1 (1.0-1.2) | 0.2 (0.2-0.2) | 1.3 (1.2-1.3) | 0.3 (0.3-0.4) | 1.7 (1.6-1.8) | 0.6 (0.6-0.7) | 2.3 (2.2-2.4) | 5.6 (5.4-5.7) |
30 − 34 | 38,190 | 22.5 | 16.2 (15.8-16.6) | 1.3 (1.2-1.5) | 0.3 (0.2-0.3) | 1.4 (1.3-1.6) | 0.3 (0.3-0.4) | 1.9 (1.8-2.0) | 0.7 (0.6-0.8) | 1.8 (2.6-3.0) | 6.3 (6.1-6.6) |
≥35 | 10,999 | 6.5 | 18.3 (17.5-19.0) | 1.8 (1.6-2.1) | 0.2 (0.2-0.3) | 1.8 (1.6-2.1) | 0.5 (0.4-0.7) | 2.2 (1.9-2.5) | 1.0 (0.9-1.2) | 3.6 (3.3-4.0) | 7.3 (6.8-7.8) |
p-trenda
|
Maternal age (years) | <20 | 20 − 24 | 25 − 29 | 30 − 34 | ≥35 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deliveries (n, %) | (9398; 5.5 %) | (43,658; 25.7 %) | (67,338; 39.7 %) | (38,190; 22.5 %) | (9615; 5.7 %) | ||||
RRc (95 % CI) | RRadj (95 % CI)a
| RRc (95 % CI) | RRadj (95 % CI)a
| RRc (95 % CI) | RRadj(95 % CI)a
| RRadj (95 % CI) | RRadj (95 % CI)a
| ||
Maternal complications | |||||||||
Blood loss 500 − 1500 ml | 0.86 (0.80-0.92) | 0.91 (0.85-0.98) | 1 | 1.16 (1.12-1.20) | 1.09 (1.05-1.13) | 1.31 (1.26-1.36) | 1.12 (1.08-1.17) | 1.48 (1.40-1.56) | 1.13 (1.07-1.19) |
Blood loss ≥ 1500 ml | 0.82 (0.64-1.05) | 0.85 (0.66-1.09) | 1 | 1.14 (1.01-1.29) | 1.09 (0.97-1.23) | 1.40 (1.23-1.59) | 1.24 (1.08-1.41) | 1.89 (1.60-2.24) | 1.49 (1.25-1.77) |
Transfer to ICU | 1.03 (0.58-1.84) | 1.02 (0.56-1.86) | 1 | 1.30 (0.96-1.75) | 1.26 (0.93-1.71) | 1.78 (1.30-2.44) | 1.54 (1.12-2.13) | 1.64 (1.01-2.59) | 1.17 (0.73-1.86) |
Neonatal complications | |||||||||
Apgar < 7 at 5 min | 0.91 (0.73-1.12) | 0.97 (0.78-1.21) | 1 | 1.08 (0.97-1.20) | 1.00 (0.90-1.12) | 1.23 (1.09-1.39) | 1.01 (0.89-1.14) | 1.58 (1.34-1.86) | 1.12 (0.95-1.33) |
Apgar < 4 at 5 min | 1.07 (0.70-1.64) | 1.09 (0.71-1.69) | 1 | 1.23 (0.98-1.55) | 1.21 (0.96-1.52) | 1.32 (1.02-1.69) | 1.18 (0.91-1.52) | 2.04 (1.48-2.80) | 1.63 (1.17-2.26) |
NICU | 0.91 (0.82-1.00) | 0.97 (0.87-1.07) | 1 | 1.08 (1.02-1.13) | 0.98 (0.93-1.04) | 1.23 (1.16-1.30) | 1.02 (0.96-1.08) | 1.41 (1.30-1.52) | 1.05 (0.97-1.14) |
Respiratory | 0.80 (0.65-0.98) | 0.87 (0.71-1.06) | 1 | 1.13 (1.03-1.24) | 1.03 (0.94-1.14) | 1.26 (1.13-1.40) | 1.04 (0.93-1.15) | 1.44 (1.24-1.67) | 1.06 (0.91-1.23) |
Cerebral | 0.84 (0.61-1.16) | 0.95 (0.69-1.31) | 1 | 1.11 (0.95-1.29) | 0.97 (0.82-1.13) | 1.25 (1.05-1.48) | 0.94 (0.79-1.12) | 1.82 (1.46-2.28) | 1.20 (0.96-1.51) |
Infection | 0.71 (0.59-0.85) | 0.78 (0.65-0.93) | 1 | 1.12 (1.04-1.22) | 1.03 (0.95-1.12) | 1.35 (1.23-1.47) | 1.10 (1.01-1.21) | 1.76 (1.57-1.98) | 1.29 (1.14-2.15) |
Adverse outcomes by mode of delivery
unassisted vaginal delivery | Elective CS | Emergency CS | Operative vaginal delivery | Elective CS | Emergency CS | Operative vaginal delivery | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) |
n (%) |
n (%) |
n (%) | RRRc (95 % CI) | RRRadj
a (95 % CI) | RRRc (95 % CI) | RRRadj
a (95 % CI) | RRRc (95 % CI) | RRRadj
a (95 % CI) | ||
6299 (57.3.0) | 373 (3.4) | 1858 (16.9) | 2469 (22.4) | ||||||||
PPH 500-1500 | 2008 | 764 (12.1) | 103 (27.6) | 591 (31.8) | 550 (22.3) | 2.76 (2.18-3.51) | 2.97 (2.31-3.83) | 3.38 (2.99-3.82) | 3.23 (2.84-3.67) | 2.08 (1.84-2.34) | 2.01 (1.77-.2.27) |
PPH > 1500 ml | 198 | 90 (1.4) | 8 (2.1) | 35 (1.9) | 65 (2.6) | 1.51 (0.73-3.14) | 1.63 (0.75-3.55) | 1.32 (0.89-1.96) | 1.16 (0.77-1.74) | 1.87 (1.35-2.58) | 1.73 (1.25-2.41) |
ICU | 26 | 7 (0.1) | 1 (0.3) | 6 (0.3) | 12 (0.5) | 2.42 (0.30-19.69) | 1.13 (0.12-11.05) | 2.91 (0.98-8.68) | 2.62 (0.84-8.14) | 4.39 (1.73-11.16) | 4.26 (1.65-10.96) |
Apgar < 7 | 202 | 64 (1.0) | 1 (0.3) | 66 (3.6) | 71 (2.9) | 0.26 (0.04-1.89) | 0.28 (0.04-2.06) | 3.59 (2.53-5.08) | 3.69 (2.57-5.31) | 2.88 (2.05-4.06) | 2.94 (2.08-4.17) |
Apgar < 4 | 58 | 24 (0.4) | 0 | 14 (0.8) | 20 (0.8) | 0.00 | 1.98 (1.02-3.84) | 2.30 (1.14-4.62) | 2.13 (1.18-3.87) | 2.41 (1.30-4.47) | |
NICU | 796 | 282 (4.5) | 16 (4.3) | 249 (13.4) | 249 (10.1) | 0.96 (0.58-1.61) | 0.86 (0.50-1.46) | 3.30 (2.76-3.95) | 3.40 (2.82-4.10) | 2.40 (2.01-2.86) | 2.45 (2.05-2.94) |
Respiratory | 238 | 82 (1.3) | 5 (1.3) | 79 (4.3) | 72 (2.9) | 1.03 (0.42-2.56) | 0.94 (0.36-2.46) | 3.37 (2.46-4.61) | 3.59 (2.59-4.97) | 2.27 (1.65-3.14) | 2.35 (1.70-3.25) |
Cerebral | 114 | 34 (0.5) | 1 (0.3) | 37 (2.0) | 42 (1.7) | 0.50 (0.07-3.63) | 0.50 (0.06-3.86) | 3.74 (2.34-5.98) | 3.52 (2.17-5.71) | 3.19 (2.02-5.02) | 3.00 (1.89-4.76) |
Infection | 401 | 154 (2.4) | 4 (1.1) | 121 (6.5) | 122 (4.9) | 0.43 (0.16-1.17) | 0.43 (0.16-1.19) | 2.78 (2.18-3.55) | 2.92 (2.27-3.77) | 2.07 (1.63-2.64) | 2.13 (1.67-2.73) |
Elective CS | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||||||
Deliveries | 373 | 10,626 | ||||||
n
| % | % | % | Risk difference % |
P-valuea
| RRc (95 % CI) | RRadj
b (95 % CI) | |
Maternal complications | ||||||||
Blood loss 500 − 1500 ml | 2008 | 18.3 | 27.6 | 17.9 | 9.7 | 0.000 | 1.54 (1.30-1.82) | 1.83 (1.49-2.26) |
Blood loss ≥ 1500 ml | 198 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 0.611 | 1.20 (0.60-2.42) | 1.43 (0.69-2.93) |
ICU | 26 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.898 | 1.14 (0.15-8.39) | 0.69 (0.08-5.58) |
Neonatal complications | ||||||||
Apgar < 7 at 5 min | 202 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 1.9 | -1.6 | 0.025 | 0.14 (0.02-1.01) | 0.17 (0.02-1.20) |
Apgar < 4 at 5 min | 58 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | -0.5 | 0.153 | ||
NICU | 796 | 7.3 | 4.3 | 7.4 | -3.1 | 0.020 | 0.59 (0.36-0.96) | 0.61 (0.37-0.99) |
Respiratory | 238 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 0.266 | 0.61 (0.25-1.47) | 0.70 (0.29-1.70) | |
Cerebral | 114 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 1.1 | -0.9 | 0.136 | 0.25 (0.04-1.80) | 0.38 (0.05-2.78) |
Infection | 401 | 3.6 | 1.1 | 3.7 | -2.6 | 0.007 | 0.29 (0.11-0.76 | 0.31 (0.12-0.84) |